阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’ve noticed many people having a cold, and it's not even officially fall yet. Why does the cold occur more frequently during the fall and winter 1. (month)? It’s actually not the cold weather 2. (it) that causes the cold. But rather, it is most likely to be caused by people spending 3. (much) time indoors close to each other, making the spread of germs (微生物) more readily. This is another reason 4. children in day care or school are more likely to pick up the cold.
When I worked in a doctor’s clinic a few years back, it was one of the 5. (lead) reasons to visit the doctor in fall and winter. 1 billion people suffer from the cold each year. As a result, school 6. (absent) is frequently reported, with around 22 million days annually.
How can you avoid getting a cold? Among the commonly 7. (recognize) tips, washing your hands is 8. most important one. The cold is spread either by directly touching infected (受感染的) secretions (分泌物), or by taking 9. the airborne particles (悬浮粒子). Also, cold and flu viruses get into the body via the eyes, noses, or mouth. So, 10. (try) to avoid touching your face, especially without first washing your hands.
On a December morning in 1951, Malone left his home in downtown St. John’s in Newfoundland, to buy some butter for his mother. When he _________ the corner to Central Street, he saw _________ coming from one of his three-storey houses. A woman at its window _________, “Save the children! Save the children!” Malone _________ toward the burning house, through the front door and up a flight of _________, where he found a five-year-old girl. “I grabbed (抓住) the child,” he says, “but she _________, ‘No, no, my sister! You’ve got to get my sister!’” Malone _________ felt compelled (必须) to cross the hall and check the other bedroom. He reached under the bed and found the girl’s _________, silent three-year-old _________. As the ____________ intensified (增强), Malone carried the children safely out to the street and the waiting people. Then he ____________ pushed off — he was late for ____________ the butter for his mom!
Over the years, Malone thought about the fire and the children he had ____________ and wondered what had happened to the girls.
Malone and his wife, Liz, spent four ____________ in Ontario until last October, when they ____________ to Newfoundland. The couple settled in Conception Bay South, 30 kilometers from St. John’s, in a house ____________ the water.
Shortly after they moved in, two of their new neighbors ____________ with a housewarming ____________ —frozen cod and salt fish. Malone and Liz invited Fowler and her husband in for a ____________, which is how Malone and Fowler, who are both in their seventies, ____________ a connection.
1.A.made B.got C.turned D.cut
2.A.fog B.smoke C.steam D.water
3.A.spoke B.whistled C.whispered D.yelled
4.A.raced B.drove C.flew D.jogged
5.A.roads B.stairs C.streams D.mountains
6.A.screamed B.relieved C.complained D.interrupted
7.A.temporarily B.originally C.properly D.suddenly
8.A.disappointed B.excited C.frightened D.calmed
9.A.sister B.baby C.cousin D.neighbor
10.A.sense B.flames C.relationship D.abilities
11.A.sympathetically B.selflessly C.roughly D.regretfully
12.A.lighting up B.taking up C.holding up D.picking up
13.A.met B.rescued C.raised D.recalled
14.A.years B.stages C.decades D.months
15.A.returned B.left C.immigrated D.contributed
16.A.storing B.obtaining C.refreshing D.overlooking
17.A.stopped by B.passed by C.stood by D.put by
18.A.party B.part C.image D.gift
19.A.ball B.check C.chat D.match
20.A.lost B.discovered C.advocated D.created
Are you one of the increasing number of students who are struggling for college education online? Follow these tips to help you be a successful online learner?
Many students assume that online classes require less work and are easier than traditional classes. 1.
Arrangement according to class schedule is important. Log on to your course according to the required schedule. Manage your time just as you would in a traditional course.
2.You may not be able to turn in papers, view videos, or participate in groups if you don't have the proper technology. Make sure that you have the proper Internet connection and software programs installed (安装).
During class, you are advised to be focused. Read and practice everything. 3.Don’t run through a course skipping videos, animations (动画), and ungraded self-assessment activities. Be comfortable communicating through text. Most communication in an online course occurs through the written word. Discussion board posts, written assignments, and email are all common modes of communication in online courses. 4. Be prepared to read and write a lot in online courses.
Remember to be active. If you have questions or don’t understand an assignment, tell your instructor. 5. Don’t wait until after you’ve turned in an assignment to let the instructor know that you have struggled. If you email or call the instructor before an assignment, quiz, or exam, you’ll prevent the struggle, and avoid having your grade suffer.
A.Go through every screen.
B.Online classes require less work
C.You’ll understand the instructor better.
D.Be sure you have the required software and hardware.
E.Your instructor can help you better if you tell him or her.
F.In reality, they’re designed just as demanding as traditional courses.
G.This is different from traditional classes, where a lot of communication is oral.
Plastic is the workhorse material of the modern economy (经济). Lightweight and durable, it’s been used to make a vast number of products since its introduction over 100 years ago.
However, a study carried out by the World Economic Forum, the Ellen MacArthur Foundation and McKinsey Company showed the status of the breakdown in the global plastic system. A full 32% of the 78 million tons of plastic packaging produced annually is left to flow into our oceans.
The Ocean Cleanup, a start-up founded in 2013, is the brainchild of Boyan Slat, who came up with the idea for the company when he was just 17 years old. Since then, it’s received more than $2 million in funding(基金). The company plans to use a large array (列阵) that will be fixed to the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. This will have arms that spread out over 100 km, getting all of the plastic garbage pushed into its nets. This is then collected by a 10,000-metre-cube container that will be emptied monthly.
