First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain important signs including pulse, temperature, an unobstructed (未堵塞的) airway and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from worsening and provide relief from pain.
First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of the badly injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First-aid measures depend upon a victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to lifelong disability.
Despite the variety of possible injuries, several suggestions should be followed if first aid applies to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if sensible, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and pre-existing conditions such as high blood pressure and heart trouble. The victim’s medical card should be checked that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method to assess a victim’s condition is known as the ABC, which stands for:
A-Airway: Is it open and unobstructed?
B-Breathing: Is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.
C-Circulation (循环): Is there a pulse (脉搏)? Is the person bleeding badly? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
1.It is very important in first aid to_______.
A.know what to do and what not to do according to the condition of the victim
B.spend a few minutes making the difference between recovery and death
C.move the injured person from the scene of accident immediately
D.make it clear what illness the victim has had
2.Which of the following practices is NOT right in the first aid?
A.Checking whether the victim is breathing.
B.Checking whether the victim is bleeding.
C.Waiting for medical treatment before giving first aid.
D.Telephoning a hospital at once.
3.The underlined word “indications” in the last paragraph means _____.
A.injures B.instruments
C.treatments D.signs
4.This passage mainly tells us _______.
A.the history and skills of first aid
B.basic knowledge about how to give first aid
C.some knowledge to help anyone who may be injured in an accident
D.that first aid is dangerous to those who do not know how to do it
Iceland is a large island. In fact, it’s the world’s 18th largest island. Most of the population, however, lives in the southwestern part of the country, in or around the capital city of Reykjavik. By its very name, you’d expect Iceland to be mostly ice. Looking at Iceland on a map, you’ll notice it sits just outside the Arctic Circle. Despite this location and its name, Iceland actually has a temperate climate, because it is warmed by the Gulf Stream. The Gulf Stream also helps keep Iceland’s coastal ports ice-free through the winter.
There is plenty of ice on Iceland, though. The country consists of a large plateau(高原)that includes fields of sand, mountains and glaciers. Over 60% of Iceland is tundra（苔原）. About 14% of Iceland is lakes and glaciers. Only about 24% of the country has plants or vegetation of any kind, which covers a vast area in the south of the country.
Iceland was settled in the late 800s and early 900s by Norsemen from the Scandinavian country of Norway. Other settlers also came from Ireland and Scotland. From the 13th century up until 1918, Iceland was part of the Norwegian and later Danish monarchies. For most of that time, the small Icelandic population depended upon fishing and farming to make a living. For hundreds of years, Iceland was one of the poorest and least developed countries in the world. After World War II, international aid and industrialization of the fishing industry turned Iceland into one of the wealthiest countries in the world. In 1994, Iceland became part of the European Economic Area(经济区), which allowed its economy to grow even more.
Iceland boasts one of the youngest islands in the world. Surtsey rose out of the ocean during a series of volcanic eruptions between 1963 and 1968. Today, only scientists who study the growth of new life can occasionally visit the volcanic island of Surtsey.
1.What can we know about Iceland according to the passage?
A.It lies in the Arctic Circle.
B.Its capital city is very crowded
C.Many people live in the east.
D.It has a fairly mild temperature.
2.What is mainly talked about in the third paragraph?
A.Iceland’s history.
B.Iceland’s geography.
C.Iceland’s economy.
D.Iceland’s politics.
3.What can we infer about Surtsey from the last paragraph?
A.People live on fishing.
B.No human beings live there at all.
C.There are many visitors.
D.Science is developing fast there.
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Susan看了你的微博后发来邮件，对你上周帮助一个迷路的3岁小孩回家的事情很感兴趣。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1.感谢关注；
2.助人经过；
3.你的感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Saturday I cooked supper for my family.The whole morning,I was on the Net,studying what to make delicious food out.After lunch,I went to the market and bought some vegetables and pork.Back home,I began washed the pork and cut them into cubes.The pork should be cooked firstly because it would take a long time.When the pork is being boiled,I continued to prepare the other dishes.After two hour of hard work,three dishes and a big bowl soup were on the dinner table.Mom and Dad all congratulated me.They said it was the best supper they have ever had!
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Visiting a parent at work can open up all sorts of career 1.(possibility).Here's one example of how it inspires their goals for the future.
My dad owns a few insurance agencies,so basically,I can go there on any day.On 2. way to one of his agencies,I would pretend I 3.(make)important calls on the car phone and ignored my father.When I got there,I loved running through the halls.While at work,my favorite thing was to scan things.I've always known I wanted to work with something 4.（challenge).Scanning felt like the only 5.(create)thing to do at an insurance agency. People asked 6. I was going to work at the office when I got out of college,and I thought the answer was a hard no.I went to graduate school 7.(get)my Master's in Business and Art Direction.I moved to New York to work as an art director for a bit.Surprisingly,a few years later,I am back in Virginia,where I 8.(grow)up and have just launched my very own insurance platform with my wife,Jade and,of course, 9.Dad's help.We offer business insurance to the self-employed.My dad is the 10.(much)positive person I've ever met. He's always available and gives great advice.
Last week, my grandfather was explaining his favorite words, “Nothing is ever easy.” Yesterday, I happened to_______ a bee in the living room. I thought_______the bee would take no more than five minutes. But an hour _______, the bee remained there. All that had_______was that the living room was in a mess and that I felt_______ and had to lie on the sofa to take a breath.I did not expect to_______an hour on such a tiny _______,but suddenly I understood what my grandfather meant.
It is not only _______that we tend to underestimate (低估) — we have to bear other unexpected _______.We often imagine everything can work in our __________, but we seldom think of all the__________things that could affect us. However, it is important to remember that your day or week or year might not__________as planned, and that is completely __________. It is absolutely acceptable to feel challenged —__________at a task you thought was __________— because that is part of life.
If you can accept that nothing will ever be easy, then life might seem slightly more__________. In middle school, I thought high school might be easier since I could choose the __________ I wanted to take. In high school, I thought college might be easier because I could have a schedule best suited for myself.__________each time, I was both wrong and __________. After accepting that school wouldn’t (and shouldn’t) be easy, I found myself with a more positive attitude and improved my __________.
1.A.get B.notice C.carry D.collect
2.A.removing B.observing C.keeping D.chasing
3.A.ago B.away C.later D.earlier
4.A.changed B.happened C.existed D.compensated
5.A.unsafe B.uneasy C.dull D.dizzy
6.A.pass B.waste C.spare D.last
7.A.space B.room C.insect D.pet
8.A.importance B.effort C.power D.time
9.A.costs B.causes C.pressure D.burden
10.A.mind B.turn C.view D.favor
11.A.strange B.unpleasant C.natural D.funny
12.A.continue B.fly C.go D.come
13.A.dangerous B.normal C.different D.unfair
14.A.usually B.even C.therefore D.instead
15.A.simple B.complex C.important D.impossible
16.A.valuable B.changeable C.manageable D.stable
17.A.jobs B.steps C.classes D.seats
18.A.Yet B.So C.Again D.Also
19.A.selfish B.uncertain C.tired D.disappointed
20.A.appearance B.responsibility C.reputation D.performance
