Question

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Monkeys do not like it when others get more food 1. they do, according to a new study.

Researchers from Yale and Harvard universities found Capuchin monkeys punish monkeys 2. get more food. "This sort of, 'If I can't have it, no one can' response is because 3. psychological spite (怨恨), and it was4. (previous) thought unique to humans," said Kristin Leimgruber of Harvard University. She is a co-author of the research study. The researchers watched as some Capuchin monkeys 5. (give) more food than others. They found that monkeys getting the 6. (small) share pulled a rope to fold up a table holding the other monkey's bigger share.

Another lead researcher, Laurie Santas, 7. (explain) over email, "I think what we can conclude about humans is that some of our more embarrassing tendencies have relatively deep 8. (root)." Santos said the spiteful response was not present with another member of the ape species—chimpanzees(黑猩猩).

An earlier study, she said, showed chimpanzees would fold up the table of other chimpanzees 9. (steal) food from them. But they would not punish chimpanzees who just happened 10. (have) more food, Santos said. In other words, it was fine if another chimpanzee had more food as long as they did not steal it.

Answer

1.than

2.that / which/ who

3.of

4.previously

5.were given

6.smaller

7.explained

8.roots

9.stealing

10.to have

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了猴子和猩猩与人类之间的相似之处。它们会和人类一样有嫉妒心，当另外的一只猴子得到更多的食物时，它就会生气嫉妒；当别的猴子抢了或者偷了别人的东西，那只猴子就会暴跳如雷。

1.考查连词。句意：根据一项新的研究，猴子不喜欢别的猴子得到的食物比他们多。根据比较级more，可知填than。

2.考查定语从句。句意：耶鲁大学和哈佛大学的研究人员发现卷尾猴惩罚获得食物多的猴子。本句为定语从句修饰先行词monkeys，且先行词在从句中作主语，monkey既可以用来表示指人，用关系代词who，也可以表示指动物，填关系代词that/which。故填关系代词that / which/ who。

3.考查固定短语。句意：这种，如果我不能拥有，别人也不能的反应是因为心理嫉恨。because of固定短语，“因为”，故填of。

4.考查副词。句意：这一点，在以前被认为是人类所独有的。副词修饰谓语动词作状语，故填previously。

5.考查时态语态。句意：当一些卷尾猴被给予比其他卷尾猴更多食物时，研究人员做了观察。根据主句的谓语动词watched 可知宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时，结合句意可知用被动语态，故填were given。

6.考查形容词。句意：他们发现得到较小份额食物的猴子将会用一根绳子拽翻放着其他猴子的较大份额食物的桌子。根据下文中的bigger，可知此处用比较级，故填smaller。

7.考查时态。句意：另一位首席研究员，Laurie Santas通过电子邮件来解释这一现象。事情已经发生，用一般过去时，故填explained。

8.考查名词，句意：我认为我们可以得出关于人类的结论，我们的一些比较尴尬的倾向拥有相对深厚的根基。root是可数名词，此处用复数形式作宾语，故填roots 。

9.考查非谓语动词。句意：她说早先的研究中表明黑猩猩会破坏其他偷走它们食物的黑猩猩的桌子。此处现在分词作定语，与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故填stealing。

10.考查固定短语。句意：但是它们不会惩罚那些恰巧比它们拥有更多食物的黑猩猩。happen to do固定短语，“碰巧做.....”，故填to have。