Question

    “Nomophobia”, NO Mobile Phone phobia(恐惧) is a 21^st-century term for the fear of not being able to use your smartphone. Smartphone addiction is on the rise, surveys show, and a new study released adds to a growing body of evidence that smartphone addiction is harming our minds literally.

Smartphone addiction affects many people from all across the globe. Over 1.8 billion people own smartphones and the average owners check their screens 150 times a day. Considering those numbers, it shouldn’t come as a surprise when 44% of people (compared with 20% in 2011) admit feeling anxious when they can’t have access to their phones.

Researchers from Harvard University used brain imaging to study the brains of 19 teenage boys who were diagnosed with smartphone addiction. Compared with 19 teenagers who were not addicted, the brains of the addicted boys had significantly higher levels of GABA, which decelerates neurons (神经元)， than levels of glutamate-glutamine, which energizes brain signals. That results in poorer attention and control, which you don’t want to have, because you want to stay focused. So that means you are easier to get distracted.

“Addicted teenagers in the study also had significantly higher scores in anxiety, depression and levels of impulsiveness (冲动) ,” said Dr. Leslie Perlow, who led the study.

If you seem to have the symptoms of smart device addiction, experts have some suggestions in addition to mindfulness training. First, turn off your phone at certain times of the day, such as in meetings, when having dinner, playing with your kids, and of course, driving. Remove social media apps, like Facebook and Twitter from your phone, and only check-in from your laptop. Try to stop yourself to 15-minute intervals at set times of the day when it won’t affect work or family life. Don’t bring your cellphone and its harmful blue light to bed, and use an old-fashioned alarm to wake you. And last, try to replace your smart device time with healthier activities such as meditating or actually interacting with real people.

1.What is the conclusion of the research?

A.Smartphone addiction leads to distraction.

B.Smartphone addiction easily causes anger.

C.Smartphone addiction is harmful to the mind.

D.Smartphone addiction brings about anxiety and depression.

2.Where can you find the data that best supports smartphone addiction is on the rise?

A.In Paragraph 2. B.In Paragraph 3.

C.In Paragraph 4. D.In Paragraph 5.

3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “decelerates” in Paragraph 3?

A.Speeds up. B.Slows down.

C.Adds to. D.Cuts down.

4.Which of the suggestions is encouraged according to the text?

A.To use an old-fashion cellphone. B.To participate in more social activities.

C.To stop fifteen-minute intervals. D.To turn off the blue light on bed.

Answer

1.C

2.A

3.B

4.B

【解析】

这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。研究表明，沉迷于手机的人越来越多，而沉迷于手机对人的心智有很大影响。本文就如何戒除沉迷手机这一问题，提出了几个可行的建议。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的a new study released adds to a growing body of evidence that smartphone addiction is harming our minds literally.“一项新的研究表明，越来越多的证据表明，智能手机成瘾正在伤害我们的大脑。”由此可知，智能手机成瘾对大脑有害。故选C。

2.推理判断题。文章第二段引入了和手机上瘾有关的若干数据，具体说明了手机使用的大致人数、使用时间及受到影响的人数等。特别是根据第三句Considering those numbers, it shouldn’t come as a surprise when 44% of people (compared with 20% in 2011) admit feeling anxious when they can’t have access to their phones.“考虑到这些数字，44%的人(2011年为20%)承认当他们无法使用手机时会感到焦虑，这一点也不足为奇。”可知，第二段提供了数据，说明手机上瘾问题在持续增多。故选A。

3.词义猜测题。根据划线词后的than levels of glutamate-glutamine, which energizes brain signals. That results in poorer attention and control,“比谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺的水平要高，它能激活大脑信号。这会导致注意力和控制力下降，”可知，手机上瘾使得注意力分散，这是因为它首先让神经元的活动变慢。由此可知，decelerates与slow down的意思相同。故选B。

4.细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句And last, try to replace your smart device time with healthier activities such as meditating or actually interacting with real people.“最后，试着用更健康的活动来取代你在智能设备上的时间，比如冥想或与真人互动。”可知，作者建议多参加社交活动。故选B。