Question

    A periwig is a style of wig that was popular between the 17^th and 19^th centuries, particularly in men’s fashions. It also played a part in _________ some sort of hygienic (卫生的) standard. The modern term for a hairpiece (假发) — wig, is believed to have _________ from periwigs.

Wigs were popular in the ancient cultures of Egypt and Greece for the _________ they offered from the sun. After the fall of Rome, they fell out of _________ for centuries. It wasn’t until the time of French King Louis XⅢ that wigs became popular again. In fact, many experts _________ the prematurely bald king on his wigs he was wearing in the French court, _________ the long, curly style called the periwig.

The styling of the periwig _________ with time and trend. Later fashions often required that the wigs be powdered with a mixture of flow and starch to make them appear _________. For the best wigs, human hair was used, _________ less expensive versions used animal hair or mixed the two together.

Wigs were used not only to conceal ____________, but to protect the wearers from lice (虱子). Throughout the Middle Ages, most European countries considered bathing unhealthy. It was not ____________ for nobles to bathe only once a year. As a result, people often shaved their heads, as their bathing ____________ did nothing to prevent lice in their hair. Wigs were also often infested (爬满) with lice, but were ____________ for comfort.

After King Charles Ⅱ came into power again in England, the trend became popular among the British. Charles spent the better part of his exiled (流放的) youth in the French court, and gained much ____________ for French styles. Between the King of England and King Louis XIV of France, periwigs became a ____________ for the courts of both nations.

1.A.enjoying B.applying C.maintaining D.lowering

2.A.developed B.prevented C.distinguished D.suffered

3.A.attraction B.temptation C.civilization D.protection

4.A.sight B.popularity C.control D.order

5.A.admire B.blame C.charge D.compliment

6.A.in particular B.except for C.thanks to D.together with

7.A.continued B.disappeared C.varied D.mixed

8.A.black B.red C.green D.white

9.A.because B.although C.unless D.since

10.A.identity B.appearance C.baldness D.personality

11.A.uncertain B.uncommon C.unfortunate D.unnecessary

12.A.hobbies B.costumes C.carpets D.habits

13.A.acceptable B.removable C.considerable D.breakable

14.A.appreciation B.experience C.support D.confidence

15.A.decoration B.custom C.necessity D.therapy

Answer

1.C

2.A

3.D

4.B

5.B

6.A

7.C

8.D

9.B

10.C

11.B

12.D

13.B

14.A

15.C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了假发的历史演变以及假发在历史中曾起到的作用。

1.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：它还在维持某种卫生标准方面发挥了作用。A. enjoying欣赏；B. applying申请；C. maintaining保持；D. lowering降低。结合后文提到假发可以防止虱子可知，假发在维持某种卫生标准方面发挥了作用。故选C。

2.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：假发的现代说法被认为是由periwigs发展而来的。A. developed发展；B. prevented阻止；C. distinguished区别；D. suffered遭受。结合后文from periwigs可知，此处指假发被认为是由periwigs发展而来的。develop from“从……发展而来”。故选A。

3.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：假发在埃及和希腊的古代文化中很流行，因为它可以保护人们不受太阳的晒伤。A. attraction吸引；B. temptation诱惑；C. civilization文明；D. protection保护。结合后文they offered from the sun可知，假发可以保护人们不受太阳的晒伤。故选D。

4.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：罗马帝国灭亡后，他们几个世纪都不受欢迎了。A. sight视力；B. popularity流行；C. control控制；D. order命令。结合后文It wasn’t until the time of French King Louis XⅢ that wigs became popular again.可知，罗马帝国灭亡后，假发几个世纪都不受欢迎了。故选B。

5.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，许多专家都指责这位过早秃顶的国王在法国宫廷中戴的假发，尤其是那种又长又卷被称为periwig的假发。A. admire钦佩；B. blame责备；C. charge指责；D. compliment恭维。结合后文the prematurely bald king on his wigs he was wearing in the French court可知，这位过早秃顶的国王在法国宫廷中戴假发引起了许多专家的指责。故选B。

6.

考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，许多专家都指责这位过早秃顶的国王在法国宫廷中戴的假发，尤其是那种又长又卷被称为periwig的假发。A. in particular尤其；B. except for除了……以外；C. thanks to因为；D. together with连同。结合后文the long, curly style called the periwig.可知，专家指责国王戴假发，尤其（in particular）是那种又长又卷被称为periwig的假发。故选A。

7.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：假发的造型随着时间和潮流而变化。A. continued继续；B. disappeared消失；C. varied变化；D. mixed混合。结合后文Later fashions often required that the wigs be powdered with a mixture of flow and starch可知，假发的造型在随着时间和潮流而变化着。故选C。

8.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来的流行时尚常常要求假发上撒上流质和淀粉的混合物，使它们看起来是白色的。A. black黑色的；B. red红色的；C. green绿色的；D. white白色的。结合上文Later fashions often required that the wigs be powdered with a mixture of flow and starch可知，假发因为撒上了流质和淀粉的混合物而变成了白色。故选D。

9.

考查连接词辨析。句意：最好的假发用的是人类的头发，尽管不太昂贵的假发用的是动物的头发，或者两者混合在一起。A. because因为；B. although尽管；C. unless除非D. since既然。本句为让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用although。故选B。

10.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：假发不仅用来掩饰秃顶，还可以防止身上有虱子。A. identity身份；B. appearance外观；C. baldness光秃；D. personality个性。根据第二段中the prematurely bald king on his wigs可知，假发被用来掩饰秃顶。故选C。

11.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：贵族一年只洗一次澡并不罕见。A. uncertain不确定的；B. uncommon罕有的，不寻常的；C. unfortunate不幸的；D. unnecessary不必要的。根据上文Throughout the Middle Ages, most European countries considered bathing unhealthy.可知，整个中世纪，大多数欧洲国家都认为洗澡不健康，所以贵族一年只洗一次澡并不罕见。故选B。

12.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，人们经常剃光头，因为他们的洗澡习惯并不能防止头发上的虱子。A. hobbies爱好；B. costumes服装；C. carpets地毯；D. habits习惯。结合上文可知，贵族一年只洗一次澡，因为他们的洗澡习惯并不能防止头发上的虱子。故选D。

13.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：假发上也经常爬满了虱子，但为了舒适起见，假发是可以摘下来的。A. acceptable可接受的；B. removable可去掉的，可移动的；C. considerable相当大的；D. breakable易碎的。戴在头上的假发是可以摘下来的。故选B。

14.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：Charles在法国宫廷度过了他流亡的大半生，并对法国风格大加赞赏。A. appreciation欣赏；B. experience经历；C. support支持；D. confidence自信。结合上文After King Charles Ⅱ came into power again in England, the trend became popular among the British.可知，Charles很欣赏法国风格。故选A。

15.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在英国国王和法国国王路易十四之间，假发成为两个国家的法院的必需品。A. decoration装饰；B. custom习惯；C. necessity必需品；D. therapy治疗。根据第二段中It wasn’t until the time of French King Louis XⅢ that wigs became popular again.可知，在英国国王和法国国王路易十四之间，假发成为两个国家的法院的必需品。故选C。