Question

    From the moment you open your eyes in the morning, you can feel sweat running down your body, even if you' re barely moving at all. That's what most people in China felt like this summer. In fact, the entire northern hemisphere(半球)saw high temperatures in July.

The Arctic Circle was no exception(例外). Temperatures in the city of Norilsk, which is in the Arctic Circle, reached a record high of 32 ℃, The Atlantic reported. Temperatures there are usually just 10 ℃ at this time of the year.

The heat wave in the Arctic is mainly a long-term result of global warming, according to the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences. In fact, while the whole world is getting warmer, the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. This is called the polar amplification effect (极地放大效应).

The most direct impact of Arctic warming is the melting of Arctic ice. According to NASA, Arctic sea ice is now disappearing at a rate of 13.2 percent every 10 years. NASA said that if this continues, the Arctic will have no ice by the year 2040.

This has put some Arctic animals, like polar bears, in danger. The ice that the bears live on has shrunk(缩小), the Toronto Star reported.

Melting ice can also cause sea levels to rise in the long term. Since 1993, sea levels have risen at a rate of 3.2 cm every 10 years, the Guardian reported. Some countries, such as Tuvalu(图瓦鲁) in the South Pacific Ocean and Maldives(马尔代夫) in the Indian Ocean, are at risk of disappearing into the sea.

1.Which of the following is true?

A.Some countries in the ocean will disappear in 10 years.

B.China is the hottest in the northern hemisphere this summer.

C.The world gets warmer because of the heat wave in the Arctic.

D.The temperatures in Norilsk used to be lower than this summer.

2.What does the underlined word "this" in the third paragraph refer to?

A.The heat wave in the Arctic.

B.The result of global warming.

C.The Arctic getting warm faster.

D.Getting warmer in the world.

3.What may be the result of the melting of Arctic ice?

A.The polar will become dangerous.

B.There will be an end of water shortage.

C.Sea levels rise in the long term.

D.There will be no ice in the world by 2040.

4.What is the main idea of this passage?

A.Heat hits Arctic.

B.Arctic animals are in danger.

C.The world became hotter than before.

D.Some countries may disappear into the sea.

Answer

1.D

2.C

3.C

4.A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。北极圈的温度升高，而这主要是受全球变暖的影响。温度的上升会导致冰川的融化，冰川的融化会影响动物如北极熊的生存以及从长远来看会导致海平面上升。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段Temperatures in the city of Norilsk, which is in the Arctic Circle, reached a record high of 32 ℃, The Atlantic reported. Temperatures there are usually just 10 ℃ at this time of the year.可知Norilsk(诺里尔斯克)的温度达到了创纪录的32℃。 而这里这个时候的温度通常只有10℃。也就是Norilsk的温度过去比这个夏天（的温度）低。故选D项。

2.词义猜测题。根据In fact, while the whole world is getting warmer, the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. This is called the polar amplification effect.可知当整个世界变暖时，北极圈变暖的速度是地球其他地方的两倍。这就叫极地放大效应。根据上下文，可知this指的就是北极圈变暖速度更快这件事，故选C项。

3.推理判断题。根据Melting ice can also cause sea levels to rise in the long term.可知从长远来看，融化的冰也可能导致海平面上升。所以北极冰层的融化可能会导致海平面上升。故选C项。

4.主旨大意题。本文主要讲了北极圈的温度升高以及会带来的影响：温度的上升会导致冰川的融化，冰川的融化会影响动物如北极熊的生存以及从长远来看会导致海平面上升。故选A项。