Question

    Unhealthy diets are responsible for preventable deaths globally per year, more even than smoking tobacco, according to a major study.

“But the biggest problem is not the junk we eat but the nutritious food we don’t eat,” say researchers, calling for a global shift in policy to promote vegetables, fruit, nuts and beans. While sugar and trans-fats are harmful, more deaths are caused by the absence of healthy foods in our diet. Heart attacks are the main diet-related causes of death, followed by cancers and diabetes (糖尿病).

The study found that eating and drinking better could prevent one in five deaths around the world. “Rather than trying to persuade people to cut down on sugar, salt and fat, which has been the main focus of diet policy debate in the past two decades, it would be better to promote healthy options. Adoption of diets emphasizing beans and other healthy plant sources of protein, for instance, will have important benefits for human health,” note the researchers.

The study is the most comprehensive analysis on the health effects of diet ever conducted. It looked at 15 different nutrients, giving detailed knowledge of the analysis and summary of the risk factors of them.

Tom Sanders, a professor of nutrition and dietetics (饮食学), said the analysis put too much emphasis on individual components rather than the overall diet. “Overweight is a major driver for risk of diabetes as well as cancer and the health evidence for this relationship is strong. Overweight is caused by eating more food energy than required rather than specific dietary components such as sugar. The trend for populations to sit too much is a major reason why there is an imbalance between energy intake and consumption but Increased availability of foods with high calories makes it too easy to overeat.”

1.What do the researchers think is the best way to lower preventable death rate?

A.Restricting junk food. B.Trying to eat healthily.

C.Avoiding risk factors. D.Adopting high-calorie diets.

2.What’s the major concern of the current diet policy?

A.The diversity of food.

B.The importance of nutritious food.

C.The reduction of unhealthy food intake.

D.The balance between diet and exercise.

3.Which of the following does Tom Sanders agree with?

A.The analysis overlooks dietary integrity.

B.Overweight results from diabetes and cancer.

C.People who rarely exercise must diet strictly.

D.Particular dietary components lead to overweight.

4.Where is the text most likely from?

A.A product brochure. B.A cookbook.

C.A medical textbook. D.A health journal.

Answer

1.B

2.B

3.A

4.D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章引用一项研究的结论，指出不健康的饮食习惯可能导致各类疾病从而增加死亡的风险。建议人们吃营养丰富的食物。

1.

细节理解题。根据第二段研究者呼吁的“calling for a global shift in policy to promote vegetables, fruit, nuts and beans.”和第三段第一句“The study found that eating and drinking better could prevent one in five deaths around the world.”可知，研究发现，改善饮食可以预防世界上五分之一的死亡。所以研究人员发现不健康的饮食习惯带来很多坏处，而只要健康饮食就能降低这种风险，这也正是他们呼吁全世界的人们去做的。故选B项。

2.

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Rather than trying to persuade people to cut down on sugar, salt and fat, which has been the main focus of diet policy debate in the past two decades, it would be better to promote healthy options. Adoption of diets emphasizing beans and other healthy plant sources of protein, for instance, will have important benefits for human health”可知，过去二十年的健康饮食策略强调减少脂肪、糖分和盐的摄入，而现在则要重视有营养、更健康的食物的摄入。故选B项。

3.

推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Tom Sanders, a professor of nutrition and dietetics (饮食学), said the analysis put too much emphasis on individual components rather than the overall diet.”可知，在Tom看来，这项研究中的分析过分强调饮食中每种独立的部分的作用，但没有从整体角度关注饮食，由此判断出Tom Sanders可能同意“该分析忽略了饮食的完整性”故选A项。

4.

推理判断题。根据文章第一句“Unhealthy diets are responsible for preventable deaths globally per year, more even than smoking tobacco, according to a major study.”一项重大研究表明，在全球范围内，不健康饮食每年造成的可预防死亡，甚至比吸烟还要多。并结合全文内容来看，都在围绕“健康饮食”这一主题在展开。由此判断出短文最可能是摘自健康类杂志。故选D项。