Question

    Sit still. It's the rule of every classroom. But that is changing as evidence builds that taking brief activity breaks during the day helps children learn and be more attentive in class, and a  growing number of programs designed to promote movement are being adopted in schools. "We need to recognize that children are movement-based," said Brian Gatens, the superintendent of schools in Emerson, N.J." In schools, we sometimes are pushing against human nature in asking them to sit still and be quiet all the time.We fall into this trap that if kids are at their desks with their heads down and are silent and writing, we think they are learning," Mr. Gatens added. "But  what we have found is that the active time used to energize your brain makes all those still moments better, or more productive."

A 2013 report from the Institute of Medicine concluded that children who are more active show greater attention, have faster cognitive processing speed and perform better on standardized academic tests than children who are less active. And a study released in January by Lund University in Sweden shows that students, especially boys, who had daily physical education, did better in school.

＂Daily physical activity is an opportunity for the average school to become a high-performing school," said Jesper Fritz, a doctoral student at Lund University and physician at the Skane University Hospital in Malmo who was the study's lead author.

＂Activity helps the brain in so many ways," said James F.Sallis, a professor of family medicine and public health at the University of California, San Diego, who has done research on the association between activity breaks and classroom behavior."Activity stimulates more blood vessels in the brain to support more brain cells.And there is evidence that active kids do better on standardized tests and pay attention more in school." "Plus," he added," it makes kids want to come to school more-it's fun to do these activities."

But not all districts are embracing the trend of movement breaks. "The bottom line is that with only six and a half hours during the day, our priority is academics," said Tom Hernandez, the director of community relations for the Plainfield School District in Illinois, about 40 miles southwest of Chicago. He said that under state law, the schools provide daily physical education classes and that teachers in the district find ways to give students time during the day to refresh and recharge.

＂Kids aren't meant to sit still all day and take in information," said Steve Boyle, one of the co-founders of the National Association of Physical Literacy, which aims to bring movement into schools." Adults aren't either."

1.Brain Gatens is likely to agree that

A.all of the students should sit still

B.sitting still often means studying well

C.being quite is actually human nature

D.always sitting doesn't have good effects

2.According to Jesper Fritz, we can infer that _____

A.activity helps the brain in only one way

B.activities can make children physically and mentally healthy

C.activities have nothing to do with children's academic performances

D.Daily activity is a chance for the average school to become a high one

3.According to James F. Sallis, the reasons why activities make students clever is that _____

A.they stimulate more blood vessels in the body

B.they activate all the brain cells but are tough on bodies

C.they give children fun and motivate all the brains to work

D.they give students time during the day to refresh and recharge

4.Which column are you likely to read the passage in the newspaper?

A.Discovery

B.Sports

C.Education

D.Science

Answer

1.D

2.B

3.C

4.C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么孩子们在课堂上不能坐着不动，而应该有活动时间，这样能更加促进他们的学习情况等。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段的We fall into this trap that if kids are at their desks with their heads down and are silent and writing, we think they are learning,"Mr. Gatens added. "But what we have found is that the active time used to energize your brain makes all those still moments better, or more productive."( Mr. Gatens说：“我们掉入了这样一个陷阱，如果孩子们低着头坐在桌子前，沉默不语，我们认为他们真在努力学习。但我们发现，用于激活大脑的活动时间会让那些静止的时刻变得更好或者更有效率。”)可知，Mr. Gatens认为孩子总是安静地坐着可能效果并不好。D. always sitting doesn't have good effects(总是坐着没有好的效果)符合以上说法，故选D项。

2.推理判断题。根据第三段的Daily physical activity is an opportunity for the average school to become a high-performing school (日常的体育活动是普通学校成为高绩效学校的机会)可推测，Jesper Fritz 认为日常的体育活动能让孩子们在身体和智力方面都得到提高。B. activities can make children physically and mentally healthy(活动能让孩子在身体和精神上都健康)符合以上说法，故选B项。

3.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的Activity stimulates more blood vessels in the brain to support more brain cells. And there is evidence that active kids do better on standardized tests and pay attention more in school." "Plus," he added, "it makes kids want to come to school more-it's fun to do these activities."(“活动刺激大脑里更多的血管来支持更多的脑细胞。有证据表明活跃的孩子在标准测试中做得更好，而且在学校更专注”他补充说到“此外，这让孩子们更想到学校来，因为这些后动很有趣。”)可知，活动让孩子更聪明，是因为它可以刺激更多脑细胞让它们运转，且让孩子觉得有趣而更想上学。C. they give children fun and motivate all the brains to work(它们给孩子乐趣，并且刺激整个大脑运转)符合以上说法，故选C项。

4.推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的Sit still. It's the rule of every classroom. But that is changing as evidence builds that taking brief activity breaks during the day helps children learn and be more attentive in class, and a growing number of programs designed to promote movement are being adopted in schools.(安静地坐着。这是每个教室的规则。但这正在改变，因为证据表明，一天中适当的进行活动对孩子们的学习有帮助，并且让他们在课堂上更专注，越来越多旨在促进活动的项目正在被学校采纳)可知，本文主要讲述了适当的活动可以促进孩子的学习。由此推测，本文很有可能出现在报纸的教育版块。C. Education(教育)符合以上说法，故选C项。