满分5 > 高中英语试题 >

While many of us may have been away some...

    While many of us may have been away somewhere nice last summer, few would say that we’ve “summered.” “Summer” is clearly a noun, more precisely, a verbed noun.

Way back in our childhood, we all learned the difference between a noun and a verb. With such a tidy definition, it was easy to spot the difference. Not so in adulthood, where we are expected to “foot” bills, “chair” committees, and “dialogue” with political opponents. Chances are you didn’t feel uncomfortable about the sight of those verbed nouns.

“The verbing of nouns is as old as the English language,” says Patricia O’Conner, a former editor at The New York Times Book Review. Experts estimate that 20 percent of all English verbs were originally nouns. And the phenomenon seems to be snowballing. Since 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns.

Even though conversion (转化) is quite universal, plenty of grammarians object to the practice. William Strunk Jr. and E.B.White, in The Elements of Style — the Bible for the use of American English — have this to say: “Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbs. Not all are bad, but all are suspect.” The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint, advising writers to use verbs with great care.

“Sometimes people object to a new verb because they resist what is unfamiliar to them,” says O’Conner. That’s why we’re comfortable “hosting” a party, but we might feel upset by the thought of “medaling” in sports. So are there any rules for verbing? Benjamin Dreyer, copy chief at Random House, doesn’t offer a rule, but suggests that people think twice about “verbifying” a noun if it’s easily replaceable by an already existing popular verb. Make sure it’s descriptive but not silly-sounding, he says.

In the end, however, style is subjective. Easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been part of English grammar for centuries; it is one of the processes that make English “English.” Not every coinage (新创的词语) passes into general use, but as for trying to end verbing altogether, forget it.

1.What can we learn about the verbing of nouns?

A.It hasn’t recently been opposed by many grammarians.

B.It is more commonly accepted by children than adults.

C.It hasn’t been a rare phenomenon in the past century.

D.It is easily replaced by existing verbs in practice

2.What is most leading experts’ attitude towards the practice of the verbing of nouns?

A.Cautious. B.Satisfied.

C.Disappointed. D.Unconcerned.

3.What does the author think of ending the verbing of nouns?

A.Predictable. B.Practicable.

C.Approaching. D.Impossible.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Are 40 Percent of all new verbs from nouns

B.Are Summering and Medaling Annoying?

C.Are You Comfortable about a New Verb?

D.Are There Any Rules for Verbing?

 

1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 【解析】 本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是英语语言中“名词动用”的语言现象,据专家估计20%的英语动词原本是名词,但大多数专家对“名词动用”这类名词的使用持有谨慎态度。也有人反对新动词,因为他们抗拒自己不熟悉的东西。文章就此展开了讨论。 1.推理判断题。根据第三段的Since 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns.(自1900年以来,大约40%的新动词来自名词)可知,我们知道在过去的一个世纪里,名词动用并不是罕见的现象。故选C。 2.推理判断题。根据第四段的Not all are bad, but all are suspect.(不是所有的都是坏的,但所有的都是可疑的)和The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint, advising writers to use verbs with great care.(《芝加哥文体手册》也持类似观点,建议作者小心使用动词)可知,对于名词动用的用法,大多数的专家持谨慎的态度。故选A。 3.推理判断题。根据最后一段的Not every coinage (新创的词语) passes into general use, but as for trying to end verbing altogether, forget it.(并不是所有的造词都被广泛使用,但是想要完全停止动词的使用,还是算了吧)可知,作者认为结束名词动用用法的使用是不可能的,故选D。 4.主旨大意题。通读全文以及文章的可知,英语语言中“名词动用”的语言现象,据专家估计20%的英语动词原本是名词,但大多数专家对“名词动用”这类名词的使用持有谨慎态度,但是完全杜绝这类词的使用又是不可能的。也有人反对新动词,因为他们抗拒自己不熟悉的东西,用正反两个观点来说明这类名词动用的语言现象是否受人欢迎,故引用文章中的名词动用的两个词Summering和Medaling来进行概括,故B选项(Summering和Medaling很讨厌吗?)可以作为本文标题,故选B。
复制答案
考点分析:
相关试题推荐

    Your circle of friends may help you get a better reading on your overall health and wellness rather than just using wearable devices such as a Fitbit, according to researchers.

The study, published in the journal PLOS ONE, analyzed what the structure of social networks says about the state of health, happiness and stress.

"We were interested in the topololgy (拓扑学) of the social network — what does my position within my social network predict about my health and well-being said Nitesh V. Chawla, a professor at the University of Notre Dame in the US.

“What we found was the social network structure provides a significant improvement in predictability of wellness states of an individual over just using the data obtained from wearables, like the number of steps or heart rate,” Chawla said.

For the study, participants wore a Fitbit to capture health behavior data about walking, sleeping, heart rate and overall activity level. They also completed surveys and self-assessments of their stress, happiness and positivity.

Cbawla and his team then analyzed the data with a machine learning model, alongside the connections and characteristics of an individual's social network.

The study showed a strong correlation (相关性) between social network structures, heart rate, number of steps and level of activity.

Social network structure provided significant improvement in predicting one's health and well-being compared to just looking at health behavior data from the Fitbit alone.

For example, when social network structure is combined with the data from wearables, the machine learning model achieved a 65 percent improvement in predicting happiness.

The model also achieved a 54 percent improvement in predicting one's self-assessed health prediction, a 55 percent improvement in predicting positive attitude and a 38 percent improvement in predicting success.

