Most of the new diseases we humans have faced in the past several decades have come from animals. The more we come into contact with wild animals, the more we risk a so-called disease “spillover” from animals to humans.
“As people move and wildlife move in response to a changing environment, humans and wildlife and animals will come in contact more regularly,” said Jeanne Fair from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats, climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent. “Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,” Fair said.
Scientists, including climatologists and epidemiologists on Fair’s team at Los Alamos, are beginning to model how changes to the climate will impact the spread of infectious diseases. It’s early days for this kind of research, but previous studies suggest that extreme weather has already played a role in at least one outbreak. Scientists say drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rainforests and into orchards（果园）in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s.
“We’re going by the past data to really predict what’s going to happen in the future,” Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlife-human interface, that’s sort of an emerging disease hot spot. And so, that’s just increasing as we go forward.”
Jeffrey Shaman, head of the climate and health program at Columbia University’s public health school, argues we don’t yet know whether climate change will cause a net increase in infectious disease rates globally. For example, mosquitoes carry disease that affects millions of people across the world every year. As their habitats expand in some parts of the world, they might contract diseases elsewhere. Shaman says what we know for certain about climate change is that it will make it harder to predict where disease outbreaks will pop up.
1.How does climate change affect the spread of disease according to Fair?
A.By breaking animals’ habits.
B.By increasing animals’ varieties.
C.By promoting animals’ breeding.
D.By changing animals’ living environment.
2.What is the example of bats for in paragraph 3?
A.Explaining the influence of Nipah virus.
B.Proving the harm of bats to human beings.
C.Showing the effects of climate change on disease.
D.Presenting scientists’ early study about the cause of disease.
3.What can we infer from Fair’s words in paragraph 4?
A.Humans should give up studying animals.
B.Past data can solve the problems in the future.
C.Disease hot spots will disappear if animals die out.
D.Frequent contact with animals can cause disease outbreaks.
4.What could be the best title for the text?
A.Climate Change and Disease Spillover
B.Animals’ Interaction with Humans
C.Scientists’ Prediction for Disease Outbreaks
D.Early Studies about Extreme Weather
Many young people these days adore the advertised magazine body and become too focused on attaining this image instead of worrying more about what lasts and even grows over time. But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years, and suddenly being ugly after moving to another continent? It is a sad reality that people don't realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another.
Think of the most typical American girl you know. Is she blondehaired with white skin and light blue eyes, and does she love shopping or sports? Now place this girl in the heart of Africa, where beauty is placed on what you can control. The Maasai tribe in Kenya focuses on how clean people are, and how stylish their piercings(穿孔) are. This tribe's culture is to be a brave fighter, so they will cut their skin with patterns in it to show that they are strong. If you don't look fierce, you are not beautiful.
Other countries like North Korea and South Korea have their own unique views on beauty. In an interview, a woman who has lived in both North Korea and South Korea claims that beauty in North Korea is based more on your ability to be a good woman and wife. She says that women in North Korea are less concerned about fashion and beauty in the physical sense. She says they did have a time when big eyes were a big deal and everyone wanted to get double eyelid surgery. This is something extreme and could perhaps be influenced by Western culture. But don't you think the idea of getting surgery done to look more attractive is crazy?
1.What does the underlined word “vacillating” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A.different B.reasonable.
C.unusual. D.similar.
2.The Maasai tribe in Kenya is mentioned to show that in their eyes ________.
A.getting dirty is stylish
B.looking fierce is beautiful
C.strong people cut their skin
D.American girls love shopping
3.According to the woman interviewed，women in North Korea now ________.
A.care a lot about their appearance
B.put the beauty of eyes in the first place
C.pay great attention to their ability
D.are crazy about double eyelid surgery
4.What does the text mainly tell us?
A.Inner beauty is of great importance.
B.Ideas of beauty vary among culture groups.
C.Different ways are needed to admire true beauty.
D.Fashion magazines easily influence young people.
A Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa, will be the first man to fly on a SpaceX rocket for an about seven-day trip around the Moon as early as 2023, and he plans to bring six to eight artists along.
Maezawa, 42, will have been the first moon traveller since the last US Apollo task in 1972. He paid a large amount of money for the trip. “Ever since I was a kid, I have loved the Moon,” he said. “This is my lifelong dream.”
Maezawa is CEO of Japan's largest online fashion mall. He is the founder of ZOZO,a global company based in Japan where people can buy clothing online. His another hobby is collecting valuable works of modern art.
