第五部分 书面表达（满分20分）
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Like many students, Ryan believes that the time and money spent on his education will pay off: he will eventually be able to get a good job and do well in the field he has chosen. Yet, in spite of all of the years spent in school preparing to enter the workplace, many recent graduates say that they struggle with the shift from classroom to career world and have difficulty adjusting to life on the job.
Writer and editor Joseph Lewis suggests one reason why this is the case.Lewis believes that most of our school experiences--from childhood through university-- are fairly predictable, while life in the working world is far more uncertain.In school,for example,the.pattern stays more or less the same from year to year. In the workplace, however, constant change is the norm, and one has to adapt quickly.
Another problem that graduates entering the workforce encounter is that they are unprepared to think analytically. In school, many students, including those in college, spend a lot of time memorizing facts and repeating what they“learned”on tests.But in the workplace employees“are often expected to think critically and make decisions about their work, not just follow a supervisor's instructions.” Less time needs to be spent in school on testing, says one recent report, and more on helping students to analyze and interpret information,solve problems,and communicate their ideas effectively--skills that will prepare them to succeed in today’s workplace.
Finally many recent graduates say that one of the biggest difficulties they face is adapting to teamwork on the job. In the workplace, employees must regularly interact with others and are often dependent on their co-workers for their success. In other words, if an employee has to work with others to complete a given project, that employee's success not only depends on his hard work and expertise(专业知识), but also on how well his colleagues perform.Knowing how to participate in teamwork--and deal with problems when they arise--is extremely important, and yet, it is also something many students didn’t get quite exposed to in a school setting.
How can we better prepare young adults for the workplace? Recent graduates, looking back on their educational experience, have some advice. Many think that all students should be required to do an internship(实习) while they are in school. Volunteering part time at a company, hospital, or government organization, for example, can help one gain experience and learn skills needed to succeed in the real world.Pairing this kind of practical work experience with classroom instruction, say the graduates, will help prepare students for the realities of the workplace and make the transition from school to career world less stressful.
单词拼写
1.Interacting with the seniors has proven____________（有益的）for the young ones,making them more open-minded.
2.According to____________（统计数据），if we can decrease the time for having the television on by one hour each day,we can deduce the amount of carbon emission by 4.71 kilogram each month.
3.One of his biggest problems when he started his business in 1988,he recalls, was the attitude of his workers:they___________（吐唾沫）on the floor and generally behaved in a disrespectful manner.
4.If I could obtain a$9,000 scholarship________（每年），I would be able to complete any studies.
5.To protect our eyesight,we are supposed to have our eyes examined at regular_________（间隔）.
6.Audience a ____________ heavily as the super star appeared on the stage.
7.He is suffering from alcohol a ____________ and just can't stop drinking.
8.The police finally arrested the c ____________ related to the bank robbery as they were about to board the ship.
9.This dictionary is i___________ for beginners and thus too easy for high school students.
10.Doctors say many diseases can be b____________ from spreading by hand washing.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How Do Avalanches(雪崩) Happen
If you're ever skiing in the mountains,you'll have to be aware of avalanches. An avalanche is a sudden flow of snow down a slope,such as.a mountain.The amount of snow in an avalanche varies based on many things,but it can be such a huge amount 1. it can bury the bottom of a slope in dozens of feet of snow.
Avalanches2. be caused by natural things.For example,new snow or rain can cause built-up snow to loosen and fall down the side of a mountain. Artificial triggers(诱发因素) can also cause avalanches. For example, snowmobiles, skiers, and explosives 3.(know)to lead to avalanches.
Avalanches usually occur during the winter and spring, 4.snowfall is greatest.As they are dangerous to any living beings in their path,avalanches have destroyed forests,roads,railroads and even entire towns.Warning signs exist that allow experts to predict--and often prevent--avalanches from occurring.When over a foot of fresh snow falls,experts know to be on the lookout for avalanches.
Explosives can be used in places5. massive snow buildups to trigger much smaller avalanches that don't pose 6. danger to persons or property.
When deadly avalanches do occur,the moving snow can quickly reach over 80 miles per hour.Skiers caught in such avalanches can be buried under dozens of feet of snow. 7.it's possible to dig out of such avalanches,not all are able to escape.
