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阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Why doe...

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Why does autumn have two names? According to Merriam-Webster, “autumn” appeared first in English in the 1300s, coming from the Lation word “autumnus”. “Autumn” caught on quickly, likely because it replaced the 1. (origin) name—”harvest”. As you might imagine, when crops were collected from the fields, calling the season “harvest” might make people 2. (confuse) because “harvest” is also the name for the act 3. (it).

So “autumn” appeared instead of “harvest”. Then the term, “autumn”, 4. was referred to the season between summer and winter, lasted for a couple of 5. (century). “Fall” as a name for the season came about sometime in the 1500s, a shortened version of the very poetic phrase for “the fall of leaves”. The English phrase had true meaning of the season without leading 6. any confusion. Not even a century later, the phrase became a simple word: fall.

Around this same time, the English language was traveling across the globe as Britain expanded, and it was 7. (go) through some changes, as many languages did. This was 8. (particular) true in the American colonies (殖民地). Some English words changed in the US, whether in terms of spelling 9. in terms of general usage. In the mid-1800s, British and American English speakers further developed in different ways and “fall” was the common word for “autumn” in the US, while autumn 10. (regard) as the word for fall in England.

 

1.original 2.confused 3.itself 4.which 5.centuries 6.to 7.going 8.particularly 9.or 10.was regarded 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。英文中“秋天”有两个名字。文章介绍了这两个名字的由来。 1.考查词性转换。句意:“Autumn”很快流行起来,可能是因为它取代了原来的名字“harvest”。根据空后的名词“name”,此处应该填入形容词original“最初的”作定语。故填. Original。 2.考查形容词。句意:你可以想象,当庄稼从地里收割时,把这个季节叫做“收获”可能会让人们感到困惑,因为“收获”也是这个行为本身的名字。形容词confused在此句中修饰人,意为“感到迷惑的”。故填confused。 3.考查代词。句意:你可以想象,当庄稼从地里收割时,把这个季节叫做“收获”可能会让人们感到困惑,因为“收获”也是这个行为本身的名字。反身代词itself在此处作“the act”的同位语。故填itself。 4.考查定语从句。此处“autumn”做先行词,指物,关系代词which在此处引导非限定性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 5.考查名词复数。根据空前的a couple of“几个”,修饰可数名词复数,故填centuries。 6.考查介词。句意:这个英语短语有这个季节的真正含义,没有引起任何混乱。lead to是固定短语,意为“导致”。故填to。 7.考查非谓语动词。句意:大约在同一时期,随着英国的扩张,英语也在全球范围内传播,和许多其他语言一样,英语也经历了一些变化。根据语境可知,此句应该用过去进行时,故填入现在分词going。 8.考查副词。副词particularly在此处修饰形容词“true”。particularly ture意为“特别真实”。故填particularly。 9.考查让步状语从句。根据句意和结构可知,“whether in terms of spelling or in terms of general usage”意为“无论是在拼写方面,还是是在一般用法方面”。“whether ... or”意为“无论……还是……”,引导让步状语从句。故填or。 10.考查一般过去时态的被动语态。根据上文中的时态,再结合autumn和regard是动宾关系可知,此处应该用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语是autumn,是单数第三人称。故填was regarded。
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    On Saturday, Juliet and Darcy, 17-year-old friends, were enjoying sunshine at Furness Park when they noticed a man fall down on the sidewalk. They hurried to ________ the man.

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The repairmen got it and then ________ CPR (心肺复苏术) on the unconscious man until doctors arrived and used a defibrillator (电击器) to restart his ________. Doctors said the man was in critical condition and should be ________ to hospital.

A doctor said, “To their ________, the two girls take fast action which is called ‘a chain of survival’, which can save the ________ of a patient in a dangerous situation.”

“What the two girls did was quite ________,” said another doctor. “They jumped into action to try to save a(n) ________, and they didn’t give up until that task was ________.” But doctors didn’t get the girls’ names at that time, so they launched a(n) ________ to the public to find them.

Finally, the two girls were found and praised for helping save a man’s life on the weekend. “We were brave,” Darcy said. “We got a bit scared in the beginning, but later we realized ________ won’t help the man.”

1.A.recognize B.applaud C.aid D.seize

2.A.confused B.terrified C.pleased D.curious

3.A.walk B.try C.chat D.look

4.A.bleeding B.breathing C.starving D.choking

5.A.forbid B.appreciate C.quit D.seek

6.A.unconscious B.familiar C.absent-minded D.ragged

7.A.enquired B.remembered C.answered D.succeeded

8.A.anxiously B.occasionally C.eagerly D.merrily

9.A.consequence B.emergency C.concept D.mystery

10.A.believe B.hear C.doubt D.interrupt

11.A.searched for B.put off C.carried out D.broke down

12.A.hands B.stomach C.feet D.heart

13.A.rushed B.admitted C.persuaded D.guided

14.A.disappointment B.credit C.annoyance D.horror

15.A.reputation B.prospect C.life D.honor

16.A.embarrassing B.amazing C.contradictory D.abstract

17.A.acquaintance B.colleague C.stranger D.relative

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20.A.prejudice B.regret C.offence D.panic

 

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Social skills

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● Stand up straight, smile and look people in the eye. 5..

Having confidence in yourself takes some effort, but it brings great benefits.