Most recently, the Ocean Cleanup launched a team of explorers aboard a specially refitted C-130 Hercules aircraft heavily loaded with specialized sensor equipment. It discovered that the problem was worse than expected with an abundance of plastics measuring up to 1.5 m across and at a higher density than previously thought. The organization will continue to pilot the array and will start cleaning the pile before the end of the decade.
Once the plastic is out, what should we do with it? The foundation (基金会) hopes that the plastic from the ocean will have a commercial value which can help to fund the project. Ocean plastic is not easy to use, it’s mixed by nature consisting of everything from intact PET bottles to micro plastics. However, some of the world's biggest companies also see the chance to market oceans plastic products.
Transforming today’s plastics economy from its present form (take-make-waste) to a zero waste circular economy (take-make-take-make) is a difficult challenge. However, with cooperative action from producers, recyclers, governments and consumers alike and continuing innovation (革新) it can be done.
1.What’s Boyan Slat’s idea about?
A.A way to collect ocean plastic waste.
B.A new product made of ocean plastic.
C.A machine to recycle plastic garbage.
D.An organization to research into plastic.
2.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “density” in Paragraph 4?
A.Flexibility. B.Thickness.
C.Width. D.Strength.
3.What do some biggest companies expect of the ocean plastic?
A.It’ll be turned into treasure. B.It’ll sponsor the foundation.
C.It’ll cooperate with the government. D.It’ll take the form of take-make-waste.
4.Where is this text most likely from?
A.A diary. B.A guidebook.
C.A novel. D.A magazine
On winter, a fisherman — Jim Savage — was braving the freezing temperatures when he noticed a baby dolphin struggling to free herself from another fisherman’s traps — the netting. Jim spoke to her and she calmed down as he cut her free from the line. Seeing she was too tired to swim away, he called the Wildlife Conservation Commission and they rescued the dolphin, named her Winter and took her back to the center to get treatment.
Winter was placed in a holding tank and the team put a feeding tube in her throat. Soon, though, Winter learned how to eat from a bottle. But the line wrapping around Winter’s tail had caused her tail to fall off piece by piece. Eventually all that was left was a fleshy stump (残肢). Though Winter did eventually start to swim, she taught herself an entirely original way — to swing her tail stump from side to side like a fish.
She learned very well and learned how to trust and love the people who cared for her. And she made a new non-human friend — Panama, another rescued dolphin. The two became lifelong friends, completely inseparable.
But her trainers were worried, her original moving way prevented her from growing properly. Then Kevin Carroll, a dolphin lover and maker of prosthetic limbs (假肢) for people, stepped in. With a team of experts, vets, and trainers, Kevin developed a new tail for Winter. Winter was retrained to use the device (装置) to swim properly, but with lots of hard work she did it!
Word about the disabled dolphin got it and everyone could relate to the dolphin. Now she seems to connect with everyone - from adults with prostheses to a little girl who didn’t want to wear her hearing aid until she met Winter.
1.What made Winter calm down?
A.The netting.
B.Jim’s words.
C.The rescue team.
D.The new tail.
2.Why did Jim phone the Wildlife Conservation Commission?
A.To cure the baby dolphin.
B.To deal with the fishing net.
C.To rescue the other fisherman.
D.To look at the baby dolphin.
3.What made the trainers worried?
A.Winter’s relationship with Panama.
B.Winter’s popularity with visitors.
C.The effect of the damage on Winter.
D.Winter’s moving style like other dolphins.
4.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?
A.It’s beautiful.
B.It’s controversial.
C.It’s humorous.
D.It’s discouraging.
I’ve spent two decades observing what makes people lucky and trying to help people increase their luck. I teach entrepreneurship (社会学). We know many new enterprises fail, and innovators (创业者)need luck.
With my students, I spend much time encouraging them to get out of their comfort zone and take some risks. I do this myself all the time. About a dozen years ago, during a flight, I decided to take a little risk. I started a conversation with the man sitting next to me. I introduced myself, and I learned that he was a publisher. I learned all about the future of the publishing industry and we exchanged contact (联系) information. So about three quarters through the night, I decided to take another risk. I showed him a book plan I was doing in my class. Although he was very polite, he said it wasn’t right for us.
A couple of months later, I told him I was doing a project on transforming the book, the future of publishing and invited him to come to my class. So he gladly came to my class. We had a great experience. A few months later, I wrote to him again, sending a bunch of video clips (剪辑) from another project my students had made. He was so stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it. I was a little bit hurt, but it was all right. So I invited him and his colleagues to have lunch together. Later, one of his editors asked me if I had considered writing a book. And I pulled out the exact same plan I had showed his boss a year earlier. Within two years, my book had sold over a million copies.
1.We can infer from the author’s experience on the plane that .
A.the publisher was stricken by his book
B.that was his first experience by plane
C.the first risk during the night didn’t work out
D.the experience made him transform his book
2.Why did the author send the students’ video clips?
A.To have their book published. B.To help to increase his luck.
C.To assess their writing skills. D.To help them see their strength.
3.Which can be the best title for the passage?
A.Take the Lead B.Everything is Possible
C.Win in Danger D.Luck and Risk
4.What does the author think resulted in his luck?
A.Publishing books. B.A series of small risks.
C.Being turned down frequently. D.Meeting with the stranger on the plane.
