Though cell-phones are usually considered devices that connect people, they may make users less socially minded, which is found by a recent study from the University of Maryland’s Robert H. Smith School of Business.
Marketing professors Anastasiya Pocheptsova and Rosellina Ferraro, with graduate student, Ajay T.Abraham, conducted a series of experiments on test groups of cellphone users. The findings appear in their working paper, The Effect of Mobile Phone Use on Prosocial Behavior. Prosocial behavior, as defined in their report, is action intended to benefit another person or society as a whole.
The researchers found that after a short period of cellphone use the subjects were less likely to volunteer for a community service activity, compared to the control-group（对照组）. The cell phone users were also less persistent in solving word problems even though they knew their answers would contribute to a monetary（货币的）donation to charity.
The study involved separate groups of college student subjects - both men and women and generally in their early 20s. "We would expect similar effects with people from other age groups," said Ferraro. "Considering the popularity of cellphones, it does have the potential to have wide social effects."
The researchers use previous research to explain the cause of their findings: "The cellphone directly arouses feelings of connection with others, thus fulfilling the basic social need to belong." This results in reducing one’s desire to connect with others face-to-face or to engage in empathic (同情的) and prosocial behavior.
The study also distinguished its subjects from users of other social media — Facebook users — in one of the tests. The researchers found that participants felt more connected to others because of their cell-phones than because of their Facebook accounts, suggesting that this difference in connectedness was the underlying cause of the observed phenomenon.
1.A person will conduct prosocial behavior when he ____.
A.is closely connected to his friends.
B.uses the cellphone for a period of time
C.takes part in community service
D.uses the cell phone a lot
2.What makes Facebook users different from cellphone users?
A.Different accounts.
B.Different purposes.
C.Different human needs.
D.The difference in connection.
3.Compared with cell phone users, Facebook users probably _____.
A.have a lot more friends
B.feel more connected to their friends
C.don’t like to engage in prosocial behavior at all
D.are more likely to engage in prosocial behavior
4.Which could be the best title for the passage?
A.Cell Phone Use Has Broad Social Effects
B.Cell Phone Use Leads to Prosocial behavior
C.Cell Phone Use Is Linked to Selfish Behavior
D.The Harmful Effect of Cell Phone Use
Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are _______. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to _______it. Creativity isn’t always _______with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time _______think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you.
Making connections. This technique involves taking _______ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words _______with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the _______to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original _______; you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night.
NO limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t _______. You have as much time /space / money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new ________. If your goal is to learn to ski, ________, you can now practise skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now ________ this to reality. Maybe you can practise skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January.
Be someone else! Look at the situation from a ________point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the ________in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want? Why can’t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their ________. The best fishermen think like fish!
1.A.wrong B.unbelievable C.reasonable D.realistic
2.A.put up with B.catch up with C.make use of D.keep track of
3.A.equipped B.compared C.covered D.connected
4.A.skillfully B.routinely C.vividly D.deeply
5.A.familiar B.unrelated C.creative D.imaginary
6.A.presented B.marked C.lit D.associated
7.A.ideas B.ambitions C.achievement D.technique
8.A.experience B.service C.present D.object
9.A.work B.last C.exist D.change
10.A.possibilities B.limitations C.tendency D.practice
11.A.in fact B.in particular C.as a whole D.for example
12.A.devote B.adapt C.lead D.keep
13.A.private B.global C.different D.practical
14.A.features B.themes C.creatures D.characters
15.A.positions B.dreams C.images D.directions
Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Laugh and the world laughs with you. Even 1.（good）, you might live longer, an American researcher reports.
“Adults who have a sense of humor live longer than 2. who don’t find life funny, and the survival edge is particularly large for people 3. cancer,” says Richard Smith of the Columbia University of Science and Technology.
He 4.（present）his study of about 54,000 Americans, 5. he had followed for seven years, at the American Psychosomatic Society meeting last Monday.
At the start, patients filled out questionnaires on 6. easily they found humor in real-life situations and how important a humorous idea was. The study showed next the greater role humor played in their lives, 7. greater their chances were in 8.（survive）the seven years. Adult scoring in the top one-quarter for humor appreciation were 35% more likely 9.（be）alive than those in the bottom quarter. In a smaller group of 2,015 people who had a cancer diagnosis(诊断) at the start, the study found 10. important that a great sense of humor cut the chances of dying by about 70%.
假定你是李华，China Daily正在征集一封英文感谢信，以致敬奋战在抗击新型冠状 病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，请你代表学校写一封信投稿，要点如下：
1. 表达感激；
2. 个人感受；
3. 表达信心。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语和结束语己为你写好。
参考词汇：流行病epidemic 新型冠状病毒novel coronavirus
Dear Medical workers,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文 中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The world is quickly realizing what much it depends on China. Apple is worried about its supply chains. Ikea is closing their stores and paying staff members when they staying home. Starbucks is warned for a financial blow by some authorities. The coronavirus has virtually shut down one of the world's most important growth engine. Desperate to slow the fast-moving virus, the Chinese authorities had extended the country's national holiday, and crippled land, rail or air transport. The full extent of the hit to the broader business world is not yet clearly. "Our the members are dealing with the present trouble,”saying the senior vice president of the US-China Business Council, Jake Parker.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese Doctor Who Beat the Plague (鼠疫)
In October 1910, 1. mysterious illness appeared in the city of Manzhouli, 2. the Russian and Chinese border. It spread swiftly, killing 99.9% of its victims.
The Qing Imperial court had sent Malayan-born, Cambridge-educated Dr. Wu Lien-teh north to stop the epidemic (流行病) 3. it spread to the rest of the empire.
Dr. Wu set up special quarantine (隔离) units and ordered blockades to stop 4. (infect) persons from traveling and spreading the disease. He had teams 5. (check) households for possible cases, and even managed to convince Russian and Japanese authorities to 6. (complete) close the railways in the early weeks of 1911.
The pneumonic plague outbreak of 1910-1911 lasted nearly four months, 7. (affect) five provinces and six major cities and accounted for over 60,000 deaths. It is clear that without the brave and decisive action taken by Dr. Wu it could have been much 8. (bad).
If the epidemic 9. (go) unchecked, allowing holiday rail passengers to spread the disease to the rest of China, it could have meant a catastrophic loss of life and possibly caused a global health crisis.
For a time, Dr. Wu was the world’s most famous plague 10. (fight).
