阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dujiangyan was built over 2,200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China. It is 1. oldest man-made water system in the world. This amazing engineering achievement is still used today to irrigate over 6,000 square kilometers of farmland, take away floodwater and provide water for fifty 2. (city) in the province.
In ancient times, the region in 3. Dujiangyan now stands suffered from regular floods 4. (cause) by the overflow from the Minjiang River. Li Bing, the governor of the region, together with his son, decided to find a way to solve the problem.
The simplest way was to build a dam, 5. this would ruin the Minjiang River. So Li designed a series of channels that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing 6. (free). Better still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making it 7. (suit) for farming.
Once the system was finished, no more floods occurred and people were able to live peacefully. Today, Dujiangyan 8. (admire) by scientists from around the world because of one feature. 9. (like) modern dams where the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, making it possible for ecosystem and fish populations 10. (exist) in harmony.
From the age of five, I was constantly surrounded by fear. It started when I was sent to boarding school. I used to ________ the bed and, the first night it happened, I knocked on the nuns’ (修女) door to ask for ________. Instead, they made me do the ‘walk of ________’, carrying a packet of wet sheets through all the ________ as they announced, ‘Make way for the bed-wetter,’ and ________ the children to laugh and shout horrible things. That happened ________.
I grew into a problem ________ and spent much time in bars drinking to forget the hopelessness and ________. That’s where I met my first husband, who turned out to be a ________ man. It was only when he ________ me into a state of unconsciousness that things changed. I knew I couldn’t go back—if I did, I would ________. So I decided to remove the layers of pain and cruelty and ________ them with happiness and success. I started to read books about how to think highly of yourself. I got into ________ and won competitions, I realised, ‘I am not a ________ person like the nuns and my husband told me.’ I decided to take the ________ I used in sport-my determination to keep ________—and apply them to everything in my life. That’s when I ________ I was a really good business person.
Whatever your past has been, don’t ________ it for who you are today. Thy and find something ________ in it. That’s the only possible way to ________ those things, be brave and turn everything around.
1.A.wet B.make C.warm D.clean
2.A.direction B.help C.permission D.advice
3.A.pride B.comfort C.shame D.apology
4.A.toilets B.offices C.classrooms D.dormitories
5.A.forced B.persuaded C.encouraged D.reminded
6.A.naturally B.regularly C.eventually D.secretly
7.A.teenager B.mother C.adult D.wife
8.A.failure B.loss C.disappointment D.fear
9.A.violent B.gentle C.responsible D.forgetful
10.A.brought B.talked C.scared D.beat
11.A.survive B.change C.die D.fight
12.A.associate B.replace C.compare D.fill
13.A.sport B.debt C.shape D.trouble
14.A.guilty B.useless C.desperate D.horrible
15.A.skills B.tips C.principles D.methods
16.A.cool B.changing C.fit D.going
17.A.imagined B.forgot C.discovered D.suspected
18.A.aim B.blame C.repeat D.make
19.A.positive B.relevant C.necessary D.unforgettable
20.A.give up B.come across C.let alone D.get over
Politeness is the practical application of good manners, the goal of which is to make all of the parties relaxed and comfortable. It's a flexible management of words and actions, by which we make other people have a better opinion of us and themselves. It seeks to build a positive relationship. 1..
However, in the rush of daily life being polite is social behavior that we find rare nowadays. 2.. They don’t even take the time to look around. This has led to the loss of simple social rules some might take for granted and that are particularly powerful.
3., people become less and less attentive to others’ feelings, for human interaction (互动) is almost lost. Take for instance the rudeness we tolerate when a person is looking at his phone when talking to us.
Being polite is not just a simple social elegance. 4.. These days “Please” and “Thank You” are forgotten. And not many people are aware that these two simple words can easily open or close any door to us. Unfortunately, they often forget to say these words.
Hope is not lost. There are many ways we can improve our behavior to achieve skills in politeness. There are simple things we can do to be considered as a polite and well-mannered person.5., they will respect you back. Just make a change in our behavior to start. Use simple words like “Excuse me”, “Please”, and “Thank you” every day. Be kind to receive kindness. Care and politeness will get you far in all aspects of life.
A.As technology progresses
B.People have become more self-absorbed
C.As long as you show your politeness for people
D.Since for many people being polite remains a challenge
E.Many languages have specific means to show politeness
F.It aims to respect a person’s need to be liked and understood
G.It’s also about being kind, caring and respectful to another person
Compared with solar and wind energy, which are booming, tidal (潮汐的) power is a loser in the clean-energy competition. But if you did want to build a tidal power station, there are few better sites than the mouth of the River Severn, in Britain. Its tidal range, the difference in depth between high and low tides, of around 15 metres is among the largest in the world.
Engineers and governments have been toying with the idea since at least 1925. But none of the suggested projects has materialised. Price is one objection. A study thought that tidal energy might cost between ￡216 and ￡368 ($306-521) per MWh of electricity by 2025, compared with ￡58-75 for seagoing wind turbines (轮机) and ￡55-76 for solar panels. Environmentalists also worry that any plant would change the tides, making life harder for wildlife.
