Question

Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

To Be Joyful, To Be Young

What really works to make sustainable changes in diet and lifestyle? It’s probably not what you think. In the past 30 years of conducting clinical research, I1.(learn) that real keys are pleasure, joy and freedom. Joy of living is sustainable; fear of dying is not.

Why? Because life is to be enjoyed. There’s no point2.(abandon) something you enjoy unless you get something back that’s even better, and quickly. When people eat more healthfully,3.(quit) smoking, and manage stress better, they find they feel so much better, so quickly. It reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living.

When you exercise and eat right, your brain receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, have more energy, and need less sleep. Two studies showed just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many neurons(神经细胞)4. (grow) that it actually increased the size of people’s brains!

Your face receives more blood flow, so your skin glows more and wrinkles less. You look younger and more attractive. In contrast, an unhealthy diet, lasting emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face 5.you age more quickly. Smoking speeds up aging because nicotine contributes to your blood vessel becoming narrower,6.decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle prematurely. This is why smokers look years older than they really are.

One of the most interesting findings was that the mothers’ awareness of stress was more important than 7.was objectively occurring in their lives.8.(give) a questionnaire, the women were asked to rate on a three-point scale how stressed they felt each day. The women who realized they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres(染色体端粒) compared with 9.who felt more relaxed. Contrarily, some of the women who felt relaxed 10.raising a disabled child had more normal-appearing telomeres.

In other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed.

Answer

1.have learned

2.abandoning

3.quit

4.to grow

5.so that

6.which

7.what

8.Given/Having been given

9.those

10.despite/though/although

【解析】

本文是一篇哲理感悟。要快乐，要年轻。到底是什么让饮食和生活方式发生可持续的变化?可能不是你想的那样。在过去30年的临床研究中，作者认识到真正的关键是快乐和自由。

1.考查时态。句意：在过去30年的临床研究中，我认识到真正的关键是快乐和自由。根据In the past 30 years可知句子用现在完成时态，再根据句子主语I，可知答案为have learned。

2.考查固定句式。句意：放弃你喜欢的东西是没有意义的，除非你能更快得到更好的东西。固定句式：There’s no point doing sth.“做某事毫无意义”，故答案为abandoning。

3.考查并列谓语。句意：当人们吃得更健康，戒烟，更好地管理压力时，他们才会发现自己感觉更好，而且很快。此处是并列谓语，故答案为quit。

4.考查动词不定式。句意：两项研究表明，仅仅是每周步行3个小时，持续3个月，就会导致如此多的神经元生长，这实际上增加了人们大脑的大小!固定句式：cause +宾语+to do sth.“引起……做某事”，此处是动词不定式作宾语补足语，故答案为to grow。

5.考查目的状语从句。句意：相反，不健康的饮食、持续的情绪压力和吸烟会减少流向面部的血液，从而加速衰老。结合句意可知此处是so that引导的目的状语从句，故答案为so that。

6.考查定语从句。句意：吸烟会加速衰老，因为尼古丁会使你的血管变细，从而减少流向面部的血液，使其过早起皱。前面整个句子作先行词，后面的非限制性定语从句用which引导，故答案为which。

7.考查比较状语从句。句意：最有趣的发现之一是，母亲对压力的意识比她们生活中客观发生的事情更重要。此处是比较状语从句，than后面的从句缺少引导词和主语，所填词其双重作用，故答案为what。

8.考查过去分词或现在分词完成式的被动式。句意：在一份调查问卷中，研究人员要求这些女性对自己每天感受到的压力进行三分制评分。句子主语the women和动词give之间是被动关系，且give动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，所以这里用过去分词或现在分词完成式的被动式作时间状语。故答案为Given/Having been given。

9.考查替代。句意：与那些感到放松的女性相比，那些意识到自己处于巨大压力下的女性，染色体端粒明显缩短和受损。此处表示替代，用those替代前面的The women，故答案为those。

10.考查介词+doing或连词+doing结构。句意：相反，一些尽管养育了残疾儿童却感到放松的女性，染色体端粒看起来更正常。此处相当于让步状语从句，结合句意可知答案为despite/though/although。