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America’s trucking industry employs roug...

    America’s trucking industry employs roughly 3.5 million people, carries 10.6 billion tons of goods back and forth across the country per year, and brings in $738.9 billion in taxes annually. It is, in some way, a logistical (物流的) wonder.

Though America’s trucking industry may one day be replaced by new trains, or giant trucks piloted by AI systems, for now we need to deal with the system we have, instead of daydreaming about a new one. Truck driving used to be a desirable profession for Americans, but almost no one wants to be a truck driver anymore. The industry is already short of 50,000 tractor-trailer drivers, and that number could expand to 174,000 by 2026.

The solution is simple: raising drivers’ wages (薪水). While trucking is generally considered a high-quality blue-collar job, average pay for truckers is only around $42,000. That’s more than $10,000 below the average household income in America.

Bear in mind too, that the economically essential function served by the trucking industry creates a very tough quality of life for truckers themselves. Being far away from home for days or weeks at a time causes all sorts of personal issues. Therefore, drivers really deserve to be paid more.

The good news is that last week’s jobs report did show an increase in wages. In trucking specifically, compensation finally jumped 10 to 12 percent over the last year. It’s not enough, but it’s a step in the right direction.

And to encourage the American trucking industry, there are regulations too. A federal rule from 2004 limits truckers to driving 11 hours in any 14-hour period.

Of course, this rule was put in place to make truck driving a more humane (人道的), and less demanding industry. But it also lowered the amount of driving any trucker could do, increasing the number of drivers needed to cover the same number of routes. And it couldn’t avoid the long hours on the road, lonely nights in hotels, and etc. The effective way to fix the problem is obvious: If your industry can’t find enough workers, you need to pay them more.

1.What do the figures in paragraph 1 show?

A.The convenience of trucking in America.

B.The significance of trucking industry for America.

C.The big burden on America’s trucking industry.

D.The quick development of America’s trucking industry.

2.Which of the following are the causes of fewer truck drivers according to the passage?

suffering from health issues caused by driving

having a small salary

having a low-quality blue-collar job

working outside for long

lacking respect from others

A.①②③ B.②③④

C.②④⑤ D.①②④

3.What can we know about the federal rule from 2004?

A.It aimed at promoting the efficiency of truck drivers.

B.It didn’t make much difference to the trucking industry.

C.It effectively relieved the truck drivers’ burdens.

D.It tended to get resisted by numerous truck drivers.

4.What is the passage mainly about?

A.The ways to fix America’s trucking industry.

B.The decline of America’s trucking industry.

C.The problems troubling America’s truck drivers.

D.The regulations governing America’s truck drivers

 

1.B 2.D 3.B 4.A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了美国卡车司机数量减少的原因,探讨了解决方法,例如2004年出台的法规,以及最后一段点题解决这个问题的方法就是要增加他们的工资。 1.推理判断题。根据第一段America’s trucking industry employs roughly 3.5 million people, carries 10.6 billion tons of goods back and forth across the country per year, and brings in $738.9 billion in taxes annually. It is, in some way, a logistical wonder.可知美国的卡车运输业雇佣了大约350万人,每年在全国来回运送10.6吨货物,每年带7389亿美元的税收,在某种程度上,这是一个物流的奇迹。由此可知,通过这些数字,可以看到美国卡车运输业的发展是一个奇迹,因为它的发展之快,使得它现在所带来的税收之大。故第一段中的数字说明了卡车运输业对美国的重要性。故选B。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句The solution is simple: raising drivers’ wages.可知解决办法很简单:提高司机的工资。由此可知,卡车司机工资低是导致卡车司机少的原因;根据第四段中Bear in mind too, that the economically essential function served by the trucking industry creates a very tough quality of life for truckers themselves.可知还要记住的是,卡车运输业的基本经济功能给卡车司机本身带来了非常艰难的生活质量。由此可知,艰苦的生活质量有可能会导致健康问题是导致卡车司机少的原因;根据第三段中Being far away from home for days or weeks at a time causes all sorts of personal issues.可知一次离家几天或几周会导致各种各样的个人问题。由此可知,在外工作太久是导致卡车司机少的原因;综上,故选①②④。故选D。 3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中But it also lowered the amount of driving any trucker could do, increasing the number of drivers needed to cover the same number of routes. And it couldn’t avoid the long hours on the road, lonely nights in hotels, and etc.可知但这也降低了卡车司机的驾驶能力,增加了行驶相同路线所需的司机数量。它无法避免路上的长时间,酒店里的孤独夜晚,等等。由此可推知,2004年的联邦法规对卡车运输业没有太大影响。故选B。 4.主旨大意题。根据第二段中Truck driving used to be a desirable profession for Americans, but almost no one wants to be a truck driver anymore. The industry is already short of 50,000 tractor-trailer drivers, and that number could expand to 174,000 by 2026.可知卡车司机曾经是美国人向往的职业,但现在几乎没有人愿意再当卡车司机了。该行业目前缺少5万名牵引式拖车司机,到2026年,这一数字可能会增加到17.4万。结合本文主要介绍了美国卡车司机数量减少的原因,探讨了解决方法,例如2004年出台的法规,以及最后一段点题解决这个问题的方法就是要增加他们的工资。由此可知,这篇文章主要讲了解决美国卡车运输业问题的方法。故选A。
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