A strict vegetarian is a person who never in his life eats anything derived from animals. The main objection to vegetarianism on a long-term basis is the difficulty of getting enough protein, the body building elements in food. If you have ever been without meat or animal foods for some days or weeds (say, for religious reasons) you will have noticed that you tend to get physically rather weak. You are glad when the fast is over and you get your reward of a succulent meat meal.
Proteins are built up from approximately twenty food elements called “amino-acids”, which are found more abundantly in animal protein than in vegetable protein. This means you have to eat a great deal more vegetable than animal food in order to get enough of these amino-acids. A great deal of the vegetable food goes to waste in this process and from the physiological point of view there is not much to be said in favor of life-long vegetarianism.
The economic side of the question, though, must be considered. Vegetable food is much cheaper than animal food. However, since only a small proportion of tae vegetable protein is useful for body-building purposes, a consistent vegetarian, if he is to gain the necessary 70 grams of protein a day, has to consume a greater bulk of food than his digestive organs can comfortably deal with. In fairness, though, it must be pointed out that vegetarians claim they need far less than 70 grams of protein a day.
Whether or not vegetarianism should be advocated for adults, it is definitely unsatisfactory for growing children, who need more protein than they can get from vegetable sources.
A lacto-vegetarian diet, which includes milk and milk products such as cheese, can, however, be satisfactory as long as enough milk and milk products are consumed.
Meat and cheese are the best sources of usable digestible and next come milk, fish and eggs. Slow and careful cooking of meat makes it more digestible and assists in the breaking down of the protein content by the body. When cooking vegetables, however, the vitamins, and in particular the water-soluble vitamin C, should be lost through overcooking.
1.A vegetarian is a person who _____.
A.eats the meat of animals only B.eats the vegetable only
C.drinks milk only D.eat nothing at all
2.Compared with vegetable food, animal food contains ____.
A.more proteins B.more nutrients
C.more minerals D.more amino-acids
3.Which“fast”in the following sentences has the most similar meaning to the underlined word“fast”（in Para.1）?
A.Johnny ran off as fast as his legs could carry him.
B.Gandhi drank some orange juice to break his three-week fast.
C.I always keep my watch 15 minutes fast.
D.The rainforests are being chopped down at an alarmingly fast rate.
4.From the passage, we know that _____.
A.to gain enough protein, one must consume much more vegetable food than animal food
B.cooking vegetables for long time makes it more digestible
C.milk is the best source of usable animal protein
D.the most common deficiencies in Western diets are those of vitamins
5.Which of the following best reflects the author’s attitude?
A.Vegetarianism is not good for one’s health.
B.Vegetarianism should be advocated for adults.
C.A lacto-vegetarian diet is the best as it provides adequate nutrition.
D.One should have a well-balanced diet containing elements of all foods.
Enter for a chances to win a Montana adventure
Imagine yourself hiking on the same route that Lewis and Clark once explored, fly fishing and whitewater rafting（激浪漂流）in beautiful lakes and rivers, learning how to speak Blackfeet, digging for ancient dinosaur remains, and standing at the edge of a 6,000-year-old glacier（冰川）in Glacier National Park. You have the chance to do all of this and much more with the National Geographic Kids Hands-On Explorer Challenge Expedition Team. The Hands-On Explorer Challenge is heading west in 2016 to Montana.
HIKE!
Montana is home to many species of plants and animals. Follow in the footsteps of legendary explorers and get a close-up view of waterfalls, wildflowers, and wildlife.
DIG!
Some of the most important dinosaur discoveries have been found in Montana. You’ll discover treasures yourself as you dig for ancient dinosaur remains in Montana’s High Plains.
CULTURE!
Montana has eleven Native American tribes (部落)―each one filled with a unique heritage (遗产) and lots of rich traditions. View the world as they see it through their dances, songs, food, games and languages.
HOW TO ENTER
1. Write an original, personal essay in English of no more than 300 words telling us how you explore your world and what it is about exploration that inspires and excites you.
2. Take a photograph of what, where, or how you explored the subject of your essay.
3. Enter by January 7, 2016. Open to kids who will be ages 9—14.
4. Send your entry (参赛) form essay, and photo (as described in the Official Rules) to: NG Kids Hands-On Explorer Challenge National Geographic Kids magazine /CDH 1145 17th Street NW Washington DC 20036. FOR MORE INFORMATION GO TO KIDS. NATIONALGEOGRAPHIC.COM/KIDS/CONTESTS/EXPLORER- TRIP-2016.
1.What is true about Montana?
A.It has many elephant discoveries.
B.It is Lewis and Clark’s hometown.
C.It is home to many species of plants and animals.
D.Its Native American tribes share the same culture.
2.If you want to enter the contest you must ___.
A.be over 14 years old B.send a photo with your essay
C.have rich exploration experience D.write an English article over 300 words
3.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To announce a kid competition. B.To describe Montana’s scenery.