This study asserts (断言) that without social network information, we only have an incomplete view of an individual's wellness state, and to be fully predictive or to be able to obtain interventions (干扰). It is critical to be aware of the social network, Chawla said.

1.What did the study find?

A.How people choose their friend circles.

B.What factors decide your friend circles.

C.How your circle of friends influences you

D.What your circle of friends says about your health.

2.How did the researchers draw their conclusions?

A.By comparing data. B.By giving examples.

C.By analyzing cause and effect D.By describing personal experiences.

3.What does the underlined word “critical” mean in the last paragraph?

A.Easy. B.Common.

C.Important. D.Challenging.

4.What do Chawla's words in the last paragraph tell us?

A.How fitness devices can connect your circle of friends

B.That a person's social network is part of his health picture.

C.The best ways to make friends and keep a healthy social circle

D.That wearable devices are not useful for understanding someone's health.

 

查看答案

    As a kid, Joanna Buckley wasn’t interested in science — until she had a chance to try it. That happened when she got a chemistry set for Christmas.

“Over the course of a few weeks, I’d completed every experiment. But in the process, I polluted my parent’s dining room carpet and burnt the kitchen worktop with the spirit burner,” she says.

Now science is Buckley’s job. She works in the chemistry department at the University of Sheffield in England. “I realize, first-hand, how important it is to have something or someone to show you why science is so great,” she says. Now the good news is that citizen science appears.

Citizen science takes the fun of experimenting a step further than Buckley’s at-home chemistry kit. That’s because these experiments are real, looking for novel answers.

“Compared with a one-off experiment, what’s cool about citizen science is that students get that this has a purpose,” Prunuske says. “Students want to do a good job, because they know scientists are going to use the new data in their own research.”

Long agrees. “Kids like that it’s real. And they like that it’s important, that it matters.” Citizen-science projects have made big discoveries. One found a previously unknown galaxy cluster (星系团). Another project helped assess how much damage a big earthquake had caused in Japan. And one of the first citizen-science projects helped scientists learn where butterflies go every winter.

Some adults worry about teens losing interest in science. That’s one reason they hope that fun, exciting citizen-science projects can help them keep in touch, Long says. And she has some evidence that it’s working, “Last year, we did have a couple of students say, ‘I really think I want to be a scientist now. ’”

1.What is the purpose of paragraph 2?

A.To support trials can make teens interested in science.

B.To prove failure is the mother of success in science.

C.To state Buckley has a talent for science.

D.To praise Buckley for her strong will.

2.Why is citizen science more fun?

A.It carries out experiments frequently.

B.It must carry out experiments in groups.

C.It needs to seek for new solutions.

D.It demands to handle complex problems.

3.What can we know from what Prunuske said?

A.She participated in the experiment.

B.She took pride in what students took up.

C.Citizen science is popular with students.

D.Scientists are willing to employ students.

4.What is Long’s attitude towards citizen science?

A.Concerned. B.Supportive.

C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.

 

查看答案

How It Feels to Float

by Helaia Fox

If you're looking for a moving story that explores themes of mental illness, grief (悲痛), and love, pick up a copy of How It Feels to Float and follow Biz as she comes of age. This moving novel will stay with you long   after you finish reading it.

Two Can Keep a Secret

by Karen M. MeManus

Put on your crime-solving cap and get swept away in this thriller about a girl, a boy, and a string of unsolved murders. As threats and clues pile up, you’ll be burning the midnight oil trying to finish the book before dawn.

Forest of a Thousand Lanterns

by Julie C. Dao

The first book in the Rise of the Empress series takes the bones of a traditional fairy tale — a poor girl fated for power, an evil queen determined to stop her, love for someone who doesn't love back and magic — and gives them a richly imagined East Asian setting.

Dune

by Frank Herbert

If the Star Wars movies have made you fall in love with the space opera, eventually you're going to read Frank Herbert's most famous creation. The story of centuries-old political plotting — about warring factions (派系) battling over control of the extremely valuable planet Arrakis — is a classic and remains a wonderful introduction to the larger, more complex world of science fiction just beyond the Star Wars trilogies.

1.What is How It Feels to Float mainly about?

A.The murder of a teenage girl.

B.A girl's space adventures.

C.Challenges of growing up.

D.A poor girl with special powers.

2.What kind of book is Two Can Keep a Secret?

A.A fairy tale. B.A science-fiction story.

C.A love story. D.A detective story.

3.Which book is about battling for control of another planet?

A.How It Feels to Float B.Two Can Keep a Secret

C.Forest of a thousand Lanterns D.Dune

 

查看答案

假定你是武汉市某高中学校学生会主席李华,为有效配合新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控,湖北省教育厅宣布延期开学, 请你写一封英文延期开学通知发布在校园网上。要点如下:

1.  严禁学生假期到校。

2.  进行远程教育、在线心理辅导。

3.  如有调整,另行通知。

注意:

1.  词数 100 左右;

2.  可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:

心理的 psychological

疫情 epidemic

教育部 Ministry of Education

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

查看答案

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中 最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。

It’s been two years when I joined the campus radio station. During this time, I had done several interviews. Every time I finish to writing an article, I am proud of myself for able to introduce my schoolmates to the things I’ve seen. It was difficult at times, but when I saw my stories publish in our school newspaper, you knew that it was something worth doing. My parents, teachers and schoolmates congratulated me on that I did. I felt happily when I shared a new story with them. The greatest thing about being the reporter is exchanging idea with others.

 

查看答案
试题属性

Copyright @ 2008-2019 满分5 学习网 ManFen5.COM. All Rights Reserved.