阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In western countries, after a long day with the sun 1. (burn) your back, a bottle of cold water sounds like the perfect solution. However, consuming cold drinks may not be 2. same choice internationally. In the US, people often receive a glass cold water alongside their meals, 3. in China, people usually get a cup of hot tea instead. In fact, even when the weather is 4. (extreme) hot, many Chinese people prefer to have hot water. According to ancient Chinese medicine, drinking a glass of warm water 5. (be) beneficial to health.
Restaurants in the US are places where people 6. (serve) with cold water, which doesn’t hurt anyone if it is spilled accidentally. In China, you pour tea into cups yourself; if you spill the water, you are responsible 7. it.
In spite of the benefits of hot water and the 8. (harm) effects of drinking cold water, modern medicine tells us that they are both fine 9. (consume). Actually, the debate between cold water and hot water is all a matter of 10. (prefer) and body type. So, what would you like to drink?
I work as the reception manager at my hotel. A booking came in a few weeks ago with a note attached saying that the guest will be ________ with her deaf father. As they were here for a number of days, the daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as ________ as possible. Upon seeing this note and ________ I would be the one to check them in as I was scheduled for their ________ time, I decided to learn some very basic ________ language.
I ________ the guest in my usual fashion, asking for the surname on the booking. Once I heard the name I realized ________ who was standing in front of me.
I had been learning for two weeks how to ________ “Welcome to Ireland. My sign language is terrible, but please ________ you need anything during your _______ just let me know and we will help you.”
I________ at the father and daughter in front of me. Turning to the father, I began the ________ I had learned for him. His daughter ________, cried and called me sweet. But the father ________ smiled and was so happy. Honestly, seeing his ________ was enough for me. It was so ________ of the last few weeks of learning basic American Sign Language (ASL).
On check-out I sadly wasn’t working, but they had left a ________ for me. A small box with some chocolates and a book on ASL. Inside the inscription (题词) read “Thank you very much for what you did on check-in. You have no idea how much this ________ to my father and we can’t thank you enough. You’ve ________ his trip home to his family after 50 years very special with one simple ________.”
1.A.working B.traveling C.applying D.attending
2.A.smooth B.brief C.long D.cheap
3.A.observing B.planning C.noting D.worrying
4.A.departure B.arrival C.dinner D.journey
5.A.trade B.body C.computer D.sign
6.A.invited B.entertained C.greeted D.accommodated
7.A.immediately B.eventually C.perfectly D.gradually
8.A.operate B.share C.understand D.say
9.A.if B.before C.until D.unless
10.A.adventure B.wander C.play D.stay
11.A.pointed B.smiled C.stared D.shouted
12.A.much B.mass C.bit D.piece
13.A.turned down B.took down C.went down D.broke down
14.A.just B.already C.ever D.still
15.A.achievement B.reaction C.satisfaction D.amazement
16.A.aware B.certain C.worthy D.free
17.A.gift B.prize C.award D.memory
18.A.explained B.showed C.contributed D.meant
19.A.promoted B.made C.changed D.supported
20.A.word B.concept C.gesture D.measure
How to volunteer abroad
There is so much good to do in the world! If you are planning a trip, here are some pointers to make the most of your volunteer opportunities.
Prepare in advance. 1.. Find out what languages are spoken, any cultural differences and any issues of which you should be aware. You must have a heart to serve, and also know how to be careful.
Go in with modesty. When visiting another culture, the first step should be humility. Go with caring hearts, open minds, and listening ears. Keep in mind that you are a guest. 2.. You won’t make any true progress. You might build a home for a family in need, but you won’t build trust.
3.. When you volunteer abroad, you should be doing it with a full heart. It’s important to eat with locals, share in their customs, and attend their activities. You must engage yourself fully in the volunteer opportunity, which shows that you care about what you’re doing together.
Share when you return. Don’t just keep that volunteer experience in your head or in your journal. 4., but even better is sharing it in one-on-one or group conversations. In these conversations, it’s not just “I dug a well and helped a community gain 20 more gallons of fresh water a day.” Yes, that is important! 5..
International volunteering is a gift. It is actually more of a gift for you than the recipients. Through the lessons you learn, you become a better person, a stronger leader.
A. Consider the time outside as an opportunity
B. Posting it on social media is a positive idea
C. Use their local techniques
D. If you don’t do this, you risk damaging the relationship at the start
E. Many people go in to “do the job” and then go back to their hotels
F. Make sure you take time to understand the host country before you go
G. Even more important is being sincere and learning more about yourself
Peter Drucker is the world’s most influential management master. Probably more than anyone else, he has helped to determine the nature of management and the tasks and responsibilities of the manager.
Drucker’s interests have ranged broadly. In the 1930s and the 1940s, he wrote a series of thoughtful books on capitalist society. From the 1950s to the 1970s, he wrote a series of books on management. Since the late 1970s, he has been more interested in the impact of technological and social change on management and business.
Drucker’s writings avoid formal theories of management and organization and instead encourage managers to ask basic questions. Famously, he urged managers to stop trying to manage processes and instead seek to manage for results, emphasizing output rather than function. In his view, managers should be the pivot around which the organization works, rather than directors controlling from the top down or officers leading from the front.
According to Drucker, it is the manager who breathes life into the enterprise and makes it function. “The enterprise can decide, act and behave only as its managers do.”
In a milestone passage, Drucker says that there is only one valid purpose for a business：“To create a customer. Markets are not created by nature or economic forces, but by the people who manage a business.” Drucker emphasizes the need to consider the needs and motivations of customers, not just the problems of price and distribution that had formerly controlled marketing.
