阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Why does autumn have two names? According to Merriam-Webster, “autumn” appeared first in English in the 1300s, coming from the Lation word “autumnus”. “Autumn” caught on quickly, likely because it replaced the 1. (origin) name—”harvest”. As you might imagine, when crops were collected from the fields, calling the season “harvest” might make people 2. (confuse) because “harvest” is also the name for the act 3. (it).
So “autumn” appeared instead of “harvest”. Then the term, “autumn”, 4. was referred to the season between summer and winter, lasted for a couple of 5. (century). “Fall” as a name for the season came about sometime in the 1500s, a shortened version of the very poetic phrase for “the fall of leaves”. The English phrase had true meaning of the season without leading 6. any confusion. Not even a century later, the phrase became a simple word: fall.
Around this same time, the English language was traveling across the globe as Britain expanded, and it was 7. (go) through some changes, as many languages did. This was 8. (particular) true in the American colonies (殖民地). Some English words changed in the US, whether in terms of spelling 9. in terms of general usage. In the mid-1800s, British and American English speakers further developed in different ways and “fall” was the common word for “autumn” in the US, while autumn 10. (regard) as the word for fall in England.
On Saturday, Juliet and Darcy, 17-year-old friends, were enjoying sunshine at Furness Park when they noticed a man fall down on the sidewalk. They hurried to ________ the man.
Darcy felt ________ he was going to die in front of them. She took a closer ________. Then she observed his chest not going up and down, which meant he wasn’t ________.
The girls knew they needed to ________ help. While Darcy stayed with the ________ man, Juliet ran to nearby homes and began ringing doorbells, but no one ________. “I am really afraid he is going to die without help,” Darcy said ________.
Juliet continued to run for help. She finally found some men fixing a car and told them the ________. But they didn’t ________ what the girl said at first. They asked, “Is what you said a joke?” And she answered, “No, call 911 right now.”
The repairmen got it and then ________ CPR (心肺复苏术) on the unconscious man until doctors arrived and used a defibrillator (电击器) to restart his ________. Doctors said the man was in critical condition and should be ________ to hospital.
A doctor said, “To their ________, the two girls take fast action which is called ‘a chain of survival’, which can save the ________ of a patient in a dangerous situation.”
“What the two girls did was quite ________,” said another doctor. “They jumped into action to try to save a(n) ________, and they didn’t give up until that task was ________.” But doctors didn’t get the girls’ names at that time, so they launched a(n) ________ to the public to find them.
Finally, the two girls were found and praised for helping save a man’s life on the weekend. “We were brave,” Darcy said. “We got a bit scared in the beginning, but later we realized ________ won’t help the man.”
1.A.recognize B.applaud C.aid D.seize
2.A.confused B.terrified C.pleased D.curious
3.A.walk B.try C.chat D.look
4.A.bleeding B.breathing C.starving D.choking
5.A.forbid B.appreciate C.quit D.seek
6.A.unconscious B.familiar C.absent-minded D.ragged
7.A.enquired B.remembered C.answered D.succeeded
8.A.anxiously B.occasionally C.eagerly D.merrily
9.A.consequence B.emergency C.concept D.mystery
10.A.believe B.hear C.doubt D.interrupt
11.A.searched for B.put off C.carried out D.broke down
12.A.hands B.stomach C.feet D.heart
13.A.rushed B.admitted C.persuaded D.guided
14.A.disappointment B.credit C.annoyance D.horror
15.A.reputation B.prospect C.life D.honor
16.A.embarrassing B.amazing C.contradictory D.abstract
17.A.acquaintance B.colleague C.stranger D.relative
18.A.received B.presented C.claimed D.accomplished
19.A.appeal B.comment C.attempt D.apology
20.A.prejudice B.regret C.offence D.panic
How do you react to challenges? Do you run and hide, or do you face them with your head held high? Having confidence in yourself can give you power to face challenges and succeed in the following two aspects of life.
1.
Everyone knows that looking confident during a job interview will help you get the job. Confidence actually can help you in your career. In other words, if you think you’ll succeed in your workplace, it’s more likely that you will succeed one day.
