Do you feel sad? Happy? Angry? You may think that the way you show these emotions is unique. Well, think again. Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified, according to Mind Reading, a DVD exhibiting every possible human emotion．1.
In the mid 1800s, Darwin divided the emotions into six types—anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and enjoyment．More complex expressions of emotion were probably learned and therefore more specific to each culture．But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide．2.The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of these expressions．
The project was designed by a Cambridge professor．His research team first had to define an "emotion"．3.Using this definition, 412 emotion terms were identified and discussed, from "afraid" to "wanting"．
Then each expression is acted out by six different actors．"It was really clear when the actors had got it right," says Cathy Collis, who directed the DVD．"Although they were given some direction, the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move．4.
Someone who has tried to set such rules is the American, Professor Paul Ekman, who built database of how the face moves for every emotion．The face can make 43 distinct muscle movements．Ekman has also found that it may not be possible for people to reproduce them artificially．The most difficult expression to reproduce is the smile．It isn't only about stretching the lips, but tightening the tiny muscles around the eyes．5.If we learnt to recognize whether someone was using their eye muscle when they smiled, we would be able to distinguish true enjoyment from false.
A.It shows 412 distinct ways we feel．
B.These can be combined into more than 10,000 facial shapes．
C.These particular muscles are difficult to control, and few people can do it．
D.They decided that it was a mental state that could be introduced by "I feel" or "he looks "or "she sounds"．
E.He said the expression of these feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone, from any culture．
F.It is as if they are programmed into the brains of "normal humans" wherever they are and whatever their races．
G.We thought of trying to describe each emotion, but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this．
As we grow old, we realize that we have so little time to read and there are so many great books that we’ve yet to get around to. Yet re-readers are everywhere around us. For certain fans, re-reading The Lord of the Rings is a conventional practice annually. One friend told me that Jane Austen’s Emma can still surprise him, despite his having read it over 50 times.
New sudden clear understandings can be gained from the process of re-reading. Journalist Rebacca Mead, a long-time Englishwoman in New York, first came across George Eliot’s Middlemarch at 17. Since then, has read it again every five years. With each re-reading, it has opened up further; in each chapter of her life, it has resonated (引起共鸣) differently. Mead evidenced the large number of ways in which really good books not only stand the test of repeat reads, but also offer fresh gifts each time we crack their spines. These kinds of books grow with us.
Scientists have also recognized the mental health benefits of re-reading. Research conducted with readers in the US found that on our first reading, we are concerned with the “what” and the “why”. Second time round, we’re able to better appreciate the emotions that the plot continues to express. As researcher Cristel Russell of the American University explained, returning to a book “brings new or renewed appreciation of both the great book and its readers.”
It’s true that we often find former selves on the pages of old books (if we’re fond of making notes on the pages). These texts can carry us back to a lime and place, and remind us of the kind of person that we were then. We’re changed not only by lived experience but also by reading experience—by the books that we’ve discovered since last reading the one in our hand.
More than the movie director or the musician, the writer calls upon our imaginations, using words to lead us to picture this declaration of love or that unfaithfulness in life. A book is a joint project between writers and readers, and we must pour so much of ourselves into reading that our own life story can become connected with the story in the book.
Perhaps what’s really strange is that we don’t re-read more often. After all, we watch our favorite films again and we wouldn’t think of listening to an album only once. We treasure messy old paintings as objects, yet of all art forms, literature alone is a largely one-time delight. A book, of course, takes up more time, but as Mead confirms, the rewards make it adequately worthwhile.
1.The two are mentioned in Paragraph 1 mainly to ________.
A.attract the attention of re-readers
B.introduce the topic of the passage
C.provide some background information
D.show the similarity between re-readers
2.The underlined expression “crack their spines” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A.re-read them B.recite them
C.recall them D.retell them
3.It can be learned from the passage that ________.
A.reading benefits people both mentally and physically
B.readers mainly focus on feelings on their first reading
C.writers inspire the same imaginations as film directors do
D.we know ourselves better through re-reading experience
4.The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A.call on different understandings of old books
B.focus on the mental health benefits of reading
C.bring awareness to the significance of re-reading
D.introduce the effective ways of re-reading old books
Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods? One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation in your body.
Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and refined foods. When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes(酶) that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. In both instances, the result is obesity. When too many nutrients are absorbed at once, the body grows fat. Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive tract, where it becomes increasingly acidic. To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs.
Processed foods contain chemical elements, which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we’ve had enough to eat; as a result, people often overeat. Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle. The body will either identify these foods as allergens and then store them safely away from the organs as fat, or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste, which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body’s cells. The body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain and obesity.
The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion increasingly inefficient. When that happens, even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common.
To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize the acid already accumulated in body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. It’s also important to restore your enzyme balance. You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself, you need to take an active approach.
1.It can be inferred from Para. 2 that ____________.
A.foods with natural enzymes help people keep fit
B.we’d better be cautious about raw and whole foods
C.it is essential for people to protect their vital organs
D.giving up cooked and refined foods is a new lifestyle
2.Processed foods are unhealthy because they ____________.
