Question

    Anyone with a passing interest in their health will be able to rattle__off a few of the major vitamins, and possibly take an educated guess at what they do. Vitamin C, found in oranges and other fruit and vegetables, is important for wound repair. And the much－talked－about ‘sunshine’ Vitamin D, produced by the skin in response to UV light, is essential for strong bones.

But Vitamin P? It might well have you scratching your head. And that's not surprising: the term was first coined in the 1930s to describe a small group of compounds that provide pigment(天然色素) to plants, and were believed to have health benefits. Fast－forward almost a century and these compounds are now better known as flavonoids.

Today, scientists have identified between 4，000 and 6，000 different kinds and we now know they are responsible for many of the flavors and smells of fruit and vegetables and also that they protect them from invaders such as pests and bacteria.

They are equally important nutrients for the body, helping maintain bones and teeth, and for the production of the protein collagen(胶原), which provides structure to blood vessels, muscles and skin.

They are also said to help the body deal with some of the key drivers of illness, including oxidation(氧化), a natural process by which the body's cells age and can become damaged and defective(有缺陷的). That means they could help to protect against chronic diseases including cancer and heart disease.

1.Which of the following best explains “rattle off” underlined in Paragraph 1?

A.Quickly say. B.Quickly pass.

C.Quickly find. D.Quickly take.

2.What do we know about Vitamin P?

A.We would scratch our head if we took it.

B.It was made into a coin in the 1930s.

C.People didn't think it beneficial in the past.

D.It refers to the compounds also called flavonoids.

3.How many functions of Vitamin P for humans are mentioned?

A.Four. B.Three.

C.Two. D.One.

4.How does Vitamin P help slow the aging process?

A.By dealing with oxidation.

B.By maintaining bones.

C.By strengthening muscle.

D.By protecting against chronic diseases.

Answer

1.A

2.D

3.B

4.A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍维生素P以及它对人的作用。

1.词义猜测题。根据第一段中Anyone with a passing interest in their health will be able to rattle off a few of the major vitamins, and possibly take an educated guess at what they do. (任何对自己的健康稍有兴趣的人都能rattle of一些主要的维生素，并可能对他们的行为做出有根据的猜测)。根据后面的并列句“possibly take an educated guess at what they do（可能对它们的作用做出有根据的猜测）”可知，该句介绍人们对各种维生素的了解情况，选项中A“快速地说出”符合上下文语义的衔接，表示“能一口气说出几种主要的维生素”。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Fast－forward almost a century and these compounds are now better known as flavonoids.可知，关于维生素P我们知道它指的是也叫类黄酮的化合物。故选D。

3.推理判断题。根据第四段中They are equally important nutrients for the body, helping maintain bones and teeth, and for the production of the protein collagen(胶原), which provides structure to blood vessels, muscles and skin.和第五段第一句They are also said to help the body deal with some of the key drivers of illness, including oxidation(氧化),可知，它们对于身体同样重要，它们为身体提供营养价值，有助于维持骨骼和牙齿，也有助于产生蛋白质胶原蛋白，胶原蛋白为血管、肌肉和皮肤提供结构。因此维生素P对人体3个作用。故选B。

4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中They are also said to help the body deal with some of the key drivers of illness, including oxidation(氧化), a natural process by which the body's cells age and can become damaged and defective(有缺陷的).可知，据说它们还能帮助身体应对一些导致疾病的主要驱动因素，包括炎症和氧化。炎症和氧化是人体细胞老化的自然过程，会导致细胞受损和缺陷。因此推断维生素P通过氧化反应帮助延缓衰老过程。故选A。