A. Know yourself

B. Professional performance

C. It’s difficult to build up confidence

D. That makes it easier to make a good impression

E. Write down the problems you often come across in school life

F. Even getting something small done will give you confidence to achieve more goals

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    Fancy your own satellite? Arizona State University is working towards making this a reality with its SunCube FemtoSat project. Smaller than a standard CubeSat, the low-cast student-designed spacecraft is aimed at providing greater access to space for scientists and hobbyists alike.

Assistant professor Jekan Thanga and a team of students have been developing the SunCube FemtoSat for the past two years. The small 3×3×3cm cube weighs in at just 35g and a longer (3×3×9cm, 100g) model has also been designed, which includes storage space.

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1.What is the major goal of the SunCube FemtoSat project?

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C.To help carry out a classroom experiment. D.To help average individuals explore space.

2.What is special about SunCube FemtoSats?

A.They are of the same size. B.They are energy-efficient.

C.They are mainly designed for lab use. D.They are mainly used to collect information.

3.What does Thanga expect of SunCube FemtoSats?

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C.They’ll match the size of CubeSats. D.They’ll be sent into space with CubeSats.

4.What can be the best title for the text?

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C.Going into Space Has Been Afforable D.You can Design Your Own Spacecraft

 

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    Pycnandra acuminate (喜树) is a rare tree native to New Caledonia that has the rare ability to collect heavy metals like nickel () from the ground. The liquid circulated in its body is blue-green and reportedly contains up to 25% nickel.

In general, trees and heavy metals like nickel don’t really go well together. But Pycnandra acuminata make them live together. And that’s what makes Pycnandra acuminata so special. It sucks out normally poisonous levels of heavy metals from the soil and store them in its trunk, leaves and seeds.

The evolution of Pycnandra acuminate is believed to have occurred over millions of years, but scientists have yet to identify a universal principle of nickel intake and storage. The reason why such trees have formed the way of absorbing metals is also up for debate.

The most popular theory states that the concentration of nickel protects such trees from leaf-chewing insects. And studies have shown that nickel accumulated by these trees indeed harms many insects though some have developed a high tolerance to it. Another theory says nickel has effects of resisting bacteria, which protects the trees from various diseases. However, these theories are all just theories.

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1.What do we know about Pycnandra acuminata?

A.It has a blue-green color due to metals collected.

B.It is able to collect some heavy metals from the ground.

C.It sucks out a great deal of poisonous underground water.

D.It tends to grow in the soil with plenty of poisonous liquid.

2.What do the theories in paragraph 4 say about Pycnandra acuminata?

A.It indeed protects many insects.

B.It stores most nickel in its roots.

C.It protects itself through the concentration of nickel.

D.It makes its surrounding plants suffer from diseases.

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A.Pycnandra acuminata is in danger.

B.Forests are to blame for the reduction of trees.

C.Forests are decreasing as a result of human activity.

D.Pycnandra acuminata is under the protection of people.

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    Remember Vitainwater’s “free of rolling screen for a year” challenge that dared people to be free from smart phones for a whole year will win $ 100,000? Well, Elana Mugdan, a New York woman, has been into it for eight months, and just four months away from claiming grand prize.

Vitaminwater made news headlines last December when it announced its unique challenge. Thousands of people applied to be chosen as the perfect candidate to spend a year without touching their smart phones, but in the end, the only person who got to try and survive for an entire year without a handheld smart phone was Elana Mugdan, a 29-year-old fiction writer from Queens, New York. Eight months into the challenge, she claims it has been a free and eye-opening experience that shows her just how dependent she becomes on her smart phone. Even though there are times when she misses her handheld smart phone, she plans to go on living without it even after the challenge ends, because she really doesn’t want to go back to days when she abused it, wasted time, stayed up all hours of the night on it, and was obsessed with social media.

But not having access to her smart phone really made certain situations a lot harder than she could have imagined them before. “Many people did me a favor. However, once, I almost got stranded (滞留) in the SeaTac airport because the phone number I’d written down was wrong, and I had no way of referring to the right one, no way of calling a cab, and no one in the state who could help me,” the young writer said.

Another time, her car’s “check engine” light turned on while she was driving in an unfamiliar area at night. She couldn’t use her phone’s GPS location feature, r even check what the light meant on Google or find a nearby car repair shop. Still, she learned to overcome these situations. And now she claims the last eight months of phone-free life have been one of the best adventures of her life and that she’ll keep it for another four months.

1.What’s the challenge “free of rolling screen for a year”?

A.People free from smart phones can live a richer life.

B.People living a telephone-free life can be awarded every year.

C.People living without computers for a year will win grand prize.

D.People spending a year free from smart phones will get a reward.

2.Which phrase can replace the underlined part “obsessed with” in paragraph 2?

A.satisfied with B.accustomed to

C.addicted to D.popular with

3.What does Elana Mugdan mainly want to express in paragraph 3?

A.It’s fantastic to have someone to help her all the way.

B.It’s unimaginable to lose her phone number on the way.

C.It’s unnecessary to refer to information with a smart phone.

D.It’s difficult to get out of the trouble without a smart phone.

4.What can we learn about Elana Mudgan?

A.She couldn’t live without a smart phone.

B.She finds no one can help her in the adventure.

C.She has not won the grand $ 100,000 prize yet.

D.She used to use her smart phone to write fiction.

 

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