He also stresses the responsibilities of managers: to achieve economic performance, to make work productive and to manage the social effects that any enterprise has on its environment. Particularly important is the third set of responsibilities. Increased social responsibility, says Drucker, is part of the price that must be paid for commercial success.
Drucker sees management as an art rather than a science and constantly speaks of management in human terms, which has made him the most popular and widely read management writer of all time.
1.What is the text mainly about?
A.The biography of Peter Drucker.
B.What makes a good business.
C.The responsibilities of managers.
D.Peter Drucker and his influence on management.
2.What does the underlined word “pivot” in paragraph 3 mean?
A.Helper. B.Center.
C.Adviser. D.Controller.
3.Which of the following is true according to the text?
A.Controlling the process of the business is the key to success.
B.Price and distribution decide the domination of markets.
C.A business works well if it has a good functional manager.
D.Managers should put the domination of markets above all.
4.The responsibilities of a manager doesn’t include __________.
A.improving the profit
B.better working efficiency
C.ensuring a better society
D.paying the price for his or her faults
Those who are concerned that robots are taking over the world can rest easy—for now. Though the androids have proved useful at performing ordinary tasks, they are not ready for the greatest time. At least that appears to be the case at Japan’s Henn-na Hotel chain where over half of the robot staff are being replaced by humans.
The first location of the unique hotel opened in July 2015 was at Nagasaki’s Huis Ten Bosch Theme Park. The hotel’s owner, Hideo Sawada, promised the hotel to be managed primarily by robots. Guests were greeted and checked-in by a dinosaur robot, while a cute android called Churi, placed inside each room, provided information about attractions. Not surprisingly, the lodging, recognized in 2016 as the world’s first robot-staffed hotel by Guinness World Records, drew in curious visitors from all around the world.
But as the years have passed, the hotel’s main draw is becoming less novel and more unsatisfactory. Also as the robots are “aging”, they are costing more to repair. Among the 283 androids being replaced are the chain’s two dinosaur receptionists. In addition to scaring young guests, they are also unable to photocopy guests’ passports, forcing human employees to step in each time. Also out are the cute Churi robots, which annoyed guests by interrupting their conversations. For example, one guest told The Wall Street Journal that Churi mistook his snoring for a command and kept asking him to repeat his request all night.
Sawada told The Wall Street Journal, “When you actually use robots you realize there are places where they aren’t needed—or just annoy people.” While Sawada may be cutting back on his use of androids, the recently-opened Smart LYZ Hotel and the Fly Zoo Hotel in China, are run entirely by robots, with not a human in sight. Whether the employees have more competence than those “hired” by the Henn-na Hotel chain remains to be seen.
1.What makes Japan’s Henn-na Hotel unique?
A.Its robot employees. B.Its advanced equipment.
C.Its convenient location. D.Its successful management.
2.What is the author’s purpose with the example in paragraph 3?
A.To entertain readers. B.To prove Churi’s drawback.
C.To introduce Churi’s functions. D.To persuade people not to book the hotel.
3.What does the owner of Japan’s Henn-na Hotel think of his robot staff now?
A.Attractive. B.Costly.
C.Pioneering. D.Disappointing.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Robots Are Taking Over the World.
B.The Boom of Robots-staffed Hotel.
C.Robot Staff Are Fired For No Competence.
D.The First Robots-staffed Hotel Won Guinness World Record.
In 1947, the province Bengal of Pakistan was divided into two parts: the western part became India and the eastern part is known as East Bengal which was later known as East Pakistan. At that time there were many economic, social and cultural problems. In 1948, when government announced Urdu as the national language, it caused the protest among the Bengali speaking majority of Pakistan. The protest got out of control and ended with the death of four protestors of the University of Dhaka who were shot by the police on 21st February, 1952. The students’ deaths during the fight for their mother language are now remembered as The International Mother Language Day (IMLD).
Each year on Feb 21, UNESCO holds the event to draw attention to the disappearance of the world’s languages: dozens of them are disappearing each year. What happens when a language dies out? Something huge is lost -- not just sounds and marks but the way that people make sense of the world and communicate with each other. And it is through language that we have culture and tradition. Kill a language and all this is killed too.
Through IMLD, more people are becoming more aware of the destruction of linguistic (语言的) diversity in modern times and trying to stop it. The Myaamia Project is a kind of effort. This is an attempt to revive (复兴) the language spoken by the Miami and Illinois tribes (部落) of the US. Project members work to encourage people to study and communicate with this language, which formally died out in the 1960s.
This is why we should remember the wise words of Nelson Mandela: “If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to a man in his own language, that goes to his heart.”
1.What can we know from the first paragraph?
A.Bengal had the biggest population in Pakistan.
B.The conflict resulted from linguistic controversy.
C.The Bengali were the majority who spoke Urdu.
D.The police shot four students to end the protest.
2.What message does Paragraph 2 mean to convey?
A.Dozens of languages die out every February.
B.The world is known merely through languages.
C.Language helps to preserve and promote culture.
D.Much attention has been paid to language protection.
3.What does the Myaamia Project aim to do?
A.Keep linguistic diversity. B.Protect an American tribe.
C.Raise money to help the locals. D.Focus on native language learning.
4.Why does the author mention Mandela’s words?
A.To show his contribution to language protection.
B.To stress the difficulty in learning a dying language.
C.To reflect the possibility to preserve a local language.
D.To emphasize the importance of one’s mother tongue.
