Question

    Animal experimentation is the backbone (支柱，基础) of American research and treatment of disease. Each year, 17 million to 22 million animals are sacrificed in the name of science. While 90 percent of them are rats and mice, 180,000 dogs, 50,000 cats, 61,000 monkeys and 554,000 rabbits are done away with in laboratories operated by industry and government.

But the public has raised an outcry (抗议) over these deaths. Spurred vivid reports of cruelty, the animal rights movement is made up of 7,000 organizations with 10 million members. They've documented cases in which monkeys were isolated in steel tanks for 45 days and dogs were bombarded (轰击、辐射) with radiation or chemicals until they bled from the mouth.

Scientists say such incidents are rare. Laws have been passed to govern testing. Many research centers now have committees to review all proposed animal experiments, and computers can be used in place of animals in many experiments. But scientists say they can't do without animals to test new drugs and treatments on animals to make sure they're safe for humans. Animal experiments produced vaccines (疫苗) or treatments for diseases such as diabetes (糖尿病), and techniques used in open heart surgery. They're important to efforts to find a treatment for AIDS.

Animal rights activists have shown they will go to almost any length (奉陪到底). One New York researcher received more than 10,000 protest letters following publicity of her experiments in which she gave drugs to monkeys. The researcher was studying drug addiction. A protester was arrested in Connecticut for placing a pipe bomb outside a company that used animals in tests. After fires and break-ins, many labs have bought electronic locks and alarms for protection. Other targets of the animal rights movement are the fur industry, farms, and school biology classes in which children dissect (解剖) frogs.

The movement has scored some successes. A dozen states no longer allow pounds (兽栏) ── places that accept dogs and cats that have no homes ── to sell animals to scientists. Scientists claim the cost of their work will rise as a result.

The battle between scientists and activists raises a basic question: Can modern society be both humane (仁慈的) in its treatment of living things and advanced in its treatment of disease? It seems certain there will be new restrictions placed on the use of animals in scientific experiments.

1.The main idea of the article is ________.

A.fewer animals should be taken to laboratories

B.Americans are questioning the use of animals in experiments

C.mice and rats make the best subjects for experiments

D.scientific experiments can be carried out without animals

2.Animal experiments will probably continue because ________.

A.scientists insist they are harmless

B.the groups that oppose them aren't very big or powerful

C.they are critical for understanding and curing human disease

D.there are enough regulations to protect animals from abuse

3.Proponents (支持者) of animal rights are most convincing when they ________.

A.explode bombs at laboratories that conduct scientific tests

B.point out the diseases that have been cured by scientists

C.treat their own pets kindly

D.give examples of animals that were mistreated in labs

4.The animal rights movement is ________.

A.not very successful in passing laws to protect animals

B.trying many different approaches to accomplish its goals

C.more interested in protecting dogs than in protecting mice

D.supported mostly by people who dislike scientists

5.Scientists will be satisfied only if ________.

A.they can continue using animals in their experiments

B.the animal rights movement comes to an end

C.they install locks and alarms on their labs

D.their supply of animals is increased significantly

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.D

4.B

5.A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。主要讲的是动物实验是美国疾病研究和治疗的支柱，但是动物保护者认为应该少用动物做科学实验。文章说明了动物实验对于治疗人类疾病的重要性，以及动物保护者们为实现废除动物试验的目的而采取的不同方法。

1.主旨大意题。根据第一段Animal experimentation is the backbone of American research and treatment of disease. Each year, 17 million to 22 million animals are sacrificed in the name of science. While 90 percent of them are rats and mice, 180,000 dogs, 50,000 cats, 61,000 monkeys and 554,000 rabbits are done away with in laboratories operated by industry and government.可知动物实验是美国疾病研究和治疗的支柱。每年，1700万到2200万的动物以科学的名义被牺牲。尽管其中90%是老鼠，但在工业和政府运作的实验室里，18万只狗、5万只猫、6.1万只猴子和55.4万只兔子被杀死。以及第二段第一句But the public has raised an outcry over these deaths.可知但公众对这些死亡事件表示强烈抗议。结合文章主要讨论了动物保护者认为应该少用动物做科学实验的问题，由此可知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍美国人质疑在实验中使用动物。故选B。

2.细节理解题。根据第三段中But scientists say they can't do without animals to test new drugs and treatments on animals to make sure they're safe for humans. Animal experiments produced vaccines or treatments for diseases such as diabetes, and techniques used in open heart surgery. They're important to efforts to find a treatment for AIDS.可知但科学家们说，他们不能没有动物，要在动物身上测试新药和治疗方法，以确保对人类安全。动物实验产生了疫苗或糖尿病等疾病的治疗方法，以及心脏开放手术中使用的技术。它们对寻找艾滋病治疗方法的努力很重要。由此可知，动物实验可能会继续进行，因为它们对了解和治疗人类疾病至关重要。故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据第二段中They've documented cases in which monkeys were isolated in steel tanks for 45 days and dogs were bombarded with radiation or chemicals until they bled from the mouth.可知他们记录了一些案例，在这些案例中，猴子被隔离在钢制容器中45天，狗被辐射或化学物质轰击，直到它们从嘴里流血。由此可知，支持动物权利的人在举出在实验室里受到虐待的动物的案例时，最具有说服力。故选D。

4.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中One New York researcher received more than 10,000 protest letters following publicity of her experiments in which she gave drugs to monkeys. The researcher was studying drug addiction. A protester was arrested in Connecticut for placing a pipe bomb outside a company that used animals in tests. After fires and break-ins, many labs have bought electronic locks and alarms for protection.可知一名纽约研究人员在她给猴子喂药的实验曝光后，收到了一万多封抗议信。研究人员正在研究药物上瘾。在康涅狄格州，一名抗议者因在一家使用动物做实验的公司外放置管状炸弹而被捕。在火灾和入室盗窃之后，许多实验室都购买了电子锁和报警器来保护自己。由此可知，动物权利运动正在尝试许多不同的方法来实现它的目标。故选B。

5.推理判断题。根据第三段中But scientists say they can't do without animals to test new drugs and treatments on animals to make sure they're safe for humans.可知但科学家们说，他们不能没有动物，要在动物身上测试新药和治疗方法，以确保对人类安全。由此可推知，只有继续在实验中使用动物，才能满足科学家们的需要。故选A。