Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
你居住的社区准备改建一块空地，现就两个改建方案征求居民意见。方案一：建一个可以停放30辆车的停车场；方案二：建一个篮球场和一个网球场。假设你是方方，给居委会(Residential Committee)写一封信表达你的想法。你的信必须满足以下要求：
1. 简述你写信的目的及你支持的改建方案：
2. 说明你的理由。
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Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.轻松的背景音乐会对工作效率产生积极的影响吗？（effect）
2.考虑到当日达递送服务的收费要高不少，我们不一定非得使用它。（necessarily）
3.这条新建的地铁延长线会使附近街区的人们获得很大的益处。（benefit v.）
4.我认为你在上司面前卖弄知识并不明智，因为你可能会冒犯到她。（offend）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible.
Right Colors for Restaurant Walls?
Have you ever noticed that many restaurants have red or orange walls? This fashion comes from the widely held belief that these two colors stimulate the appetite. Restauranteurs hope that by stimulating the appetites of their customers in this way, they can encourage them to order more food.
A large fast - food chain recently decided to test the belief that the color of the decoration affects how much food their customers order. This company has restaurants in major cities across the US and serves customers of all ages, including small children. The traditional decoration of this restaurant chain includes beige（米色的）paint on the walls. For this test, the company painted the walls in half of its restaurants orange, leaving the other half of its restaurants with their original beige walls. In order to make up for the possible influence of cultural differences between cities, the company made sure that in every city where its restaurants are located, there were both restaurants with orange walls and restaurants with beige walls.
The restaurant chain kept track of exactly what foods were ordered in each restaurant for one year before the walls were painted, and then again for one year after the walls had been painted. They found no difference. On average, customers in each restaurant, whether is had beige or of the company said. “We have proven it.”
The wall s of all the restaurants in the chain have been restored to their original beige color. The company president explained that this color is part of the company’s image. Now that the study is over, people might be confused if they walked into a restaurant expecting beige walls and got orange instead, so the company president explained.
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Luwak Coffee Indonesia
Luwak coffee is one of the most expensive coffees in the world, because it has extraordinary value and its availability is very rare. Indonesian Luwak coffee, or civet(麝香猫) coffee, sells well and is very popular with coffee lovers because it is considered to have a smooth and friendly taste in the stomach.
1. Many are disgusted with the basic ingredients that come from animal feces(粪便). Because of this, these drinks also get bad nicknames in various countries. Even so, the Indonesian Luwak coffee industry seems uninterrupted and still sells well at high prices.
2. These three factors are a long production process, the amount of harvest that is not as large as ordinary coffee beans, and the taste of coffee that is not thick.
Initially, this drink was discovered by local people who are curious about the taste of coffee. They find seeds that are still complete in the feces of a cat - like animal, so they process seeds from the dirt, bake, then make a drink. The enjoyment of this drink is heard by the Dutch government. They then collect and sell Indonesian civet coffee at very high prices.
The process begins when coffee plants enter the harvest period. Fruit that is ready for harvest will begin to turn reddish. 3. The fruit eaten will be digested by this animal, strangely the digestion of this animal cannot destroy the layer of coffee. The dirt or feces from the civets will later be collected to be cleaned.
After cleaning, the next process is roasting. The roasting process is only up to the medium roast level. The reason is to maintain a unique sense of character. The roasted seeds are then packaged in whole beans or powder for sale. 4.
A.In fact, coffee beans in each region have different taste character.
B.Luwak has the habit and ability to choose the best quality coffee fruit, so this animal will eat fruit with good seeds.
C.Not everyone can appreciate this drink.
D.Some breeding areas even open a civet coffee cafe so that visitors can enjoy the most expensive coffee immediately after baking.
E.There are three main factors that make Indonesian Luwak coffee more expensive than coffee in general.
F.What is the actual production process of civet coffee?
We all have a tendency to fake laugh, particularly when authority figures in our lives try to make a joke that just doesn’t land. Though it might feel rude not to laugh when your in-laws or boss try to say something funny, pretending to do so might not be much better. It turns out, even if you think that your forced laughing sounds genuine, people are usually pretty good at separating truly spirited belly laughs from fake ones. But how can they possible know the difference?
Well, when researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles studied the acoustic and perceptual differences between real and fake laughter, they found that some of the sounds associated with genuine laughter is “really hard to fake.” In their study, the researchers determined that subjects were only fooled by 37 percent of fake laughter.