Social skills
Being sure of yourself can also 1nake you feel calm when meeting new people. You’ll be less afraid of rejection, so you’ll be free to be yourself. 2.. Your nice image will make them more willing to interact with you.
But how to develop your confidence?
● 3.. Make a list of your strengths and weaknesses。 Being confident doesn’t mean you have to be blind to problems you have。 But you want balance. Be sure to think of a strength for every weakness you write down.
● Set goals. Make some goals for your daily tasks. If you could accomplish anything in life, what would it be? Think big but also think smal1. 4.. Some of your goals can involve improving the weaknesses you listed. Then you’ll have one reason fewer to doubt yourself.
● Look your best. Taking a little time to make yourself look good will help you have a positive attitude.
● Stand up straight, smile and look people in the eye. 5..
Having confidence in yourself takes some effort, but it brings great benefits.
A. Know yourself
B. Professional performance
C. It’s difficult to build up confidence
D. That makes it easier to make a good impression
E. Write down the problems you often come across in school life
F. Even getting something small done will give you confidence to achieve more goals
G. Act confidently, it won’t be long before your feelings follow the three kinds of behaviors
Fancy your own satellite? Arizona State University is working towards making this a reality with its SunCube FemtoSat project. Smaller than a standard CubeSat, the low-cast student-designed spacecraft is aimed at providing greater access to space for scientists and hobbyists alike.
Assistant professor Jekan Thanga and a team of students have been developing the SunCube FemtoSat for the past two years. The small 3×3×3cm cube weighs in at just 35g and a longer (3×3×9cm, 100g) model has also been designed, which includes storage space.
Each SunCube FemtoSat has its own communication, data collection and propulsion (推进) systems and is powered by solar panels. It is made of off-the-shelf parts that are available in shops, and the energy-efficient solar panels are cut from scrap (碎片), which makes it save energy, sold at a discount by manufacturers. “With a spacecraft of this size, any university can do it,” says Thanga. “That’s part of our major goal—space discovery for everybody.”
The team says that while launching your own satellite would usually cost between US $ 60,000-70,000 per kilo, it would only cost $ 1,000 to send a SunCube FemtoSat to the International Space Station, and $ 3,000 to send it into low earth orbit. Leaving the earth’s gravity would cost an estimated $ 27,000.
The FemtoSat would be packed with a “jack in the box” style system that matches standard CubeSat sizes (around 10 cubic cm), simplifying the process of getting the tiny satellite into orbit. NASA has sent 30 CubeSats into space over the last years, with another 50 awaiting launch.
Thanga and his staff view the FemtoSat as a starting point for scientists and students, and even hope the device could be bought on the website like Amazon one day. Thanga imagines developing four main applications for the device, including hands-on testing experiences for students, and artificial gravity experiments. In addition, groups of SunCube FemtoSats could eventually be able to do the job of larger spacecraft at a vastly discounted cost.
1.What is the major goal of the SunCube FemtoSat project?
A.To act on teaching in outer space. B.To provide access to spacecraft design.
C.To help carry out a classroom experiment. D.To help average individuals explore space.
2.What is special about SunCube FemtoSats?
A.They are of the same size. B.They are energy-efficient.
C.They are mainly designed for lab use. D.They are mainly used to collect information.
3.What does Thanga expect of SunCube FemtoSats?
A.They’ll be available online. B.They’ll be provided for free.
C.They’ll match the size of CubeSats. D.They’ll be sent into space with CubeSats.
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A.FemtoSats Will Rule Space B.Your Own Satellite Is Coming
C.Going into Space Has Been Afforable D.You can Design Your Own Spacecraft
Pycnandra acuminate (喜树) is a rare tree native to New Caledonia that has the rare ability to collect heavy metals like nickel (镍) from the ground. The liquid circulated in its body is blue-green and reportedly contains up to 25% nickel.
In general, trees and heavy metals like nickel don’t really go well together. But Pycnandra acuminata make them live together. And that’s what makes Pycnandra acuminata so special. It sucks out normally poisonous levels of heavy metals from the soil and store them in its trunk, leaves and seeds.
The evolution of Pycnandra acuminate is believed to have occurred over millions of years, but scientists have yet to identify a universal principle of nickel intake and storage. The reason why such trees have formed the way of absorbing metals is also up for debate.