An engineer called Rod Rainey thinks he has a way around both problems. He plans to replace the conventional turbines of previous plans with a much older technology. Specifically, he plans to span (横跨) the river mouth with a line of water wheels. This is a design that dates back to the early days of the Industrial Revolution. Examples can be found fixed to the sides of old watermills (水磨).
But there would be nothing old-fashioned about Mr Rainey’s wheels. Thirty metres high and sixty wide, they would be made from ordinary steel. Two hundred and fifty of them, along with the supporting structures, would be floated into place and secured to the seabed, creating a line 15km long. Together, they could supply power at an avenge ate of 4GW. That is about as much as two biggish nuclear power stations would manage. Substituting one of the wheels with a set of locks would provide a shipping channel about twice the width of Panama Canal, permitting upstream ports such as Avonmouth and Cardiff to continue operating.
1.What is special about the mouth of the River Seven?
A.The tidal range there is about 15 meters.
B.It has the largest tidal range in the world.
C.The tidal power station has been built there.
D.Its power plant makes life harder for wildlife.
2.What was people’s initial attitude towards tidal power?
A.Opposed. B.Supportive.
C.Controversial. D.Doubtful.
3.What are the locks used for?
A.Support. B.Transportation.
C.Securing wheels. D.Producing electricity.
4.What’s the best tittle for the text?
A.Rainey invented turbines.
B.Rainey’s tidal power station.
C.Tidal power in the River Seven.
D.An old idea might be made practical.
Many people criticize today’s newspapers as sensationalist, satisfying the public’s abnormal curiosity. But journalism a century ago was just as notorious (臭名昭著). Publishers at that time routinely competed with each other for wild stories that could draw in the most readers. Meanwhile, it was an ideal atmosphere for a courageous reporter like Nellie Bly to spring into fame.
Bly, whose name was Elizabeth Corcoran, had to work to make her way in the world. Different from many women of the time, however, she refused to let the working world scare her away. Her first big opportunity as a reporter came in 1885 after she wrote an angry letter denouncing the Pittsburgh Dispatch for an article it had run criticizing women forced to work outside the home. The interested and excited editor hired Bly for her “spirit,” and soon she was investigating the situations of female factory workers. Bly cared less about their jobs than their lives after work -their amusements, their motivations, their fears and ambitions. She produced an article totally different from what other reporters of the time were writing: personal, thoughtful, meaningful.
By 1887 Bly had a job with the New York World, one of the leader papers of the day. She quickly became famous for undercover stories about women in a mental hospital. Soon she had investigated life as a maid, a chorus girl, and even a street girl. In her best-known brave deeds, in 1890, Bly beat the famous “around the world in 80 days” trip Jules Verne had described in his novel. Traveling by steamship, train, even ricksha, Bly reported from each stop. A spellbound nation hung on every word. Only 25, Bly had become internationally famous.
1.Bly’s first newspaper job was ________.
A.with the New York World
B.with the Pittsburgh Dispatch
C.to interview mental patients
D.to experience life of chorus girls
2.What does the underlined word “denouncing” in Para. 2 probably mean?
A.Praising. B.Questioning.
C.Informing. D.Condemning.
3.How did Nellie Bly gain world-wide fame?
A.By criticizing Jules Verne.
B.By competing with other reporters.
C.By writing stories through investigation.
D.By caring about women from different classes.
4.Which of the following best describes Nellie Bly?
A.Daring and practical. B.Acute and confident.
C.Critical and dependent. D.Calm and enthusiastic.
The Great Depression that followed the stock market crash of 1929 saw hundreds of thousands of Americans out of work. In the years of great fear and depression, a lot of American citizens looked desperately to the federal government for assistance. Of all the programs designed by President Roosevelt when he took office in 1932, few were more criticized---or had more lasting impact---than the Work Projects Administration, better known as the WPA.
The intention of the WPA, which functioned from 1935 to 1943, was to design and administer public works projects to help relieve unemployment. The majority of these projects involved historic or artistic attempts. The WPA’s Writers Project, for example, was responsible not only for such practical works as state guidebooks but also for the collection of historically valuable oral histories. Over 2,900 of these records were collected in 24 states. They provide an irreplaceable firsthand account of people’s diets, customs, celebrations, and political and religious beliefs at the time.
The artworks created through the Federal Arts Project are one of the WPA’s most lasting achievements. Out-of-work painters, both famous and unknown, created paintings that beautified schools, libraries, and government buildings, WPA photographers traveled across the country recording the hardships of life on small rural farms. When the United States entered World War Ⅱ in 1941, WPA artists were enlisted to produce posters supporting the war effort. Many WPA artworks, including hundreds of small drawings picturing scenes of everyday life, still exist today.
1.When did the Work Projects Administration begin to work?
A.In1929. B.In1932.
C.In1935. D.In 1943.
2.What can be inferred about the WPA?
A.It was made up of several components.
B.It was President Roosevelt’s favorite project.
C.It played an important role during World War Ⅱ.
D.It trained artists before sending them out to work.
3.How does the author mainly develop this text?
A.By examples. B.By comparison.
C.Through a true story. D.Through a persuasive argument.
4.What’s the main idea of the text?
A.President Roosevelt designed the WPA.
B.The WPA helped relieve unemployment.
C.WPA artists painted pictures in schools and libraries.
D.The WPA produced many valuable and lasting works.
