Question

    Every year, over 7.72 trillion kilograms of plastic is washed into the oceans. There are five huge areas in the world’s oceans that are a “soup” of floating rubbish. One of these areas, the Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP), is three times as large as France.

Over a year ago, a group called Ocean Cleanup began using a huge floating screen to try to clean up plastic pollution in the ocean. After several failures, the group is now collecting plastic in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. But the plastic is spreading out over a large area, so it's impossible to collect it piece by piece. So, the Ocean Cleanup had a plan. They got a long floating U-shaped tube with a screen hanging below it. As the tube and screen are pushed by the water and the winds, the U is meant to collect plastic rubbish, making it easy for a ship to collect and remove the plastic. The system uses the power of the wind and ocean, so it doesn’t need fuel.

The group began testing the first version, called “System 001”, last September. But it soon became clear that the screen was just moving with the plastic, not collecting it. Sometimes plastic would wash over the top of the tube. Even worse, System 001 got broken by surging seas and had to be towed to Hawaii for repairs.

But Mr. Slat, who got the idea for the Ocean Cleanup system, sees the project as an experiment, which means a failure is a chance to learn. The team collected and studied lots of information about what worked well and what didn’t. Then they changed the design. In June, an improved version, called “System001/B” was towed back to the GPGP.

The new version has a parachute (降落伞) attached to it. This makes the system move slightly slower than the plastic, allowing the plastic to be collected inside, as planned. But this success is still just the beginning of the work of the Ocean Cleanup. They want a better and larger system.

1.What does the author want to show in Paragraph 1?

A.Humans should try to prevent plastic waste.

B.The GPGP is facing different kinds of pollution.

C.Plastic pollution in the oceans has become a serious problem.

D.A series of problems has been caused by plastic pollution.

2.What was the group’s plan?

A.To make use of the water and the winds.

B.To create a ship to collect waste in the oceans.

C.To collect the floating plastic waste piece by piece.

D.To gather up the floating plastic waste in the oceans.

3.What can we know about the “System001”?

A.It was a failure. B.It was a great success.

C.It worked with a parachute. D.It needed to be fueled regularly.

4.What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 3?

A.vast B.rough C.calm D.peaceful

Answer

1.C

2.D

3.A

4.B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章讲述每年有大量塑料垃圾被冲入海洋并漂浮在海面上，一个叫做Ocean Cleanup的团队研制出了收集塑料垃圾的工具并不断地进行完善。

1.推理判断题。根据第一段Every year, over 7.72 trillion kilograms of plastic is washed into the oceans. There are five huge areas in the world’s oceans that are a “soup” of floating rubbish. One of these areas, the Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP), is three times as large as France.可知每年有超过7.72万亿公斤的塑料被冲进海洋。世界上有五个巨大的海洋区域是漂浮垃圾的“汤”。其中的大太平洋垃圾带（GPGP）的面积是法国的三倍。由此可推知，在第一段中，作者通过列数字的方式是想表达海洋中的塑料污染已经成为一个严重的问题。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据第二段中Over a year ago, a group called Ocean Cleanup began using a huge floating screen to try to clean up plastic pollution in the ocean. After several failures, the group is now collecting plastic in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.可知一年多前，一个名为海洋清理的组织开始使用一个巨大的浮动筛来清理海洋中的塑料污染。经过几次失败后，该组织现在正在大太平洋垃圾带收集塑料。由此可知，这个团体的计划是收集海洋中漂浮的塑料垃圾。故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段中But it soon became clear that the screen was just moving with the plastic, not collecting it. Sometimes plastic would wash over the top of the tube. Even worse, System 001 got broken by surging seas and had to be towed to Hawaii for repairs.但很快就发现，这块筛只是随着塑料的移动而移动，而不能收集垃圾。有时塑料会从管子的顶部冲洗出来。更糟糕的是，System 001被汹涌的海浪打破，不得不被拖到夏威夷进行维修。以及第四段第一句But Mr. Slat, who got the idea for the Ocean Cleanup system, sees the project as an experiment, which means a failure is a chance to learn.可知但产生海洋清理系统想法的Slat认为，这个项目是一个实验，也就是说，失败是一个学习的机会。由此可知，System001失败了。故选A。

4.词义猜测题。根据上文Even worse, System 001 got broken可知有更糟糕的是，系统001被汹涌的海浪打破，不得不被拖到夏威夷进行维修。由此可知，划线单词意思为“汹涌的，猛烈的”。故选B。