The most prominent factor distinguishing real laughter from fake laughter is duration -- or, more specifically, the number of breaths taken in in between sounds. Seeing as it takes more effort and concentration to fake a laugh as opposed to do it genuinely, people tend to pause more in between their “ha-ha’s” when they’re faking it. Evidently, that pausing is pretty noticeable.
“A fake laugh is basically an imitation of a real laugh, but produced with a slightly different set of vocal muscles controlled by a different part of our brain,” Greg Bryant, the lead UCLA researcher on the study, explained. “The result is that there are subtle features of the laugh that sound like speech, and ... people are unconsciously quite sensitive to them.”
People have also proven to be emotionally sensitive to laughter as well. “Our rains are very sensitive to the social and emotional significance of laughter,” said Carolyn McGettigan, a scientist at Royal Holloway, University of London.
McGettigan conducted a 2014 study that recorded participants’ brain responses as they listened to the same people produce genuine laughter by watching funny videos, as opposed to fake laughter. “During our study, when participants heard a laugh that was posed, they activated regions of the brain associated with mentalizing in an attempt to understand the other person’s emotional and mental state,” she said.
So, while we may understand that certain social situations sometimes require fake laughter, most of the time, our instincts and emotional intelligence are just too smart to buy into them.
According to McGettigan, that’s a good thing. “Evolutionarily speaking, it’s good to be able to detect if someone is authentically experiencing an emotion or if they’re not,” she said. “Because you don’t want to be fooled.”
1.What do researchers at the University of California want to find out in this study?
A.What is the difference between a fake laugh and a real one.
B.Which part of the brain controls the sound of our laughter.
C.Why do people need to fake laugh when they don’t want to.
D.How to laugh as genuinely as possible when you are faking it.
2.Your forced laughing is more noticeable than you think, mainly because_______.
A.you seem more concentrated when you laugh for real
B.you take more breaths when you try to fake a laugh
C.a fake laugh often happens after a sudden pause
D.a real laugh usually lasts longer than a fake one
3.Which of the following is true according to Greg Bryant?
A.Real laughter is not at all controllable by our brain.
B.People may notice fake laughter without knowing why.
C.People use the same set of muscles to laugh and to speak.
D.Faking laugh shares the same techniques as making speech.
4.What has Carolyn McGettigan’s 2014 study proven?
A.Certain social situations may require us to fake a laugh.
B.Evolution has enabled us to recognize other’s emotions.
C.By instincts, we are able to tell a person’s mental state.
D.We can sense other’s emotional state when they laugh.
Just when you thought you figured out Millennials (those who reached young adulthood around the year 2000), Generation Z is now entering the workforce. A massive 72.8 million individuals are included in this group born between the mid - 1990s and the early 2000s.
Are you ready?
While we have learned how to create a culture where Millennials can do well, what Generation Z needs can be quite different:
Millennials | Generation Z |
Don’t just work for a paycheck, they want a purpose. | Money and job security are their top motivators. They want to make a difference but surviving an developing are more important. |
They aren’t pursuing job satisfaction, they are pursuing their own development. | They want to gather rewarding experiences. Gen Z tend towards being impatient and often experience FOMO (Fear Of Missing Out), so instant feedback and satisfaction are key. |
They don’t want bosses, they want coaches. | They want to be guided in an environment where they can advance quickly. They want to look their leaders in the eye and experience honesty and transparency. |
They don’t want annual reviews, they want ongoing conversations. | They don’t want an annual work assessment, they want to be advised and given feedback on an ongoing frequent (daily) basis. |
They don’t want to fix their weaknesses, they want to develop their strengths. | They believe that there are winners and losers - and more people fall into the losing category. They want to have the tools to win, either through developing weaknesses or strengths. |
They have a cooperative way of thinking where everyone joins in and works together. | 72% of Gen Z said they are competitive with doing the same job. They are independent and want to be judged on their own value and showcase their individual talents. |
It’s not just their job, it’s their life. | Salary and benefits and how they can advance are central. They are a DIY generation and they feel that other generations have over complicated the workplace. |
1.According to the passage, Millennials and Gen Z share the same point of view on _______.
A.job satisfaction B.work assessment
C.weaknesses and strengths D.salary and benefits
2.Which of the following is true of Gen Z’s way of thinking?
A.They prefer to be team leaders, not members.
B.They enjoy working together with others.
C.They don’t want to cooperate, they compete.
D.They have talents and don’t want to be judged.
3.Who among the following are most probably the target readers of this passage?
A.Millennials. B.Generation Z.
C.Recruiters. D.FOMO patients.
