Question

    Miss Avery, my fifth-grade teacher, was a farm girl who was _______ to work hard and make something of herself She let us know she wanted to teach us the values her parents had given hen She _______ we learn the meaning of "kindheartedness". And all year, Miss Avery kept on the blackboard this sentence: “Have a（n） _______ that never hardens, a temper that never tries, a touch that never hurts.”

Never? I was _______ if I could meet such standards. Miss Avery reminded us that we all _______, but that direction matters: a goal to pursue and values to have and to uphold — in her phrase, “a larger vision.”

Those three words were transformed by her to something _______ that stood before us every day: the flag of America. She was _______ telling each of us, “This is your country.” She took pains to explain what our Founding Fathers had in mind when they fought for independence.

It wasn’t that she wanted us to _______ taking an honest look at America’s past and present life. On the contrary, we spent a lot of time learning about the mistakes and _______ committed over the generations. We learned about slavery and the long struggle of the black for their rights.

Every day, we sang our national anthem and proudly ________ our nation’s flag. Every day, too, we had a history lesson right after that ________ of loyalty. Miss Avery asked that we put ourselves in the shoes of the presidents and other leaders whose achievements and misdeeds we were ________. We were asked to take ________ and argue a point of view before our classmates — with respect, say, to the Revolutionary War or the Civil War.

These days, I notice classrooms without the flag. Many teachers tell me that the salute (敬礼) to the flag never ________ in their school. Some of them say they hate extreme patriotism (爱国主义) — ________ loyalty to a nation. I respect a spirit of skepticism, but children also need ________ — something and someone to trust, to hold up as worthy of admiration.

It is important that our children keep in mind not only the errors made in our nation’s past but also the social, ________ , and racial struggles carried on with ________ that have led to a decent life for millions of us. We have good reason to want our children to appreciate this country and to ________ the flag as its symbol, even as we expect them to become citizens unafraid to look at what still needs to be done if a nation’s ideals are to become its everyday ________ .

1.A.paid off B.brought up C.taken over D.pulled up

2.A.insisted B.forced C.determined D.persuaded

3.A.enthusiasm B.confidence C.faith D.heart

4.A.doubtless B.anxious C.skeptical D.concerned

5.A.slip B.pursue C.succeed D.split

6.A.obvious B.accessible C.concrete D.relevant

7.A.regularly B.constantly C.consequently D.occasionally

8.A.avoid B.risk C.permit D.consider

9.A.injustices B.accidents C.offenses D.regrets

10.A.respected B.honored C.admired D.raised

11.A.behavior B.exercise C.symbol D.sense

12.A.judging B.praising C.criticizing D.studying

13.A.ideas B.care C.attitudes D.sides

14.A.wears off B.takes place C.shows up D.comes out

15.A.strong B.personal C.absolute D.national

16.A.approval B.power C.belief D.sympathy

17.A.economic B.historic C.painful D.challenging

18.A.failure B.success C.joy D.respect

19.A.confess B.wave C.acknowledge D.believe

20.A.routine B.life C.task D.reality

Answer

1.B

2.A

3.D

4.C

5.A

6.C

7.B

8.A

9.A

10.D

11.B

12.D

13.D

14.B

15.C

16.C

17.A

18.B

19.C

20.D

【解析】

这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过对作者老师让他们参加升旗仪式，给他们讲美国的历史的事实，提出国旗就是一个国家的象征，他们要了解国家所犯的错误，但更应感激国家让他们拥有了现在的美好生活。作者呼吁孩子们欣赏自己的国家、尊重国旗，努力实现祖国的愿景。

1.考查动词短语辨析。句意：Miss Avery是我五年级的老师，她是一个农村女孩，家人教育她要努力工作，成为有用的人。A. paid off回报，偿还；B. brought up养育；C. taken over接管；D. pulled up停车。根据下文的She let us know she wanted to teach us the values her parents had given hen可知她想把父母给她的教诲教给作者和同学，故此处用“养育”符合语境，故选B项。

2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她坚持我们应该学习仁爱的意义。A. insisted坚持；B. forced强迫；C. determined决定；D. persuaded说服。此处考查动词的固定用法insist that sb. (should) do sth.“坚持某人应该做某事”，故选A项。

3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这一年里，Miss Avery一直在黑板上写着这个句子：有一个不会变硬的心，不会爆发的脾气，不带来伤害的接触。A. enthusiasm热情；B. confidence信心；C. faith信念；D. heart心。根据上文的She ___2___ we learn the meaning of “kindheartedness”.可知，此处用“心”符合语境，故选D项。

4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我怀疑我是否能达到这些标准。A. doubtless无疑的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. skeptical怀疑的；D. concerned担心的。根据上文的Never? 可判断作者对自己能否做到老师所说的表示怀疑，故选C项。

