We've known for years that plants can see,hear,smell and communicate with chemicals.Now, reported New Scientist,they have been recorded making sounds when stressed.
In a yet-to-be-published study, Itzhak Khait and his team at Tel Aviv University, in Israel, found that tomato and tobacco plants can make ultrasonic(超声的)noises. The plants "cry out" due to lack of water,or when they are cut. It's just too high-pitched(音调高的）for humans to hear.
Microphones placed 10 centimeters away from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz(干赫兹)。Human hearing usually ranges from 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz."These findings can change the way we think about the plant kingdom,”they wrote.
On average,"thirsty"tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour,while tobacco plants made 11. When they were cut,tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour,and tobacco plants 15.Unstressed plants produced less than one sound per hour,on average.
Perhaps most interestingly,different types of stress led to different sounds.The researchers trained a machine-learning model to separate the plants' sounds from those of the wind,rain and other noises of the greenhouse.In most cases,it correctly recognized whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut.Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco,for example.Although Khait and his colleagues only looked at tomato and tobacco plants,they think other plants also make sounds when stressed.
If farmers could hear these sounds,said the team,they could give water to the plants that need it most.As climate change causes more droughts,they said this would be important information for farmers. "The sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision(精准) agriculture, "said Anne Visscher at the Royal Botanic Gardens,Kew,in the UK.
Khait's report also suggests that insects can hear the sounds up to 5 meters away and respond. For example,a moth(蛾子）may decide not to lay eggs on a water-stressed plant.Edward Farmer. at the University of Lausanne,Switzerland,is doubtful.He said that the idea of moths listening to plants is"a little too speculative”。
If plants are screaming(尖叫）for fear of their survival,maybe we should be glad we can't hear them.
1.Paragraph 3 mainly explains_______.
A.where humans differ from plants
B.how the research was carried out
C.what the findings of the study are
D.why humans can't hear the cries of plants
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the study?
A.All plants make sounds when they feel hungry.
B.Stressed plants make more sounds than unstressed ones.
C.Tobacco plants are more afraid of thirsty than being cut.
D.The more stressed a plant is,the louder sounds it makes.
3.What does the underlined word"speculative"in Paragraph 7 probably mean?
A.Surprising.
B.Uncertain.
C.Incorrect.
D.Unique.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Deaf humans
B.Stressed plants
C.Silent screams
D.Precision agriculture
Actor Kirk Douglas, who was in Hollywood’s golden age, died on February 5th, 2020. He was 103 years old. His son, actor Michael Douglas said, “To the world he was a legend, a humanitarian (人道主义者), an actor who lived from the golden age of movies well into his golden years.”
Born on December 9th, 1916, in Amsterdam, New York, Douglas changed his name to Kirk Douglas before entering the Navy during World War II. Before serving in the war, he made his Broadway debut (首秀) in the musical Spring Again. After he left the Navy in 1944, he returned to act in New York in the theater, commercials and radio.
By the late 1940s and early 1950s, Douglas had turned to film and began to be a box office heavyweight. Champion, the 1949 film about a boxer, earned him his first Oscar nomination (提名). He acted in several Westerns throughout his career, beginning with 1951’s Along the Great Duide. He also applied his service experience in Hollywood films such as Top Secret Affair, Paths of Glory and Seven Days in May. Douglas was perhaps best known for his leading role in 1960’s Spartacus, which he also produced. He was also praised for his more lighthearted role in 20,000 Leagues under the Sea.
The Hollywood great was nominated for Academy Awards three times throughout his career, and was presented with an honorary Oscar in 1996. In the same year he suffered a stroke, seriously damaging his ability to speak. However, it never kept him out of the public eye. Following recovery, Douglas wrote a book My Stroke of Luck in which he said his life changed for the better. He wrote several other books, including three memoirs (回忆录). Douglas also returned to the screen three years later in the films Diamonds. It Runs in the Family and Before I Forget.
1.Which of the following things about Kirk Douglas happened first?
A.Serving in the war.
B.Returning to act in the theatre.
C.Writing several books.
D.Making the Broadway debut.
2.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Kirk’s experience in the Navy played a role in some of his films.
B.Kirk became more famous after his recovery from his illness.
C.Kirk won Academy Awards four times throughout his career.
D.Kirk’s success was mainly due to the golden age of movies.
3.How can Kirk Douglas be described during his illness and recovery?
A.Honest.
B.Discouraged.
C.Optimistic.
D.Upset.
Drawing and Creativity for Big Little Artists
Those between 6 and 100 years old who want to improve as artists, parents who want creative activities to do as a family, and teachers and educators who need to add new dynamics to their classes.
What you need
To carry out this course you will not need to know how to draw or any other special ability. All the advised material is only a suggestion. If you do not find any of the materials, dare to experiment with what you have at home. Sometimes you can use coins and glasses instead of a ruler of circles, or markers instead of ink.
1.How many parts is the course made up of?
A.4. B.5. C.10. D.14.
2.The course is not suitable for__________.
A.Annie, who is a famous painter
B.Edwin, who teaches in a primary school
C.Joana, who has a five-year-old daughter
D.Mike, who is a retired worker and loves arts
3.Where can you possibly find this advertisement?
A.In a handbook.
B.In a newspaper.
C.In a painting book.
D.In an e-magazine.
假如你是李华，2019年下半年在纽约大学作为交换生交流了半年，寄住在Carl家。回国后，你用顺丰快递（S.F. Express)给他家寄了一些礼物。请给Carl写封电子邮件告知此事。
要点如下：1.对Carl及他的家人表示感谢。
2.礼物接收。
3.邀请他及家人来中国旅游。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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假定英语课上英语老师要求同桌之间互相修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A),并在该词下面写出该加的词。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。
Dear Miss Brown,
I'm writing to express my gratitude for your kind help in the School English Drama Festival,as has turned out to be amazing success.
It's nice of you to have been offered us a class of presentation skills and basic techniques.Under your professional help,the participants gave so an impressive performance.Some of us students overcame the fear of acting in front of audience and gaining tremendous confidence.Others developed communication skills and knew what to cooperate in a team.Most important,this activity has fueled their passion for English Drama.
Many thanks for your time and supports.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nation bans consumption of wild animals
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus(冠状病毒),which is thought to have emerged at a seafood market in Wuhan,Hubei province,1.wildlife was sold illegally,has urged China's top legislature(立法机构) to make 2. swift decision to thoroughly ban the eating of wildlife across the country.
The decision 3.(make) by the National People's Congress Standing Committee on Monday has indicated that all wild animals on the protection list of the existing Wild Animal Protection Law 4.(ban) from consumption.
The decision, 5.(consist)of eight articles,focuses on the problem of some people eating wild animals. 6.(it)aim is to completely ban eating wild animals,stop the illegal wildlife trade and promote environmental protection and public health 7.(aware).
Also,under some special circumstances and with the regulations of relevant laws,wild animals can be used 8.non-edible(非食用的)purposes,such as for 9.(science)research,for drugs and display. 10.,strict application and approval procedures are required,according to the decision.
