Question

    Hundreds of thousands of lives were saved in 2017 alone because of the improvement of the environment, according to a new research. Fine particle pollution declined rapidly following the new rules on industrial emissions and the promotion of clean fuels, according to the study, published on Monday in the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. The study, which focused on the period from 2013-2017, was conducted by a group of Chinese researchers and scientist.

PM2.5, as this kind of pollution is known, is so small that it can enter the bloodstream, potentially leading to cancer, stroke and heart attack in the long term. After rapid industrialization and weak regulations left the country with a reputation for smog and bad air quality, Chinese authorities started to take air pollution seriously in 2008.

In 2013, Beijing had PM2.5 concentrations 40 times higher than levels recommended by the World Health Organization(WHO), and the government introduced its toughest-ever clean air policies that year. The study found “significant declines” in PM2.5 levels across China from 2013-2017, with new emissions rules for vehicles. The authors say this “confirms the effectiveness of China’s recent clean air actions.”

These recent actions have seen Beijing fall out of the top 100 most-polluted cities in Asia in recent years, with the pollution levels 10% lower across Chinese cities between 2017 and 2018, according to a report by Greenpeace and Air Visual. Shanghai, the country’s largest city and financial capital, has also made environmental advances, such as adopting strict recycling regulations. Public pressure has been the driving force of pollution policy in China.

Air pollution is a global issue, and India is now home to 22 of the 30 most polluted world cities, according to the Greenpeace and Air Visual report. In the US, a recent study said air pollution was linked to more than 107,000 deaths in 2011 and cost the country $866 billion.

1.What saved many lives in China?

A.China’s clean air policies.

B.The increased particle pollution.

C.The study by researchers.

D.The reduction of the clean fuels.

2.Why did PM2.5 cause many diseases?

A.It was called smog.

B.It made the air cleaner.

C.It went into the blood.

D.It had a bad reputation.

3.When did Chinese government decide to treat the pollution?

A.In 2008. B.In 2013.

C.In 2017. D.In 2018.

4.What did people in Shanghai do to protect the environment?

A.They built the thermal power plants.

B.They stopped using industrial boilers.

C.They made Shanghai financial capital.

D.They tried to recycle some rubbish.

Answer

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。中国的环境得到了很大的改善，这一点得到了全世界的认可。而这改善的环境得益于严格的环保政策，PM2.5的下降让人们的健康受益。

1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Hundreds of thousands of lives were saved in 2017 alone because of the improvement of the environment, according to a new research.（一项新研究显示，仅在2017年，由于环境的改善，就挽救了数十万人的生命。）” 以及“Fine particle pollution declined rapidly following the new rules on industrial emissions and the promotion of clean fuels......（随着工业排放新规定和清洁燃料的推广，细颗粒物污染迅速减少）”，由此可推断出中国对细颗粒污染的控制政策，也就是清洁空气政策，使得环境好转，进而救了很多的人的命，故选A项。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“PM2.5, as this kind of pollution is known, is so small that it can enter the bloodstream, potentially leading to cancer, stroke and heart attack in the long term.（众所周知，PM2.5如此小以至于可以进入血液，长期来看可能导致癌症、中风和心脏病发作。）”可知PM2.5因为其颗粒小而进入人体的血液从而让人们致病，故选C项。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“In 2013, Beijing had PM2.5 concentrations 40 times higher than levels recommended by the World Health Organization(WHO), and the government introduced its toughest-ever clean air policies that year.（2013年，北京的PM2.5浓度比世界卫生组织（WHO）建议的水平高出40倍，政府当年出台了有史以来最严厉的清洁空气政策。）”可以得知中国政府是在2013年下决心整治严重的污染问题的，故选B项。

4.推理判断题。根据文章第四段第二句“Shanghai, the country’s largest city and financial capital, has also made environmental advances, such as adopting strict recycling regulations.（作为中国最大的城市和金融中心，上海也在环境方面取得了进步，比如制定了严格的回收法规。）”可以得知上海通过垃圾回收政策来保护环境，故选D项。