阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。注意:1.不分段:2.不使用原句:3.不发表自己观点
Tips on summary writing(写作建议):
1. While reading
Are there any topic sentences or key words? If so, underline them and paraphrase(改述)them.
2. While writing
Pay attention to the structure(结构), including topic sentences and main supporting point or evidence.
Use your own words and try to be concise (准确). Remember do not give your own comments(评论）
Cycling isn’t always easy. Busy streets, honking horns(喇叭), and not enough bike lanes can make it an uphill battle. But not even these difficulties can stopEuropeans’ love for cycling. According to BBC, bicycles outsold cars in 26 of the European Union's 28 states last year.
There are traditional "bicycle capitals", such as Amsterdam in the Netherlands and Copenhagen in Denmark. But in many other traditionally car-made countries,the shift( 转变)to bikes is amazing. Italians, for instance, bought
1.6 million bikes against 1.4 million cars in 2012.
So what has led to cycling,s growing popularity in Europe?
The economic crisis(危机) has played an important role in the issue.”The economic crisis has had an influence on all areas of people's lives, including on transport” Giulietta Pagliaccio, head of the Italian cycling federation Fiab, told the Australian Associated Press.
Since the European debt crisis broke out in 2009, more people lost their job while the cost of living, including fuel costs, continued to rise. It forced many people to give up driving to save money, the Guangzhou-based New Express(《新快报》commented. Take Greece, a country seriously hit by the crisis, for example. It sold320,000 bikes last year against 58,000 cars.
More importantly, people have changed their views toward cars and bikes. Cars are losing their attraction as status( 地 位 ) symbols. Yet, cycling is now seen as"a safe clean, healthy, inexpensive way to get around town, "the Daily Star concluded. "It not only reduces traffic jams and pollution, but also contributes to public health."
However, with more and more people tuning to cycling, questions come up about traffic and safety problems.
To ease people's worries, quite a few cities now offer well-marked bike lanes such as the cycling super-highway marked in blue in London. Copenhagen, for example, it has spent 22 million euros (183 million yuan)in cycling, widening roads and building more parking places.
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从 各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项。
Last summer, I had just enough money saved to buy a golden ticket—a 3-month train pass that would take me to the furthest reaches of Europe. Excited for my journey, I _______ all the necessities—_______ the guidebook.
While the _______ of the Internet was surely a contributing factor to my _______ not to take with me kilograms of out-of-date information, this was not the only reason why I decided to fly _______
To be honest, I find the guidebook _______ of a journey—like a bossy aunt who is always telling you what to do, _______ she doesn’t always know what is the best. _______ has taught me that there is a clear _______ between a tourist and a traveler.
While waiting in a queue to see Michelangelo’s Statue of David in Florence, I met a man who showed me his ________ of “Top 20 Things To Do in Italy” and told us ________ that he’d seen everything Italy has to ________ in just four days.
The problem I had with this man’s way of ________ was that he was too focused on ________ the boxes provided by his guidebook. He was ________ in the so-called “must-sees” and blind to all that was happening in the real trip.
So, guidebook-less as we were,my companion and I traveled to Estonia. Arriving without advance plans, we had no choice but to ________ to some friendly faces for advice. We ________ ourselves and asked them what was happening around the town. When this resulted in an ________ we enjoyed a 110-degree wood-stove sauna （桑拿浴） , to a beautiful Estonian home by a river where ________ picked forest-mushrooms and the good ________ of our five new-found Estonian friends, we sure were glad we had left our bossy aunt at home.
1.A.loaded B.collected C.packed D.selected
2.A.except B.with C.including D.besides
3.A.ability B.convenience C.example D.performance
4.A.goal B.decision C.excuse D.mistake
5.A.around B.away C.abroad D.alone
6.A.limits B.influences C.confuses D.encourage
7.A.in case B.as though C.even though D.as long as
8.A.Regulation B.Communication C.Intelligence D.Experience
9.A.relationship B.connection C.similarity D.difference
10.A.list B.book C.file D.summary
11.A.loudly B.positively C.proudly D.happily
12.A.remind B.offer C.discover D.order
13.A.traveling B.planning C.preparing D.thinking
14.A.counting B.following C.drawing D.ticking
15.A.concerned B.interested C.lost D.devoted
16.A.turn to B.turn up C.turn down D.tum in
17.A.presented B.helped C.introduced D.forced
18.A.application B.exit C.entrance D.invitation
19.A.skillfully B.curiously C.fully D.locally
20.A.quality B.company C.possession D.advice
语法填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
China's space program has become the first 1. (land) a spacecraft on the so-called dark side of the moon. The landing made the country closer to the goal of becoming 2. space power. The moon’s far side is not always dark. But it is often called the dark side 3. it faces away from Earth and little is know about it. One 4. (difficult) of operating on the far side of the moon is communicating with Earth. Last May. China launched a satellite so that Chang’e 4 could send back information.Chang'e 4 has sent a picture back to Earth 5. shows a small crater(环形山)and an empty surface that appears to be lit 6. a light from the lunar explorer.
The landing is an example of China’s 7. (grow)ability to compete with the American, Russian and European space programs. China also wants to 8. (strength) its position in lunar exploration. The United State is the only country that has 9. (success)sent a person to the moon. Now, China is considering a crewed( 载 人的) mission, as well. And, China plans to send a Chang'e 5 spacecraft to the moon next year and have 10. return to Earth with collected particles(微粒).
