Climbing Without Ropes
The popular image of the mountain climber is of a person carefully climbing a steep cliff with a network of safety ropes, but it is not the only kind. Many climbers now enjoy bouldering. It’s more accessible and better for the environment.
What is bouldering? Bouldering is a sport that involves climbing on, over, and around boulders up to approximately twenty feet above the ground. Participants employ no safety ropes. | ||
Why boulder? improve your climbing skills by focusing on basics places to climb, such as climbing walls at gyms and parks, easy to find less time commitment to bouldering than to mountain climbing intellectual and physical enjoyment as one solves problems |
| Bouldering Terms crimp: a very small handhold foothold: a place where one may place a foot to aid in climbing boulder jug: a very large handhold that is easy to use problem: The path up a boulder is referred to as the “problem” that one must solve. The “solution” is the sequence of moves one makes up and over a boulder. |
Here is an example of a climber addressing a bouldering problem.
Figure 1: The climber has two routes she could take, one to the left and one to the right. The left one appears easier because it has a jug within easy reach, but look what happens if she chooses that direction. She gets stuck on the rock and has to go back down. Sometimes that is even difficult than going up.
Figure 2: The climber takes the one to the right this time. using a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp, she is able to life herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.
1.According to the passage, bouldering ________.
A.is an indoor sport B.has no safety protection
C.needs maps and equipment D.is a steep cliff climbing
2.Bouldering becomes popular because ________.
A.it challenges the limits B.it costs less
C.it builds minds and bodies D.it is a team game
3.According to the example, the right route is ________.
A.a shortcut B.a dead end
C.tough but to the top D.lined with jugs
语法填空
When you read a story in English, do you read it for the story 1. for the English language?This is a question which is not so 2.(fool) as it may seem, for I find that many students of English pay 3.(much) attention to the story than to the English. For instance, they care for how the mystery in the story 4.(settle)，but can not tell what preposition(介词)5.(use) before a certain word in the speech of a certain character.
Of course, if you want to know the story only, you need not focus 6.the language. But a student of English is different from a student of stories or what is called the general reader.7. you may also have learned from the above，you ought to read not only very 8.(care) but also aloud till you learn the passage by heart and can recite it as if it were your own. On one hand, this will teach you many useful 9. (word) and phrases; on the other hand, it will help you avoid 10.(make) many mistakes in expression.
The science teacher，Mr.Black，had asked his students to study a particular animal. They were asked to ______ a short report and then make a ______ in class.Some talked about dogs，others about horses，and some chose fish. But the most ______ discovery of all was made by little Sophie.
“I found that _____ are terribly bad- tempered(坏脾气的)，”she said for certain .
Everyone smiled, waiting for her to______. Then Sophie explained, " I spent hours _____ flies. When they flew normally，everything was okay,_____when they found a window they would make a noisy sound. I had always thought they make that noise ____ their wings, but they don't. With my daddy's binoculars(双筒望远镜)，I watched the flies really_______，and saw that ____ they were doing was shouting. They were angry. They______ fly out of the window. Later, a butterfly passing by the window tried to ____ them the top of the window was open, but it had no effect at all. The flies just ____ shouting.”
Mr.Black laughed and explained to the class that the flies’ behaviour had nothing to do with ____. Instead, it was an example of animals having different levels of intelligence（智力）.At the ____ of the class， Mr. Black asked the students to bring a list of animals in order of their intelligence.
What surprised Mr Black was that many parents came to the school to ____ the next day, ____ their children had listed their parents among the least ______animals! This，said the children, was because their parents did ______ but complain.
