Question

    To be clear, plastic bags are rightly thought of as a threat that's harmful to human health. According to the National Resources Defense Council, over a decade ago, the average American family took home almost 1,500 plastic shopping bags a year, filling our cabinets, kitchen drawers, and landfills (垃圾填埋场). Today the numbers are slightly better: According to National Geographic, as of 2018, shoppers in the United States use almost one plastic bag per resident per day.

This is not a story on the evil of plastics, but on whether the reusable bag can justify its existence. Although more environmentally friendly than traditional single-use plastic bags, reusable bags, depending on what they are made of, are more energy-intensive (耗能) to recycle.

According to a report by the United Nations Environment Program, “depending on what they are made of, reusable bags might have to be deconstructed in a costly recycling process to separate the different materials. As a result, in many cases, reusable bags are not recycled." That means despite the best intentions, millions of reusable bags designed to replace the need for traditional plastic shopping bags, will also end up in landfills.

Another point to consider, not all reusable bags are equal in terms of their recyclability. There are a wide range of reusable bag options on the market, and reusable bags tend to be made of more than one material to give the bag added reinforcement (耐用) and added street fashion. On a life cycle basis, stronger, heavier bags-no matter what material they are made of-will have a more severe environmental effect. That's because heavier bags use more resources to produce as well as distribute.

Just like plastic bags did, reusable bags multiply rapidly. Used for promotional (促销的)purposes and marketing of all kinds, reusable bags' growing popularity means bags that have been used very little (or not at all) can be found piled in streets, in garbage cans in city parks, and basically everywhere. Therefore, consumers have come to see them as disposable, defeating their very purpose.

In the end, the best practice for reusable bags is to have no half measures: Either use them all the time or don't use them at all. Using a reusable bag once or twice, and then throwing it away, doesn't do the environment any favors.

1.What can we learn from the passage?

A.Plastic bags are refused by environmentalists.

B.Shops in America have limited the use of plastic bags.

C.The need of strong and fashionable reusable bags is more than the supply.

D.Reusable bags demand more resources to produce and recycle than expected.

2.The words “very purpose" in Paragraph 6 refer to the intention of __________.

A.being left in landfills

B.being used as much as possible

C.replacing plastic bags

D.promoting goods on the market

3.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A.How to Recycle Reusable Bags

B.Disadvantages of Plastic Bags

C.Reusable Bags? Think Twice!

D.Plastic Bags, Less Popular?

4.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

I: Introduction   CP: Central Point   P: Point   Sp: Sub-point (次要点)   C: Conclusion

A. B.

C. D.

Answer

1.D

2.B

3.C

4.A

【解析】

这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了可重复使用的袋子虽然受到了普及欢迎，但由于使用不当和错误地将其随意丢弃而没有重复使用，导致其命运和塑料袋无异，反而在生产和回收方面会更耗能，作者总结在使用可重复使用的袋子时，要三思其目的—可重复使用才能环保。

1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段末尾句内容“Although more environmentally friendly than traditional single-use plastic bags, reusable bags, depending on what they are made of, are more energy-intensive to recycle.( 虽然环保袋比传统的单次使用的塑胶袋更环保，但可再用的塑胶袋，视乎它们的成分而定，在循环使用上更耗能。)”以及文章第三段内容：According to a report by the United Nations Environment Program, “depending on what they are made of, reusable bags might have to be deconstructed in a costly recycling process to separate the different materials. As a result, in many cases, reusable bags are not recycled."( 根据联合国环境规划署(United Nations Environment Program)的一份报告，“可重复使用的袋子可能要经过成本高昂的回收过程才能被分解，以分离不同的材料，这取决于它们是由什么材料制成的。”因此，在许多情况下，可重复使用的袋子是不能回收的。”)可知，可重复使用的袋子在生产方面成分复杂，在回收起来之后要要花费更高的代价分解。因此选项D“Reusable bags demand more resources to produce and recycle than expected.( 可重复使用的袋子需要比预期更多的资源来生产和回收。)”属于合理推理。故选D项。

2.词义猜测题。根据前文内容“Just like plastic bags did, reusable bags multiply rapidly. Used for promotional purposes and marketing of all kinds, reusable bags' growing popularity means bags that have been used very little (or not at all) can be found piled in streets, in garbage cans in city parks, and basically everywhere.( 就像塑料袋一样，可重复使用的袋子迅速繁殖。用于各种促销和市场推广的可重复使用的袋子越来越受欢迎，这意味着很少使用（或根本不用）的袋子可以在街道上、城市公园的垃圾桶中找到，而且基本上随处可见。可知，可重复的袋子与塑料袋有着相同的命运—随处丢弃，从而使人们忘记了它们存在的目的—可重复使用。因此，句中“very purpose”应是指“尽可能多地使用”。故选B项。

3.主旨大意题。文章末尾段落再次点明主旨“In the end, the best practice for reusable bags is to have no half measures: Either use them all the time or don't use them at all. Using a reusable bag once or twice, and then throwing it away, doesn't do the environment any favors.( 最后，使用环保袋的最佳做法是不要半途而废:要么一直使用，要么根本不使用。一次或两次使用可重复使用的袋子，然后把它扔掉，对环境没有任何好处。)”可知，作者想要表达的是在使用可重复使用的袋子，需要多加考虑，想清楚。选项C. Reusable Bags? Think Twice!( 环保袋吗?三思而后行!)贴合主旨，可作最佳标题。故选C项。

4.推理判断题。文章总体结构为总分总结构。第一段提出现象：塑料购物袋的使用减少；第二段为中心点：whether the reusable bag can justify its existence(可重复使用的袋子是否可以证明它的存在？并提出了第一个要点：虽然环保袋比传统的单次使用的塑胶袋更环保，但可再用的塑胶袋，视乎它们的成分而定，在循环使用上更耗能。)；第三段也就是第一个次要点：可重复使用的袋子可能必须在昂贵的回收过程中进行解构，以分离不同的材料。因此，在很多情况下，可重复使用的塑料袋是不可回收的可重复使用的塑料袋是不可回收的。第四段提出第二个次要点Another point to consider, not all reusable bags are equal in terms of their recyclability(另一个需要考虑的问题是，并非所有可重复使用的袋子在可回收性方面都是平等的。)第 五 段是第二个要点：第五段提出由于人们到处乱扔可重复使用的袋子，导致人们忘记了它们的最初目的：可重复使用。第六段得出结论：In the end, the best practice for reusable bags is to have no half measures: Either use them all the time or don't use them at all. ( 最后，使用环保袋的最佳做法是不要半途而废:要么一直使用，要么根本不使用。)因此可知，选项A合理概括文章结构。故选A项。