The most popular theory states that the concentration of nickel protects such trees from leaf-chewing insects. And studies have shown that nickel accumulated by these trees indeed harms many insects though some have developed a high tolerance to it. Another theory says nickel has effects of resisting bacteria, which protects the trees from various diseases. However, these theories are all just theories.
One thing that has been proven is the ability of Pycnandra acurninata to clean the soil with poisonous materials caused by human activity. There’s also clear potential for collecting heavy materials like nickel in these kinds of soils that will bring a few profits by conventional ways of mining. People can collect minerals contained in such soils from the blue-green trees。
Unfortunately, Pycnandra acuminata is is recently in a bad situation. Human activity in forests of New Caledonia has made Pycnandra acuminata in danger. Consequently, probably fewer than several hundred trees of this kind have remained as a result of the reduction of our forests.
1.What do we know about Pycnandra acuminata?
A.It has a blue-green color due to metals collected.
B.It is able to collect some heavy metals from the ground.
C.It sucks out a great deal of poisonous underground water.
D.It tends to grow in the soil with plenty of poisonous liquid.
2.What do the theories in paragraph 4 say about Pycnandra acuminata?
A.It indeed protects many insects.
B.It stores most nickel in its roots.
C.It protects itself through the concentration of nickel.
D.It makes its surrounding plants suffer from diseases.
3.What does the author mainly want to express in the last paragraph?
A.Pycnandra acuminata is in danger.
B.Forests are to blame for the reduction of trees.
C.Forests are decreasing as a result of human activity.
D.Pycnandra acuminata is under the protection of people.
4.In which section of a magazine is this next most likely to appear?
A.Bacteria and disease. B.Health and life.
C.Fashion and entertainment. D.Man and nature.
Remember Vitainwater’s “free of rolling screen for a year” challenge that dared people to be free from smart phones for a whole year will win $ 100,000? Well, Elana Mugdan, a New York woman, has been into it for eight months, and just four months away from claiming grand prize.
Vitaminwater made news headlines last December when it announced its unique challenge. Thousands of people applied to be chosen as the perfect candidate to spend a year without touching their smart phones, but in the end, the only person who got to try and survive for an entire year without a handheld smart phone was Elana Mugdan, a 29-year-old fiction writer from Queens, New York. Eight months into the challenge, she claims it has been a free and eye-opening experience that shows her just how dependent she becomes on her smart phone. Even though there are times when she misses her handheld smart phone, she plans to go on living without it even after the challenge ends, because she really doesn’t want to go back to days when she abused it, wasted time, stayed up all hours of the night on it, and was obsessed with social media.
But not having access to her smart phone really made certain situations a lot harder than she could have imagined them before. “Many people did me a favor. However, once, I almost got stranded (滞留) in the SeaTac airport because the phone number I’d written down was wrong, and I had no way of referring to the right one, no way of calling a cab, and no one in the state who could help me,” the young writer said.
Another time, her car’s “check engine” light turned on while she was driving in an unfamiliar area at night. She couldn’t use her phone’s GPS location feature, r even check what the light meant on Google or find a nearby car repair shop. Still, she learned to overcome these situations. And now she claims the last eight months of phone-free life have been one of the best adventures of her life and that she’ll keep it for another four months.
1.What’s the challenge “free of rolling screen for a year”?
A.People free from smart phones can live a richer life.
B.People living a telephone-free life can be awarded every year.
C.People living without computers for a year will win grand prize.
D.People spending a year free from smart phones will get a reward.
2.Which phrase can replace the underlined part “obsessed with” in paragraph 2?
A.satisfied with B.accustomed to
C.addicted to D.popular with
3.What does Elana Mugdan mainly want to express in paragraph 3?
A.It’s fantastic to have someone to help her all the way.
B.It’s unimaginable to lose her phone number on the way.
C.It’s unnecessary to refer to information with a smart phone.
D.It’s difficult to get out of the trouble without a smart phone.
4.What can we learn about Elana Mudgan?
A.She couldn’t live without a smart phone.
B.She finds no one can help her in the adventure.
C.She has not won the grand $ 100,000 prize yet.
D.She used to use her smart phone to write fiction.