Mr. Black had to do a lot of explaining to calm the parents down. However, it also helped some of the parent
_____ that although they weren't stupid,they didn't often behave very intelligently.
1.A.write B.listen C.review D.give
2.A.word B.speech C.performance D.wish
3.A.challenging B.terrible C.interesting D.important
4.A.dogs B.horses C.fish D.flies
5.A.look B.stay C.leave D.continue
6.A.enjoying B.watching C.talking D.thinking
7.A.and B.but C.besides D.since
8.A.on B.for C.with D.about
9.A.closely B.quietly C.quickly D.safely
10.A.how B.when C.why D.what
11.A.couldn't B.shouldn't C.needn't D.mustn't
12.A.ask B.tell C.answer D.call
13.A.took on B.relied on C.kept on D.lived on
14.A.happiness B.anger C.beauty D.shape
15.A.beginning B.middle C.half D.end
16.A.praise B.complain C.doubt D.play
17.A.so B.until C.because D.and
18.A.brave B.humorous C.clever D.kind
19.A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing
20.A.realise B.think C.wake D.believe
A teenager needs to have a sense of independence in their life to feel secure（安全的）. To some teenagers independence means a lot to them, and I think that some parents don’t allow their teenagers enough independence.
Independence has something to do with freedom. Some kids are not allowed to go anywhere alone, and the only thing their schedule includes is going to school, coming home, going to sleep, and repeating the process the next day. Parents tend to be afraid that their kids can get hurt if they go outside into the world. But if parents control their kids too much, they may never learn to live on their own. The best way for a teenager to learn lesson is through experience. I think it is beneficial for teenagers to have freedom.
Teenagers’ lack of freedom can also stop them from having good friendship at school. Some might say this is a good thing, because it helps them focus more on their school work. I argue that this can only discourage them not to do their school work. Some parents do not allow their children to be around their friends outside the school, thinking that this will get them into trouble. But I don’t think so. Instead, isn’t this a good reason for parents to get their children a cellphone? Cellphones allow teenagers to stay in touch with their parents, and communicate with friends.
Privacy is another issue between parents and their teenagers. Teenagers tend to enjoy relaxation by themselves in their own room. This also gives them a sense of independence. It often annoys teenagers when their parents enter their room when they are not home. I know that my mom always goes in my room when I’m not home, and this has brought me to the point where I have asked many times to get a lock on my door.
1.What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
A.Kids know how to live independently.
B.Some parents allow their kids no freedom.
C.It benefits teenagers to have freedom.
D.Kids have a dull routine every day
2.In the opinion of the author, ___________.
A.parents should make it easy for kids to communicate with their friends
B.good friendships between kids harm their school work
C.it is unnecessary for a kid to have a cellphone
D.kids should focus on the school work
3.How do teenagers usually feel when their parents enter their rooms in their absence?
A.Disappointed B.Lucky
C.Angry D.Calm
4.The author hopes to have her door locked in order to ______________.
A.keep her father from reading her dairy B.prevent her mother entering her room
C.Protect herself from any harm D.Stop thieves from going in
同义句转化，每空一词
1.Their house is like ours，but ours has a bigger garden.
Their house _______ _______ _______ ours，but ours has a bigger garden.
2.Unlike his younger brother，Tim can keep clam when in danger.
________ ________ his younger brother，Tim can keep clam when in danger.
3.Don’t worry .If anything goes wrong，I’ll take responsibility for it.
Don’t worry .If anything goes wrong，I’ll _______ _______ _______ it.
4.Many students lost in playing computer games will eventually get their future ruined .
Many students ________ ________ playing computer games will eventually get their future ruined .
根据语境及汉语或首字母提示正确拼写单词
1.In his spare time，he loves reading ________________(冒险) stories as entertainment.
2.Last mouth，an_______________（专家）was invited to address the students on the topic of how to relieve stress before examinations.
3.Nowadays in China，you can see few families in which three ____________（代）live together.
4.To look at sea life up close，people have created different kinds of ____________（特别的）equipment.
5.Time ran out before we could get down to the _______________（细节）of the plan.
6.I’m sure the new computer system will meet all your r____________.
7.Jackie looks after his younger sister as if he were an a____________.
8.Born in a very w__________ family，the girl doesn’t need to worry about food and has a lot of beautiful clothes to wear.
