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What will power your house in the future...

What will power your house in the future? Nuclear, wind, or solar power? According to scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US, it might be leaves – but man-made ones.

Natural leaves are able to change sunlight and water into energy. It is known as photosynthesis (光合作用). Now researchers have found a way to copy this seemingly simple process.

The man-made leaf developed by Daniel Nocera and his partners at MIT can be seen as a special chip with catalysts (催化剂). Similar to natural leaves, it can split water into hydrogen and oxygen when put into a bucket of water. The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuel cell (电池), which uses those two materials to produce electricity.

A man-made leaf is not a new idea. The first man-made leaf was invented in 1997 but was too expensive and changeable for practical use. The new leaf, on the contrary, is made of cheap materials, easy to use and highly stable. In laboratory studies, Nocera showed that a man-made leaf prototype (原型) could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activity.

The wonderful improvements come from Nocera’s recent discovery of several powerful, new, inexpensive catalysts. These catalysts make the energy change inside the leaf more efficient with water and sunlight. Right now, the new leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural one. Besides, the machine can run in whatever water is available; that is, it doesn’t need pure water. This is important for some countries that don’t have enough pure water.

With the goal to “make each home its own power station” and “giving energy to the poor”, scientists believe that the new machine could be widely used in developing countries, especially in India and rural China.

1.What will give power to our house in the future, according to MIT?

A. Man-made leaves.    B. Nuclear.

C. Solar power.    D. Wind.

2.Which of the following orders correctly shows how the man-made leaf is used to produce electricity?

a. man-made leaves split water into hydrogen and oxygen

b. the hydrogen and oxygen gases are stored in a fuel cell

c. the man-made leaves are put in water

d. the fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity

A. cbad.    B. bcad.

C. cabd.    D. cadb.

3.What does the underlined “stable” in the 4th paragraph mean?

A. Secure.    B. Powerful.

C. Unnatural.    D. Unchangeable.

4.The aim of the scientists at MIT in developing the new man-made leaves is to           .

A. build up more power stations in the world

B. provide cheaper energy for developing countries

C. offer people in developing countries access to pure water

D. gain a deeper understanding of the photosynthesis process

 

1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种未来能给我们提供能源的人造树叶,这种树叶会模仿光合作用把水分解成氢气和氧气,然后再发生反应来发电,可为发展中国家提供便宜的能源。 1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话According to scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US, it might be leaves – but man-made ones.可知根据美国麻省理工学院的科学家们的说法,将来会给我们的房子带来能量的是人造树叶,故选A。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段中"it can split water into hydrogen and oxygen when put into a bucket of water.The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuel cell,which uses those two materials to produce electricity,located either on top of a house or beside the house."当把人造树叶投入一桶水中,它可以把水分解成氢和氧,然后氢和氧气被储存在燃料电池中,燃料电池用这两种气体来产生电能,由此可知正确顺序是cabd,故选C。 3.词义猜测题。The first man-made leaf was invented in 1997 but was too expensive and changeable for practical use. The new leaf, on the contrary, is made of cheap materials, easy to use and highly stable.此处是将新旧人造树叶进行对比,一开始的人造树叶是expensive and changeable(昂贵和多变的),根据句中的on the contrary(正相反),可知新的人造树叶与原来的人造树叶是相反的,新的人造树叶是便宜和不变的(unchangeable.),所以此处stable的意思是Unchangeable,故选D。 4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段With the goal to “make each home its own power station” and “giving energy to the poor”, scientists believe that the new machine could be widely used in developing countries﹍可知之所以发展新的人造树叶是因为它可为发展中国家提供更便宜的能源,故选B。
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    Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like breast cancer in ways that were never before possible.

Rishi Rawat teaches AI at the University of Southern California’s (USC) Clinical Science Center in Los Angeles. He is part of a team of scientists who are researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the breast. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says this data helps the machine learn. “. . . You can put the data into computers and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition is important to making decisions.”

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Currently, researchers take a thin piece of tissue, put it on a small piece of glass and add color to better see the cells. That process could take days or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns, or structures, and learn how the cells are organized.

The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. “All of a sudden, we have the computing power to really do it in real time. . . We couldn’t have done this, we didn’t have the computing power to do this several years ago, but now it’s all changed.” Agus adds that the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world. He says that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.

The University of Southern California researchers are now only studying breast cancer. But doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer.

1.In Rishi Rawat’s research, ________.

A. the data put into computers contributes to cancer recognition

B. many cancers are being studied at the moment

C. machine learning has replaced doctors’ work

D. the focus is on the cure for cancer

2.David Agus’s words in Paragraph 3 are used to ________.

A. provide some advice for doctors

B. introduce the development of cancer

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D. explain the function of AI in treating cancer

3.What can we infer from the text ?

A. AI can make decisions for doctors.

B. Developing countries might be lack of funds.

C. AI will hopefully make an accurate identification of cancer.

D. Computing power has long helped with the identification of cancer.

4.What is the author’s attitude towards AI used in treating cancer?

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    It is obvious that all of our childhood memories are not accidental. When you are a child, every scent, every sound, every move, every toy, the first day of school, the first kiss, the first step. . . Everything together makes what is the personality of a man. All these are pieces of one whole entity.

I was about 6 years old. My mom's best friend left to another town and asked my mom to stay at her place with me for two days in order to look after her two sons. One was a little older than I was. and the second boy appeared to be super grown-up, for he was already fourteen. I always enjoyed staying at their place.

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This was a moment of pure happiness, not the happiness of getting a new toy or a dog, or going to the party of your best friend. It was the moment of clarity for me-the first time in my life when I realized that I was happy to have my mom and that I was safe. My eyes saw the world in different shades that moment. And by the way-I was not punished for the curtain. I fell asleep on my mom's knees.

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D. Childhood memories are always strange and incomprehensible.

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D. He was locked inside a house and failed to get out by the window.

4.In the last paragraph, the word " It " refers to______.

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Whistler World ski Snowboard Festival

There are many reasons why the World Ski& Snowboard Festival has been so popular for the past 22 years. Known to locals as WSSF, the festival combines spring energy with Whistlers unique mountain culture. It is being held from 10th April to 15th April, at the Whistler Conference Centre in Whistler. Canada. There are photography, filmmaking, ski and snowboard competitions.

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Tuesday, April 10

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Saturday, April 14

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回信内容包括:

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__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

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