We shouldn’t judge a person by their appearance but we do. In fact, the experts say that when we meet someone for the first time we make a decision about what that person is like in three seconds. 1. One of the most important things we look at is clothes, but it isn't the brand of clothes that people wear that is important. The important thing is to wear the right clothes for the right places.
Schools have always understood this and a lot of them ask their students to wear a uniform. Why? A lot of teachers think a uniform makes students feel that they are part of their school and that their form helps them to be serious about their studies. 2. If all the students wear uniforms, they can’t judge each other because of their clothes. It also stops gossips about who or what is fashionable.
3. We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain job should wear. If we visit a doctor, we hope to see respectable clothes under the doctor’s white coat. 4. Police officers wear uniforms to make themselves easily identifiable to non-police officers. In fact, a lot of companies have dress codes for their staff because they know that the customers hope to see them dressed in certain types of clothes.
But can our clothes really tell people what we are like? 5. When people see us in the right clothes, they think we are serious about what we are doing. Furthermore, if we are clean, smart and polite, people will believe us a lot.
A. Maybe not, but they can show our attitude to what we are doing at the moment.
B. Some of the teachers hold different opinions.
C. But what do we look at?
D. Teachers say that uniforms can help in other ways too.
E. Our clothes stand for our attitude.
F. However, it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way.
G. When we go into a bank we expect the staff to wear suits or dresses.
Today，we are constantly bombarded with media reports about research on the right diet to follow to help us maintain a healthy lifestyle or lose weight—but it’s hard to know which one to pick and，once chosen，it's harder still to stick to it.And now there’s another choice to get our teeth into.
A flexitarian(弹性素食者)diet involves eating plant—based foods and only occasionally eating meat and fish.This eating style allows you to supplement some ingredients that you wouldn’t get in a stricter vegan(素食主义者)diet—another trend growing in popularity.And like veganism，flexitarianism isn’t about eating carefully to help you lose a few pounds—it’s something people choose for ethical reasons，to help the planet.And a study into the global food system and how it affects the climate，has found that eating mainly plant-based foods is one of three key steps towards a sustainable future for all by 2050.
This research found that food waste will need to be halved and farming practices will also have to improve to achieve this.But without a single solution，a combined approach is needed.Dr Marco Springmann from the University of Oxford was one of the lead authors of the report.He told the BBC“We really found that a combination of measures would be needed to stay within environmental limits and those include changes towards healthier more plant—based diets.”
But whereas vegans think it's wrong for animals to be killed for food，flexitarians believe eating meat once in a while is acceptable.And Dr Springmann agrees—as long as we“treat it as a luxury，it’s probably OK but you shouldn’t have more than one serving of red meat，which includes beef and pork，per week.”And here’s another fact to digest:If we moved to this type of diet，the study found that greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture would be cut by more than half.
1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To lead to the topic. B. To entertain the readers.
C. To ask for information. D. To present an idea.
2.From the text，we can know that a flexitarian diet__________.
A. is the most popular eating style B. involves eating no meat
C. benefits the environment D. only balances the nutrition
3.What does Dr Marco Springmann agree with?
A. It’s wrong to kill animals for food.
B. Improving farming practices makes no sense.
C. A plant-based diet has nothing to do with climate change.
D. Combined measures are needed for environmental protection.
4.What can be the suitable title for the text?
A. Methods of keeping fit B. Choose a flexitarian diet
C. Measures to protect the environment D. Keep a strict vegan diet
Mosquitoes have an extraordinary ability to target humans far away and fly straight to their unprotected skin. Regrettably, mosquitoes can do more than cause an itchy( 发痒的)wound. Some mosquitoes spread several serious diseases, including Dengue, yellow fever and malaria.
Over one million people worldwide die from these diseases each year. New research now shows how mosquitoes choose who to bite.
Mosquitoes need blood to survive. They are attracted to human skin and breath. They smell the carbon dioxide gas, which all mammals breathe out. This gas is the main way for mosquitoes to know that a warm-blooded creature is nearby.
But mosquitoes also use their eyes and sense of touch. Michael Dickinson is a professor at the California Institute of Technology. His research shows how these small insects, with even smaller brains, use three senses to find a blood meal.
Michael Dickinson's team used plumes( 烟 )- a material that rises into the air of carbon dioxide gas into a wind tunnel. They then used cameras to record the mosquitoes. The insects followed the plume.
Then, the scientists placed dark objects on the lighter colored floor and walls of the tunnel. Mr Dickinson said, at first, the mosquitoes showed no interest in the objects at all. "What was quite striking and quite surprising is that the mosquitoes fly back and forth for hours. These are hungry females and they completely ignore the objects on the floor and wall of the tunnel, But the moment they get a hit of CO2, they change their behavior quite obviously and now would become attracted to these little visual spots.
This suggested to the researchers that a mosquito's sense of smell is more important in the search for food. Once mosquitoes catch a smell of a human or animal, they also follow visual signals.
1.What do mosquitoes mainly use to find their targets?
A.Sense of smell. B.Sense of touch.
C.Sense of sight. D.Smart brains
2.How did the mosquitoes respond to the objects firstly in the experiment?
A.They flew to the dark ones B.They caught and stuck to them.
C.They took no notice of them. D.They attached themselves to them
3.How can we avoid being attacked by mosquitoes according to the text?
A.Don't let them see us
B.Use dark objects to stop them
C.Make them fly back and forth for hours
D.Attract them to objects full of carbon dioxide gas
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A.How Do Mosquitoes Survive?
B.How Do Mosquitoes Choose to Bite You?
C.Why Do Mosquitoes Need Blood?
D.Why Do Mosquitoes Attack the Human Being?
