Question

    Spider webs have something in common with guitar strings. The long, thin strings on a guitar can vibrate(振动). They move back and forth, or from side to side. So do webs made by spiders. The lines of silk they produce can carry vibrations. This movement gives the small creature information about what landed on the web.

Spiders have eight legs and usually eight eyes. The animals build webs with their own soft, naturally-made silk. Spiders catch their food, usually insects, in their web. They make small movements, which spread across their web. The vibrations can tell the spider what is there—maybe something tasty to eat.

Vibrations give the spider details about what is caught in the web. They can tell the spider where that next meal is, and what it might be. But vibrations are not just used to identify what is for dinner. A spider makes its own vibrations to find out the condition of the web.

How do the researchers know that? They used special equipment to send out laser pulses into the web of a garden cross spider. Then they used a laser to measure the very small vibrations, which spread through the web.

Using computer models, the scientist could show how a spider can change the size of a wave vibration. The spider does this by changing the tightness of the silk lines. The spiders then can control how information is getting to them where they hang out in the middle of the web. In a way, spiders can move their silk threads, much like a musician plays the strings of a guitar.

Engineers might be able to learn a thing or two from spiders. This information could help engineers better understand how structures react to energy, and how vibrations affect a building.

1.What do spider webs and guitar strings have in common?

A.They both shake. B.They are both strong.

C.They both convey information. D.They both have the same shape.

2.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A.Webs. B.Spiders.

C.Insects. D.Vibrations.

3.Why do spiders shake their own webs?

A.To repair them. B.To check them.

C.To find out insects. D.To connect with other spiders.

4.What does the author think of the finding of spiders?

A.It might benefit engineers. B.Spiders are clever creatures.

C.It helps improve playing guitar. D.Humans should learn from animals.

Answer

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了蜘蛛网的一系列科学原理以及人类对此的研究和应用。

1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二、三、四句“The long, thin strings on a guitar can vibrate(振动). They move back and forth, or from side to side. So do webs made by spiders.”可知，吉他上细而长的琴弦会振动。他们来回移动，或左右移动。蜘蛛网也是如此。即蜘蛛网与吉他琴弦的相同之处在于它们都振动。故选A。

2.指代猜测题。根据文章第二段第三句“Spiders catch their food, usually insects, in their web.”以及第五句“The vibrations can tell the spider what is there一maybe something tasty to eat.”可知，蜘蛛在蜘蛛网上捕捉食物即昆虫。蜘蛛通过昆虫运动产生的振动得知蜘蛛网上有什么。因此发出振动的应为昆虫，即they指代昆虫。故选C。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句“A spider makes its own vibrations to find out the condition of the web.”可知，蜘蛛发出振动是为了检查蛛网的状况。故选B。

4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Engineers might be able to learn a thing or two from spiders.This information could help engineers better understand how structures react to energy, and how vibrations affect a building.”可知，这项关于蜘蛛的发现可能对工程师有所启发，这些信息可以帮助工程师更好地理解结构对能量的反应，以及振动如何影响建筑物。所以这项关于蜘蛛的发现对工程师有益。故选A。