5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Miss Avery提醒我们人人都会犯错，但是方向很重要：一个目标的追求，拥有和坚持的价值观。用她的话说就是一个更大的愿景。A. slip失足，犯错；B. pursue追求；C. succeed成功；D. split溢出。根据下文的On the contrary, we spent a lot of time learning about the mistakes可知，人们了解错误，故此处用“犯错”符合语境，slip和mistake是同义词复现，故选A项。

6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她把三个词变成了我们每天都能够看到的具体的东西：美国国旗。A. obvious明显的；B. accessible可接近的；C. concrete具体的；D. relevant相关的。结合上下文可知，老师用美国国旗代替她所说的“更大的愿景”，即把抽象的说法具体化了，故选C项。

7.考查副词词义辨析。句意：她不断地告诉我们每个人：“这就是你的国家。”A. regularly有规律的；B. constantly不断地；C. consequently因此；D. occasionally偶尔。根据前文的Those three words were transformed by her to something ___6___ that stood before us every day: 可知老师每天都在提醒她的学生，故此处用“不断地”符合语境，故选B项。

8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不是因为她想让我们逃避用诚实的态度来审视美国的现在和过去。A. avoid逃避，避开；B. risk冒险；C. permit允许；D. consider考虑。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者认为老师的意思是让他们看清楚美国的愿景，并不是逃避认清美国的过去和现在，故选A项。

9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，我们用了很多时间了解几十年来美国这片土地上所发生的错误和不公。A. injustices不公正；B. accidents事故；C. offenses侵略；D. regrets遗憾。根据下文的We learned about slavery and the long struggle of the black for their rights.可知，作者和同学了解了奴隶在曾在美国的存在，这是社会的不公，故选A项。

10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天我们都要唱国歌，并且骄傲地升国旗。A. respected尊敬；B. honored尊敬；C. admired欣赏；D. raised举起，提升。结合常识，唱国歌升国旗，故选D项。

11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，每天，在那个忠诚的典礼之后我们立刻会上历史课。A. behavior行为；B. exercise典礼；C. symbol象征；D. sense根据。根据前文的Every day, we sang our national anthem and proudly ___10___ our nation’s flag.可知，作者和同学参加了升旗典礼，故选B项。

12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Miss Avery要求我们站在我们正在学习他们的成就和失误的美国总统和其他领导人的角度。A. judging判断；B. praising表扬；C. criticizing批评；D. studying学习。根据前文的we had a history lesson right after that ___11___ of loyalty. 可知作者每天都要上历史课，故此处用“学习”符合语境，故选D项。

13.考查动词短语辨析。句意：老师要求我们支持一个观点，然后在课前直言不讳地讨论，例如支持内战还是独立战争。A. (take) ideas采纳主意；B. (take) care小心；C. (take) attitudes采取态度；D. (take) sides支持。根据下文的to the Revolutionary War or the Civil War.可知，此处是指老师让学生们选择自己支持的一个观点，故选D项。

14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多老师告诉我在他们的学校从来没有发生过向国旗敬礼的事情。A. wears off消失；B. takes place发生；C. shows up出现；D. comes out出版，开花。结合上下文可知，此处是指其他老师的学校没有进行过升旗仪式，故此处用“发生”符合语境，故选B项。

15.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们中一些人说，他们憎恨极端的爱国主义，即完全忠诚于一个国家。A. strong强壮的；B. personal个人的；C. absolute完全的；D. national国家的。根据前文的extreme patriotism可知，此处用“完全的”符合语境，extreme和absolute是同义词复现，故选C项。

16.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我尊敬怀疑主义，但孩子需要信仰——信任的人或物，坚持值得尊敬的。A. approval赞成； B. power力量；C. belief信仰；D. sympathy同情。根据but判断前后句是转折关系，故此处用“信仰”符合语境，skepticism和belief是反义词复现，故选C项。

17.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：重要的是，我们的孩子应该牢记的不仅仅是我们民族曾经犯下的错误，还应该有让我们过上好生活的成功的社会、经济和民族斗争。A. economic经济的；B. historic历史的；C. painful痛苦的；D. challenging有挑战性的。结合句意可知，此处是指让人们过上好生活的经济变革，故选A项。

18.考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. failure失败；B. success成功；C. joy快乐；D. respect尊重。根据本句的led to a decent life for millions of us.可知，此处用“成功”符合语境，因为斗争成功了所以才会有好的生活，且success和前文的error是反义词复现，故选B项。

19.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有充分的理由让我们的孩子欣赏这国家，承认国旗是它的象征，因为我们想让他们成为美国公民——不惧怕看到要把一个国家的理想变为现实还需要做出什么牺牲的美国公民。A. confess承认，坦白；B. wave挥动；C. acknowledge承认（属实）；D. believe相信。结合上下文，此处是指要让美国的孩子从内心深处认为国旗就是这个国家的象征，故选A项。

20.考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. routine日常；B. life生活；C. task任务；D. reality现实。结合上下文可知，此处是指要把这个国家的愿景变成现实，reality和上文的vision是反义词复现，故选D项。