If you get tossed about by an avalanche and find yourself 8.(bury) under many feet of snow,you might not have a true sense of which way is up and which way is down.Some avalanche victims have tried to dig their way out,only to find that they were upside down and digging themselves farther under the snow 9. than to the top!
Experts suggest that people caught in an avalanche 10.(try)to dig around you to create a space for air,so you can breathe more easily.Then,do your best to figure out which way is up and dig in that direction to reach the surface and signal rescuers.
Face shape lets AI spot rare disorders
People with genetic syndromes (综合征) sometimes have revealing facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be _______given there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural (神经系统) network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors _______the possibilities.
Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the overall impression of faces and _______ a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.
They _______ the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17,000 images correctly labeled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes.The team then asked AI to _______potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time.
Gurovich and his team also_______the neural network's ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations (父异) that can lead to the same syndrome.They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in any one of five genes.DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 per cent of the time. It’s clearly not _______, but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.
As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that are most helpful in the determination are_______and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.
The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about_______. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle,__________ use such techniques to__________ against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders.__________. Gurovich says the tool will only be __________for use by clinicians.
This technique could bring significant__________ for those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the process of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then be confirmed through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add means of finding other people with the disease and, __________, help find new treatments or cures.
1.A.convincing B.practical C.reliable D.tricky
2.A.narrow down B.result in C.bring about D.arise from
3.A.wait B.return C.mail D.feed
4.A.focused B.touched C.based D.trained
5.A.adjust B.identify C.change D.cure
6.A.recognized B.showed C.tested D.acquired
7.A.perfect B.acceptable C.specific D.workable
8.A.covered B.highlighted C.excluded D.monitored
9.A.privacy B.accuracy C.reality D.objectivity
10.A.legally B.regularly C.secretly D.efficiently
11.A.vote B.fight C.argue D.discriminate
12.A.Furthermore B.Similarly C.Otherwise D.However
13.A.available B.impossible C.ready D.rare
14.A.challenges B.damages C.benefits D.concerns
15.A.by contrast B.on the contrary C.in addition D.in turn
Without Her Name
It is a truth universally acknowledged that Pride and Prejudice by English novelist Jane Austen is one of the most popular tales ever written. But behind the global admiration she enjoys today lies a sad fact.1.
In Pride and Prejudice, she was simply the author of Sense and Sensibility, which had carried the title “By a Lady.” The anonymity(匿名) worked so well that even friends of the Austen family had no idea that dear, sweet Jane was a novelist. A friend of Jane' s brother Henry actually told him that Pride and Prejudice was “much too clever to be the work of a woman.”
2.Tom Paine, a Founding Father of the United States, kept his identity hidden for a short time after the publication of his famous Common Sense.
For a woman, however, there was the added burden of societal expectations. Any sort of publishing or public display of talent was considered improper behavior for a woman.
It wasn't only fear about “bad manners” that discouraged women from writing under their own names.3. Charlotte Bronte, author of Jane Eyre, once sent her poetry to Robert Southey, a famous poet. Southey simply responded: “Literature cannot be the business of a woman's life.” Bronte used her pen name, Currer Bell, to publish Jane Eyre in 1847.Her sister Emily published Wuthering
Heights as Ellies Bell in the same year.
4.Mary Shelley' s Frankenstein(《科学人》) had come out without her name in 1818.Mary Anne Evans wrote Middlemarch and her other novels under the pen name George Eliot.
The 20th century saw great progress towards gender equality. In theory, it should be unnecessary for women writers to follow Austen' s path any longer, unless driven by personal reasons.5. Joanne Rowling, author of the Harry Potter novels, was advised to become J. K. Rowling. That's because boys might dislike the feeling of picking up a book by a woman. Connie Ann Kirk explained in her biography of Rowling.
A.Jane Austen has attracted a great deal of critical attention in recent years.
B.Women 's writing was seldom taken seriously.
C.Politicians, for reasons of safety, also frequently chose to be invisible.
D.In practice, however, certain prejudices just won't go away.
E.in a 2016 interview, Italian novelist Elena Ferrante claimed her use of a pen name let her concentrate on writing.
F.in her own time, Austen 's name never appeared on her books.
G.They joined a long list of women authors who felt they had to hide.