C.To provide travel information. D.To suggest some outdoor activities.
Though cell-phones are usually considered devices that connect people, they may make users less socially minded, which is found by a recent study from the University of Maryland’s Robert H. Smith School of Business.
Marketing professors Anastasiya Pocheptsova and Rosellina Ferraro, with graduate student, Ajay T.Abraham, conducted a series of experiments on test groups of cellphone users. The findings appear in their working paper, The Effect of Mobile Phone Use on Prosocial Behavior. Prosocial behavior, as defined in their report, is action intended to benefit another person or society as a whole.
The researchers found that after a short period of cellphone use the subjects were less likely to volunteer for a community service activity, compared to the control-group（对照组）. The cell phone users were also less persistent in solving word problems even though they knew their answers would contribute to a monetary（货币的）donation to charity.
The study involved separate groups of college student subjects - both men and women and generally in their early 20s. "We would expect similar effects with people from other age groups," said Ferraro. "Considering the popularity of cellphones, it does have the potential to have wide social effects."
The researchers use previous research to explain the cause of their findings: "The cellphone directly arouses feelings of connection with others, thus fulfilling the basic social need to belong." This results in reducing one’s desire to connect with others face-to-face or to engage in empathic (同情的) and prosocial behavior.
The study also distinguished its subjects from users of other social media — Facebook users — in one of the tests. The researchers found that participants felt more connected to others because of their cell-phones than because of their Facebook accounts, suggesting that this difference in connectedness was the underlying cause of the observed phenomenon.
1.A person will conduct prosocial behavior when he ____.
A.is closely connected to his friends.
B.uses the cellphone for a period of time
C.takes part in community service
D.uses the cell phone a lot
2.What makes Facebook users different from cellphone users?
A.Different accounts.
B.Different purposes.
C.Different human needs.
D.The difference in connection.
3.Compared with cell phone users, Facebook users probably _____.
A.have a lot more friends
B.feel more connected to their friends
C.don’t like to engage in prosocial behavior at all
D.are more likely to engage in prosocial behavior
4.Which could be the best title for the passage?
A.Cell Phone Use Has Broad Social Effects
B.Cell Phone Use Leads to Prosocial behavior
C.Cell Phone Use Is Linked to Selfish Behavior
D.The Harmful Effect of Cell Phone Use
Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are _______. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to _______it. Creativity isn’t always _______with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time _______think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you.
Making connections. This technique involves taking _______ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words _______with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the _______to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original _______; you could buy him tickets to match or take him out for the night.
NO limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t _______. You have as much time /space / money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new ________. If your goal is to learn to ski, ________, you can now practise skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money). Now ________ this to reality. Maybe you can practise skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January.
Be someone else! Look at the situation from a ________point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the ________in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want? Why can’t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their ________. The best fishermen think like fish!
1.A.wrong B.unbelievable C.reasonable D.realistic
2.A.put up with B.catch up with C.make use of D.keep track of
3.A.equipped B.compared C.covered D.connected
4.A.skillfully B.routinely C.vividly D.deeply
5.A.familiar B.unrelated C.creative D.imaginary
6.A.presented B.marked C.lit D.associated
7.A.ideas B.ambitions C.achievement D.technique
8.A.experience B.service C.present D.object
9.A.work B.last C.exist D.change
10.A.possibilities B.limitations C.tendency D.practice
11.A.in fact B.in particular C.as a whole D.for example
12.A.devote B.adapt C.lead D.keep
13.A.private B.global C.different D.practical
14.A.features B.themes C.creatures D.characters
15.A.positions B.dreams C.images D.directions
Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Laugh and the world laughs with you. Even 1.（good）, you might live longer, an American researcher reports.
“Adults who have a sense of humor live longer than 2. who don’t find life funny, and the survival edge is particularly large for people 3. cancer,” says Richard Smith of the Columbia University of Science and Technology.
He 4.（present）his study of about 54,000 Americans, 5. he had followed for seven years, at the American Psychosomatic Society meeting last Monday.
At the start, patients filled out questionnaires on 6. easily they found humor in real-life situations and how important a humorous idea was. The study showed next the greater role humor played in their lives, 7. greater their chances were in 8.（survive）the seven years. Adult scoring in the top one-quarter for humor appreciation were 35% more likely 9.（be）alive than those in the bottom quarter. In a smaller group of 2,015 people who had a cancer diagnosis(诊断) at the start, the study found 10. important that a great sense of humor cut the chances of dying by about 70%.
假定你是李华，China Daily正在征集一封英文感谢信，以致敬奋战在抗击新型冠状 病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，请你代表学校写一封信投稿，要点如下：
1. 表达感激；
2. 个人感受；
3. 表达信心。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语和结束语己为你写好。
参考词汇：流行病epidemic 新型冠状病毒novel coronavirus
Dear Medical workers,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
