Question

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Why does autumn have two names? According to Merriam-Webster, “autumn” appeared first in English in the 1300s, coming from the Lation word “autumnus”. “Autumn” caught on quickly, likely because it replaced the 1. (origin) name—”harvest”. As you might imagine, when crops were collected from the fields, calling the season “harvest” might make people 2. (confuse) because “harvest” is also the name for the act 3. (it).

So “autumn” appeared instead of “harvest”. Then the term, “autumn”, 4. was referred to the season between summer and winter, lasted for a couple of 5. (century). “Fall” as a name for the season came about sometime in the 1500s, a shortened version of the very poetic phrase for “the fall of leaves”. The English phrase had true meaning of the season without leading 6. any confusion. Not even a century later, the phrase became a simple word: fall.

Around this same time, the English language was traveling across the globe as Britain expanded, and it was 7. (go) through some changes, as many languages did. This was 8. (particular) true in the American colonies (殖民地). Some English words changed in the US, whether in terms of spelling 9. in terms of general usage. In the mid-1800s, British and American English speakers further developed in different ways and “fall” was the common word for “autumn” in the US, while autumn 10. (regard) as the word for fall in England.

Answer

1.original

2.confused

3.itself

4.which

5.centuries

6.to

7.going

8.particularly

9.or

10.was regarded

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。英文中“秋天”有两个名字。文章介绍了这两个名字的由来。

1.考查词性转换。句意：“Autumn”很快流行起来，可能是因为它取代了原来的名字“harvest”。根据空后的名词“name”，此处应该填入形容词original“最初的”作定语。故填. Original。

2.考查形容词。句意：你可以想象，当庄稼从地里收割时，把这个季节叫做“收获”可能会让人们感到困惑，因为“收获”也是这个行为本身的名字。形容词confused在此句中修饰人，意为“感到迷惑的”。故填confused。

3.考查代词。句意：你可以想象，当庄稼从地里收割时，把这个季节叫做“收获”可能会让人们感到困惑，因为“收获”也是这个行为本身的名字。反身代词itself在此处作“the act”的同位语。故填itself。

4.考查定语从句。此处“autumn”做先行词，指物，关系代词which在此处引导非限定性定语从句，且在从句中作主语,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。

5.考查名词复数。根据空前的a couple of“几个”，修饰可数名词复数，故填centuries。

6.考查介词。句意：这个英语短语有这个季节的真正含义，没有引起任何混乱。lead to是固定短语，意为“导致”。故填to。

7.考查非谓语动词。句意：大约在同一时期，随着英国的扩张，英语也在全球范围内传播，和许多其他语言一样，英语也经历了一些变化。根据语境可知，此句应该用过去进行时，故填入现在分词going。

8.考查副词。副词particularly在此处修饰形容词“true”。particularly ture意为“特别真实”。故填particularly。

9.考查让步状语从句。根据句意和结构可知，“whether in terms of spelling or in terms of general usage”意为“无论是在拼写方面，还是是在一般用法方面”。“whether ... or”意为“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。故填or。

10.考查一般过去时态的被动语态。根据上文中的时态，再结合autumn和regard是动宾关系可知，此处应该用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是autumn，是单数第三人称。故填was regarded。