The Jewish(犹太人）family-had-just finished supper and the woman had placed the dishes in the sink.The kitchen was quite damp and even gloomier than in the main room.It was their third apartment since the start of the war,they had abandoned the other two in a hurry.The woman came back into the room and sat down again at the table.The 3-year-old boy sat with his back straight,his eyes fixed on his father,but it was obvious that he was so sleepy that he could barely sit up.
The man was smoking a cigarette.His eyes were blood-shot and he kept blinking in a funny way.This blinking had begun soon after they fled the second apartment.
It was late,past ten o'clock and they could have gone to sleep,but first they had to play the game that they had been playing every day for two weeks.Even though the man tried his best and he moved very quickly,the fault was his and not the child's.The boy was.marvelous.Seeing his father put out his cigarette,he opened his blue eyes even wider.The woman,who didn't actually take part in the game, stroked the boy's hair.
“We'll play the key game just one more time only today.Isn't that right?"she asked her husband.
He didn't answer because he was not sure.They were still two or three minutes off. He arose and walked towards the bathroom door.Then the woman called out softly,“Ding-dong."At the sound of the bell ringing so musically from his mother's lips,the boy jumped up from his chair and ran to the front door,which was separated from the main room by a narrow corridor.
“Who's there?"he asked.
The woman,remaining in her chair,shut her eyes tight as if feeling a sudden, sharp pain.
“I'l1 open up in a minute,I'm just looking for the keys,"the child called out. Then he ran back to the main room,making a lot of noise with his feet.He ran in circles around the table,pulled out one of the sideboard drawers,and slammed it shut.
“Just a minute,I can't find them,I don't know where Mama put them,"he yelled,then dragged the chair across the room,climbed onto it,and reached up to the top of the shelf.
“I found them!”he shouted triumphantly.Then he got down from the chair, pushed it back to the table,and calmly walked to the door and opened it.
“Shut the door,darling,"the woman said softly."You were perfect.”
The child didn't hear what she said.He stood in the middle of the room,staring at the closed bathroom door.
“Shut the door, the woman repeated in a tired flat voice.Every evening she repeated the same words,and every evening he stared at the closed bathroom door.
At last it opened.The man was pale and his clothes were streaked with lime and dust.He stood there,eyes blinking in that funny way.
“Well?How did it go?"asked the woman.
“I still need more time.He has to look for them longer.I slip in sideways all right,but then...It's so tight in there that when I turn...And he's got to make more noise-he should stamp his feet louder."
The child didn't take his eyes off him.
“Say something to him,"the woman whispered.
＂You did a good job,little one,"he said mechanically.
“That's right,”the woman said,“you're really doing a wonderful job,darling. You act just like a grown-up.And you do know that if someone should really ring the doorbell when Mama is at work,everything will depend on you?And what will you say when they ask you about your parents?”
“Mama's at work.”
“And Papa?"He was silent.
“And Papa?"the man screamed in terror.The child turned pale.
“And Papa?”the man repeated more calmly.
“He's dead,”＂the child answered and threw himself at his father,who was standing right beside him,but already long dead to the people who would really ring the bell.
1.What does the underlined sentence in Para.5 mean?
A.The family needed to practise the game for another 2 or 3 minutes.
B.There was still 2 or 3 minutes left before someone knocked at the door.
C.They would become too sleepy to play the game 2 or 3 minutes later.
D.The father needed 2 or 3 more minutes before the kid opened the door.
2.Why did the boy make a lot of noise when he was looking for the key?
A.Because he needed to drown out the noise caused by his father.
B.Because he was too little and just couldn't control his footsteps.
C.Because he was too anxious to find the key to open the door with.
D.Because he met many barriers on his way to where the key was.
3.In Para.12,why did the mother repeat“shut the door”in a tired,flat voice, instead of the previous soft one?
A.She was angry because her son didn't close the door as he had been told to.
B.She felt anxious because she knew her husband would be annoyed at the boy again.
C.She was disappointed because the boy's movement betrayed again where her husband was.
D.She was impatient because she was asked to repeat these words again and again every evening.
4.What is the best title of the passage?
A.A Scary Night B.The Key Game
C.My Father Is Dead D.An Innocent Boy
