Question

    You probably have a resume (个人简历) that you adjust from time to time, adding skills here or new titles there. It’s important to keep your resume updated to reflect your growing set of abilities and accomplishments. But it might come as a surprise to hear that The New York Times recommends writing a second resume. You list your failures, mistakes, and struggles along the way. By keeping track of your failures and reflecting on them in a way that’s constructive, you can learn from your mistakes and achieve more in the future.

Here’s how it works: In the format of your choice, make a list of your failures, whether it’s schools that rejected you, projects that failed, or goals you didn’t quite achieve. The key is not to dwell on these mistakes for hours, according to Melanie Stefan, a lecturer at Edinburgh Medical School who inspired several academics to create their own failure resumes a few years ago.

“If you dare and can afford to make it public, it will be six times as long as your normal resume. It will probably be totally discouraging at first sight,” Stefan wrote in an article that originally appeared in the journal Nature.

“But it will remind you of the missing truths, some of the essential parts of what it means to be a scientist and it might inspire a colleague to shake off a rejection and start again.”

Scientists aren’t the only ones who can benefit from reflecting on their mistakes. J.K. Rowling, for instance, is one of the many wildly successful people who has spoken publicly about her failures. And researchers at Columbia University announced last year that they planned to interview Nobel winners about their own failures in an attempt to better understand how personal and professional losses can promote learning.

1.What can be found in the failure resume?

A.Skills and new titles. B.Abilities and achievements.

C.Goals and academic results. D.Failures, mistakes and struggles.

2.What does the underlined phrase “dwell on” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Thoroughly forget. B.Always think about.

C.Completely avoid. D.Repeatedly correct.

3.Why did researchers at Columbia University plan to interview Nobel winners?

A.To make the “failure resume” public. B.To remind people of the missing truths.

C.To show how failures can improve learning. D.To inspire more people to start all over again.

4.What is Stefan’s attitude to the “failure resume”?

A.Doubtful. B.Approving.

C.Negative. D.Tolerant.

Answer

1.D

2.B

3.C

4.B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在个人简历中更新中加入失败、错误和一直以来的努力会让你从错误中吸取教训，并在未来取得更大的成就。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段But it might come as a surprise to hear that The New York Times recommends writing a second resume. You list your failures, mistakes, and struggles along the way. 可知，但是听到纽约时报建议再写一份简历，可能会让你大吃一惊。你列出你的失败，错误，和一直以来的努力。由此可知，在这份新的简历里面会看到自己的失败，错误和一直以来的努力。选项D符合题意。故选D项。

2.词句猜测题。根据关键词定位到文章的第二段第二句：The key is not to dwell on these mistakes for hours, according to Melanie Stefan, a lecturer at Edinburgh Medical School who inspired several academics to create their own failure resumes a few years ago.可知，爱丁堡医学院讲师梅兰妮·斯蒂芬说，关键是不要在几个小时内dwell on这些错误，几年前，她鼓舞了几位学者创造了他们自己的失败履历。结合本段第一句In the format of your choice, make a list of your failures, whether it’s schools that rejected you, projects that failed, or goals you didn’t quite achieve.可知，在你选择的格式中，列出你的失败，不管是学校拒绝了你，项目失败了，还是你没有完全实现的目标。由此可知，在写失败的简历时，要列出自己的失误，但不要总是念念不忘。选项B符合题意。故选B项。

3.细节理解题。根据关键词定位文章第五段第二句And researchers at Columbia University announced last year that they planned to interview Nobel winners about their own failures in an attempt to better understand how personal and professional losses can promote learning.可知，哥伦比亚大学的研究人员去年宣布，他们计划对诺贝尔奖获得者就他们自己的失败采访，以更好地了解个人和职业损失如何促进学习。由此可知，了解失败可以促进学习。选项C符合题意。故选C项。

4.推理判断题。根据第四段中Stefan说的But it will remind you of the missing truths, some of the essential parts of what it means to be a scientist and it might inspire a colleague to shake off a rejection and start again.(但它会让你想起那些遗漏的真理，一些对于一名科学家意味着什么的重要部分，它可能会激励你的同事摆脱拒绝，重新开始)可推知，Stefan对于简历中陈述失误的立场是赞同的，是肯定的。选项B符合题意。故选B项。