Question

    Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound efficient and cost-saving, a recent study reports that they're not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them.

The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive (认知的) behavioral therapy (CBT) and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor.

Traditional CBT is considered an effective form of talk therapy for depression, helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors. However, online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.

A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized (随机的) control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across England. The patients were split into three groups: one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs. Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, educational background, severity and duration of depression, and use of antidepressants(抗抑郁药).

After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.

"It's an important, warning note that we shouldn't get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists," says Christopher Dowrick, a professor of primary medical care at the University of Liverpool. "We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, particularly when people are depressed. "

"Being depressed can mean feeling lost in your own small, negative, dark world," Dowrick says. Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particularly important in fighting that sense of isolation. "When you're emotionally fragile, you're even more in need of a caring human being," he says.

1.What does the recent study say about online CBT programs?

A.Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure.

B.Patients cannot engage with them without the use of a computer.

C.They can save patients trouble visiting physicians.

D.They have been well received by a lot of patients'

2.What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular?

A.Their effectiveness in combating depression

B.The low efficiency of traditional talk therapy.

C.Their easy and inexpensive access by patients.

D.The recommendation by primary care doctors.

3.What is Professor Dowrick's advice concerning online CBT programs?

A.They should not be neglected in primary care.

B.Their effectiveness should not be overestimated.

C.They should be used by strictly following instructions.

D.Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists.

4.Which is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?

A.A positive state of mind. B.Appropriate medication.

C.Timely encouragement. D.Human interaction.

Answer

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。本文主要对计算机辅助认知行为疗法（CBT）进行了研究，研究其对治疗抑郁症是否有作用。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段的While they sound efficient and cost-saving, a recent study reports that they're not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them. (尽管它们听起来有效而且节省开支，但最近的一项研究报告称它们并没有效果，主要是因为抑郁症患者不太可能参与它们或者坚持治疗)可知，最近的一项研究认为抑郁症患者可能不会坚持使用CBT进行有效的治疗。A. Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure. (病人可能不会坚持使用它们进行有效的治疗)符合以上说法，故选A项。

2.细节理解题。根据第三段的However, online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.(然而，CBT治疗变得越来越受欢迎，是因为它可以提供低消费的帮助，只要人们可以使用电脑)可知CBT治疗受欢迎是因为价格低廉，且很容易获得。C. Their easy and inexpensive access by patients. (病人可以方便、便宜地获得它们)符合以上给说法，故选C项。

3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的"It's an important, warning note that we shouldn't get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists," says Christopher Dowrick, (克里斯托弗.多威克说：“这是一个重要的警告，我们不应过于相信计算机系统可以取代医生和治疗师。”)可推测Christopher Dowrick认为人们不应高估计算机系统治疗的效果。B. Their effectiveness should not be overestimated. (它们的效果不应被高估)符合以上说法，故选B项。

4.细节理解题。根据最后一段的"When you're emotionally fragile, you're even more in need of a caring human being," he says. (他说：“当你情绪脆弱时，你更需要一个有爱心的人。”)可知，对于一个情感脆弱的人来说，人类的安慰和陪伴更重要。D. Human interaction. (人类的互动)符合以上说法，故选D项。