假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese have a saying: “Firewood, rice, oil, salt, vinegar and tea are the seven 1. (necessary) to begin a day.” For the Chinese, tea drinking and tasting are not similar. Tea drinking can help us keep up one’s spirit 2.tea tasting has cultural meaning. Tea and tea sets should match 3. (surround) such as the breeze, the bright moon, pines, bamboo and snow. All these show the goal of Chinese culture: the 4. (harmony) unity of human beings with nature.
5. (compare) to personal characters, its flavor is pleasant, low-key and 6. (last). A friendship between gentlemen is also like a cup of tea. 7.a cup of tea in hand, enjoying the green leaves in a white china cup, you will feel the peace, 8.(leave) fame, wealth and other earthly concerns far away.
9.(similar), tea-drinking habits vary in different parts of China. Generally, flowering tea is popular in northern China; green tea 10. (prefer) in eastern China and black tea is fit for people in Fujian and Guangdong. Tea is commonly available not only in Chinese restaurants and grocery shops nationwide but also worldwide.
Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up earlier. _______ this may seem a little concern, it is in fact a significant environmental problem. The _______ hibernation period could actually lead to significant declines in the populations of several species.
Some of the first concrete evidence of the _______ came from Colorado, where researchers at the Rocky Mountain Biological lab have been observing marmot (旱獭) hibernation behavior since the 1970s. In the early days of their studies, marmots generally hibernated several weeks into the month of May. Nowadays, _______, temperatures in the area have risen by 2.5 degrees Fahrenheit, and the marmots are waking up about a month _______.
At least the marmots are _______ hibernating. Several other animals have not been hibernating at all recently. Brown bears in the Spanish Cantabrian Mountains did not hibernate last year. In parts of the United States, chipmunks (花鼠) also _______ the hibernation period. The bears seem to have _______ without losing many individuals. The chipmunks, however, were not so _______. Many of the animals died ________ starvation during the winter.
The problem with animals waking up early, or skipping hibernation altogether ________ the creatures' metabolism (新陈代谢). When an animal hibernates, their metabolism drops significantly. The animals' heart rate ________, and they require very little energy to live. When the animals awake from their winter slumber (睡眠), their metabolism returns to ________.
But while their metabolism may be as active as it was before hibernation, food sources aren't as ________ as they were before. A marmot may wake up when temperatures get ________, thinking it's spring, but plants will not have gotten the amount of sun they need to signal their spring period of growth. So until the plants grow, the marmots have no ________ food source.
Many scientists believe the problem will continue to get ________. ________ changes in hibernation patterns, some believe that other animals will also begin to change their migration patterns or begin to give birth earlier. For many biologists, that's a ________ prospect. Terry Root, an animal expert at Stanford University, said: "I do think what we will be facing is the ________ of many species."
1.A.When B.But C.While D.So
2.A.increased B.shortened C.declined D.spread
3.A.phenomenon B.atmosphere C.circumstance D.situation
4.A.but B.so C.therefore D.however
5.A.later B.earlier C.longer D.before
6.A.still B.thus C.never D.not
7.A.entered B.failed C.skipped D.lost
8.A.died B.lived C.survived D.existed
9.A.delighted B.lucky C.mild D.refreshed
10.A.from B.in C.with D.of
11.A.lie down B.lie with C.get into D.get along with
12.A.decreases B.slows C.stops D.falls
13.A.abnormal B.average C.ordinary D.normal
14.A.available B.rich C.full D.enough
15.A.hotter B.better C.cooler D.warmer
16.A.steady B.reliable C.casual D.fixed
17.A.unfortunate B.harmful C.disappointed D.worse
18.A.In addition to B.As a result of C.Due to D.In spite of
19.A.desperate B.hopeful C.scary D.eager
20.A.survival B.tendency C.existence D.extinction
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. 1.Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?
2.They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions. 3.In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team’s performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” 4.
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
5. An A-team may require a balance--not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.
A.It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B.Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.
C.The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.
D.Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E.Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F.Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G.This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
Young children often “read” picture books. They’re attracted by the colorful scenery and the realistic characters that contribute to fascinating plots.
Unfortunately, some children can’t use these resources, even if they do know how to read. Take three-year old Elodie Bateson, for example. Elodie was born with under-developed eyes and has retinal detachments（视网膜脱落），making her visually impaired.
It is because of people like Elodie that Tom Yeh, head of the Tactile Picture Books Project, has started printing 3D books, so they can feel the illustrations in picture books.
The first book Tom Yeh printed was Goodnight Moon, a popular children’s book about a rabbit going to sleep and wishing good night to his surroundings. In the 3D version of this book， children can feel each thing that the rabbit says good night to, whether it is a cow jumping over the moon, a balloon, or a dollhouse.
Generally, when children grow older, they read by using Braille, a language that was invented by Louis Braille in 1824. It uses different patterns of raised dots representing different letters. Readers can then feel the dots and mentally translate the patterns they feel into words. The only problem is that many blind children do not start learning Braille until they are about six years old.
Another reason why 3D printed books are such a valuable resource is that children don’t have to know how to read to understand them. However, without these, visually impaired kids are losing six developmental years vital to their growth since they can ’t take advantage of picture books.
When 3D picture books are printed, plastic is layered（分层放置）repeatedly over a single shape: the shape of the illustration. These raised pictures created through layered plastic serve as substitutes for the Braille letters that little children have no knowledge of.
1.What does the underlined word “impaired” in paragraph 2 mean？
A.Unmatched. B.Disappeared.
C.Defeated. D.Damaged.
2.What can we know about Braille from Paragraph 5？
A.The blind at any age can read by using Braille.
B.Most people can translate Braille into words.
C.Blind kids begin learning Braille at about six years old.
D.Braille uses similar patterns of raised dots to stand for different letters.
3.We can know that the illustrations in 3D books are raised ______ .
A.dots B.pictures
C.letters D.plastic
4.What is the aim of the Tactile Picture Books Project？
A.To teach the blind children Braille.
B.To encourage kids to read books.
C.To cure visually impaired children.
D.To help the blind children read picture books.
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
1.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A.They developed very fast. B.They were large in number.
C.They had similar patters. D.They were closely connected
2.Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2？
A.Complex. B.Advanced.
C.Powerful. D.Modern.
3.How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?
A.About 6,800 . B.About 3,400
C.About 2,400 D.About 1,200.
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A.New languages will be created.
B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C.Human development results in fewer languages.
D.Geography determines language evolution.