A.destroy body’s cells B.may lead to obesity
C.are difficult to digest D.stop body’s metabolism.
3.What is the main purpose of this passage?
A.To warn people of the problem of obesity.
B.To advocate eating more raw and whole foods.
C.To inform people of the harm of processed foods.
D.To tell the differences between raw and processed foods.
4.What is likely to be talked about following the last paragraph?
A.Different causes of acid accumulation.
B.Correct ways to cook raw foods.
C.Suitable types of raw and whole foods.
D.Active approaches to avoid acid.
Guide to Stockholm University Library
With good studying environment and different types of studying places, our library is a perfect place for study.
Zones
The library is divided into different zones. The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone where you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.
Computers
You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers, your can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office. They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor.
Group-study places
If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people. All rooms are marked on the library maps.
There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website. To book, you need an active University account and a valid University card. You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week.
Rules to be Followed
Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library. Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls.
Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.
1.The library’s ground floor is mainly for students to________.
A.read in a quiet place B.get their computers fixed
C.take comfortable seats D.have group discussions
2.Library computers on the ground floor ________.
A.contain software essential for schoolwork
B.help students with their field experiments
C.are mostly used for filling out application forms
D.are for those who want to access the wi-fi
3.What condition should be met to book a group-study room?
A.A group must consist of 8 people
B.One should first register at the university
C.Three-hour use per day is the minimum
D.Applicants must mark the room on the map
4.What should NOT be brought into the library?
A.Lemon juice. B.Mobile phones.
C.Strawberries. D.Candy.
I drove a taxi to make a living. One night about twenty years ago, I went to pick up a passenger at 2:30 AM. When I arrived to collect, I found the building was dark except for a single light in a ground floor window.
I walked to the door and knocked, “Just a minute,” answered a weak, elderly voice.
After a long pause, the door opened. A small woman in her eighties stood before me. By her side was a small suitcase.
I took the suitcase to the car, and then returned to help the woman. She took my arm and we walked slowly toward the car.
She kept thanking me for my kindness. “It’s nothing,” I told her. “I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated.”
“Oh, you’re such a good man.” She said. When we got into the taxi, she gave me an address, and then asked, “Could you drive through downtown?”
“It’s not the shortest way,” I answered quickly.
“Oh, I’m in no hurry,” she said. “I’m on my way to a hospice(临终医院). I don’t have any family left. The doctor says I don’t have very long.”
I quietly reached over and shut off the meter(计价器).
For the next two hours, we drove through the city. She showed me the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she had lived, and the furniture shop that had once been a ballroom where she had gone dancing as a girl.
Sometimes she’d ask me to slow down in front of a particular building and would sit staring into the darkness, saying nothing.
At dawn, she suddenly said, “I’m tired. Let’s go now.”
We drove in silence to the address she had given me.
“How much do I owe you?” she asked.
“Nothing.” I said.
“You have to make a living,” she answered. “Oh, there are other passengers,” I answered.
Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a hug. She held onto me tightly. Our hug ended with her remark, “You gave an old woman a little moment of joy.”
1.The old woman chose to ride through the city in order to ______.
A.show she was familiar with the city
B.let the driver earn more money
C.see some places for the last time
D.reach the destination on time
2.The taxi driver did not charge the old woman because he ______.
A.shut off the meter by mistake
B.wanted to do her a favor
C.had received her payment in advance
D.was in a hurry to take other passengers
3.What can be inferred from the story?
A.Giving is always a pleasure.
B.People should respect the old.
C.People should learn to appreciate others’ concern.
D.An act of kindness can bring people great joy.
Inspiration
“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my _______took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was________to more, my interests in the world of dance________varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a________in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a_______; I became a member of the company________back to 1925.
As I look back on that day now, it surely________any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief _____I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day. I never actually________to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely_______. I remember shaking with excitement.
Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of_______. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to________up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme________to detail (细节) and stress on practice that set us_______. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals________a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new________of the words “hard work.” What I thought were my physical________were pushed much further than I thought_______. I learned to make each performance better than the last.
Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great________of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a________that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.
1.A.fashion B.dream C.plan D.hobby
2.A.extended B.expanded C.escaped D.exposed
3.A.certainly B.rarely C.presently D.consistently
4.A.engineer B.dancer C.director D.trainer
5.A.truth B.symbol C.reality D.memory
6.A.tracking B.bouncing C.dating D.turning
7.A.makes B.adds C.brings D.lacks
8.A.while B.until C.since D.once
9.A.expected B.suspected C.challenged D.decided
10.A.motivated B.relaxed C.astonished D.convinced
11.A.profits B.challenges C.advantages D.adventures
12.A.pick B.mix C.build D.put
13.A.adaptation B.association C.attraction D.attention
14.A.back B.aside C.off D.apart
15.A.with B.by C.over D.beyond
16.A.function B.expression C.meaning D.reward
17.A.confidence B.boundaries C.barriers D.efforts
18.A.possible B.perfect C.convenient D.essential
19.A.talent B.responsibility C.honor D.potential
20.A.victory B.trend C.desire D.tradition
