A Chinese proverb has it that a tower is built when soil on earth ____, and a river is formed when streams come together.
A.accumulates B.accelerates C.accommodates D.associates
－What about inviting Tracy to host the party?
－Good idea! She is very quick in mind. Oh, _______, here she comes.
A. don’t pull my leg B. a little bird told me
C. speak of the devil D. it’s a piece of cake
The foreigners here are greatly impressed by the fact that _______ people from all walks of life are working hard for ________ new Tianjin.
A./; a B./; the
C.a; a D.the; the
请阅读下面文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章。
（写作内容）
1. 用约 30 个词概括上述利用在线教育 app 学习的现象；
2. 你是支持还是反对利用在线教育 app 学习？请谈谈你的看法,并用 2 - 3 个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
（写作要求）
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 不必写标题。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chronic disorganization (慢性失序症) occurs when one is habitually disorganized over a long period, which means the person is constantly unsystematic in how he conducts life and business. One suffering from this problem may find relief in the fact that it isn’t actually a disease or even an “official” disorder. It’s the continued lack of organization in one’s life.
Someone may become addicted to collecting a certain thing yet never organize the collection as it grows out of control. This can especially be a problem for those with a lot of time and money at hand. Yet the problem can be serious for any type of person in a wide variety of situations.
One’s personal attitude can often be a key factor explaining why the chronic disorganization exists. Once the attitude of acceptance about being a “slob” is in someone’s head, it’s hard to remove. If someone tells himself that he is a slob, he will likely live up to that self-image created by him or by those around him.
More often than not, a person is conscious of the disorder of chronic disorganization only when it starts to negatively affect relationships with his friends and family members. Everybody may become affected by this situation, especially those sharing living places together.
The National Study Group for Chronic Disorganization (HSGCD) recommends that one get help through a professional organization. The study found that all of the subjects in the study had problems with making decisions. There were various reasons given for this problem of decision-making. Among them were fears and prioritizing issues. Research is ongoing for the link between problems in decision-making and chronic disorganization.
Chronic disorganization often begins with situational disorganization, something most people experience at some point. A person who has lost someone significant to him such as a spouse may start to be troubled by disorganization. Someone who has experienced changes in life and in his career tends to let things like organization and order fall by the wayside. However, one doesn’t instantly have chronic disorganization.
“If you’re going through hell, keep going.” That’s an old saying that’s true about one’s struggles with chronic disorganization. Every person has the power to change within himself. It’s a matter of staying organized, one day at a time. Those who have left chronic disorganization in the past have often done so by promising to stay organized simply for that single day.
1. | It means that the person has a(n) 2. of being disorganized in life and business over a long period. |
Recognizing the problem | One example is that an addict 3. to organize the collection. The 4. of chronic disorganization is greatly affected by one’s personal attitude. One is 5. of the disorder of chronic disorganization until it has negative effects on the relationships with his friends and family members. |
The 6. of the study | All subjects in the study 7. from the problem of poor decision-making, which is associated with chronic disorganization. |
Warning 8. | Notice the following things: losing someone significant, 9. a divorce or changes in one’s life and career. |
Good news | When in struggle with chronic disorganization, every person has the power to change by remaining 10. for one single day at a time. |
If spending is a measure of what matters, then the people of the developing world place a high value on brains. While private spending on education has not changed much in the rich world in the past ten years, in China and India it has more than doubled. Since brainpower is the primary generator of progress, this burst of enthusiasm for investing in private education is excellent news for the world. But not everybody is delighted. Because private education increases inequality, some governments are trying to stop its advance. That’s wrong: they should welcome it, and spread its benefits more widely.
① Education used to be provided by religious institutions or entrepreneurs. But when governments, starting in Prussia in the 18th century, got into the business of nation-building, they realized they could use education to shape young minds. As state systems grew, private schooling was left to the elite and the pious(虔诚的). Now it is enjoying popularity again, for several reasons. Incomes are rising, especially among the better off, at the same time as birth rates are falling. In China the former one-child policy means that six people---two parents and four grandparents---can pour money into educating a single child.
② All over the developing world, people want more or better education than governments provide. Where cities are growing at unmanageable speed, the private education is taking up the slack. In India the private education now educates nearly half of all children, in Pakistan more than a third, and in both countries the state education is shrinking. Even where the state does pretty well, as in East Asia, richer people still want better schooling for their children than the masses get. Thus, Vietnam, which has an outstanding state-school system for a poor country, measured by its performance in the OECD’s PISA test, also has the fastest-growing private education.
③ In most ways, this is an excellent thing, because the world is getting more and better schooling.
In rich countries, once the background and ability of the children who attend private schools are taken into account, their exams results are about the same as those in the state education. But in developing countries private schools are better---and much more efficient. A study of eight Indian states found that, in terms of learning outcomes per rupee, private schools were between 1.5 times and 29 times more cost-effective than state schools.
④ They tend to sort children by income, herding richer ones towards better schools that will enhance their already superior life chances. That is one reason why many governments are troubled by their rise.
Governments are right to worry about private education’s contribution to inequality, but they are wrong to discourage its growth. Governments should instead focus on improving the public education by mimicking(模仿) the private education’s virtues. Freedom from independent management is at the root of its superior performance and greater efficiency. Governments should therefore do their best to give school principals more freedom to innovate and to fire underperforming teachers.
To spread the benefit of private schools more widely, governments should work with them, paying for education through vouchers(代金券) which children can spend in private schools. And vouchers should be limited to students in non-selective schools that do not charge top-up fees; otherwise governments will find themselves helping the better off and increasing inequality.
The world faces plenty of problems. Governments should stop behaving as though private education were one of them. It will, rather, increase the chances of finding solutions.
1.What do we know about private education?
A. More developed countries enjoy it.
B. It attracts more and more investment.
C. Public education will replace it in the future.
D. It has helped governments to remove inequality
2.What does the underlined phrase“taking up the slack” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Filling the gap. B. Setting the place.
C. Breaking the balance. D. Avoiding the risk.
3.Why has private education been developing rapidly in Vietnam?
A. The population in Vietnam is shrinking dramatically.
B. Its state education is worse than other developing countries.
C. Some people want better education for their children than others.
D. The government intends private education to shape young minds.
4.The sentence “But private schools also increase inequality.” can be put in .
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
5.What does the author advise governments to do?
A. Train school principals. B. Sell vouchers to children.
C. learn from private education. D. Fire underperforming teachers.
6.What’s the author’s opinion about private education?
A. Private education should be based on state education.
B. Private education should be targeted at well-off families.
C. Governments should prevent the spread of private education.
D. Governments should celebrate the popularity of private education.