His love for art led him to decide to invite artists to come along. He said, “I would like to invite six to eight artists from around the world to join me on this mission to the Moon. They will be asked to create something after they return to the earth. These masterpieces will inspire the people who have dreams.”
The first space tourist was Dennis Tito, an American businessman who in 2001 paid some 20 million dollars to fly on a Russian spaceship to the International Space Station.
SpaceX CEO Elon Musk described Maezawa as the bravest and best adventurer. “He stepped forward,” Musk added. “We are honored that he chose us.” Musk said he would not make known the price for the Moon trip, but said it would be “free for the artists”.
“This is dangerous, to be clear. This is no walk in the park,” Musk warned. “There is a chance something could go wrong.”
1.According to the text, Yusaku Maezawa__________.
A.will be the first space tourist in the world.
B.owns the world's largest online fashion mall.
C.has dreamed of travelling to the moon since childhood.
D.plans to spend seven days walking on the moon.
2.What made Maezawa decide to invite some artists to come along?
A.His strong love for art. B.his dream of becoming an artist.
C.His hobby of collecting rocket models. D.his idea of making a meaningful journey.
3.What will the artists be expected to do according to the text?
A.Create unusual art works after the journey. B.Pay for their own journey.
C.Explore their imagination in space. D.Inspire people to become dreamers.
4.What Musk said in the last paragraph means__________.
A.tourists might go in a wrong direction. B.tourists might lose their lives.
C.tourists are sure of their safety. D.tourists have a chance to live in space.
Heroic mother cat Lele gave birth to four kittens at home and lived alone for over 50 days in Wuhan, when its owners, a family of seven, were in hospital for treatment of novel coronavirus. In late January, Lele's owner, surnamed Chen, was infected with novel coronavirus and has been in hospital since then. Several days later, Chen's father, and five other family members all tested positive for the virus, leaving pregnant cat mom Lele alone at home.
For fear of cross-infection, Chen didn't ask friends to take care of Lele, but prepared two bags of cat food weighing about 24 pounds and some water at home.
As he gradually recovered in the hospital, worries about Lele, the expectant mother, always haunted him.
Fifty-four days later, when Chen' s family got back home, they were surprised to find Lele had already given birth to four kittens.
The four were healthy and active and have been weaning (断奶) from their mother's. According to Chen, Lele survived on the cat food and water found in a fish pond on the balcony. Since no one cleaned up for such a long time, the cat litter box has gone messy and smelly.
In memory of the special experience, Chen named the four kittens ''Xiaowu'', ''Hanhan'', ''Xiaojia'' and ''Youyou'', which together mean ''Wuhan, fighting'' in Chinese, hoping the city could stay strong and return to normal soon.
Lele's story went viral (迅速传播) on Douyin, the Chinese version of TikTok, and won over 366,000 likes. A Douyin user commented, "God bless the poor cats! Good luck to you, another netizen commented, ''What a kind family! Please don't abandon pets because of the virus outbreak. ''
1.How did LeLe survive during its owner's absence?
A.By being looked after by Chen's friends. B.By the cat food left and water in a fish pond.
C.With the help of the doctors in the hospital. D.With the help of its four babies.
2.Which of the following is not correct?
A.All the members in Chen's family were not infected with the novel coronavius
B.The birth of the four kittens was an inspiration for Chen's family.
C.Both the cat LeLe and its babies were strong and healthy.
D.LeLe got popular among Chinese netizens.
3.The text mainly tells us___________.
A.how a family took good care of their pet cat.
B.how Wuhan people fought against the novel coronavirus.
C.that a cat saved its owner.
D.that a brave cat gives birth alone when owners in hospital.
假定你是李华，母校将为高一新生举办主题为“ What to learn in senior high school?”的英语沙龙活动，特邀请你结合自身经历谈谈自己的体会。请你为此准备一份发言稿，内容包括：
1.学会学习：方法，习惯等；
2.学会做人：真诚，友善；
3.学会其他：考生自拟。
注意:1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语和结尾已为你写好。
Good morning，everyone！It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.
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Thank you!
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Great changes have been taken place in my village.Ten years ago, the small and low houses of my village lie on the north of a lake. The villagers produced many waste. As a result, the lake was seriously polluted. To the west of the village was a sandy field, where was the source of much dust.
Now the poor house have been replaced by green trees. However, the sandy field that the villagers used to plough has been covered of fruit trees. On the lake, now clean and clearly, the villagers often spend their spare time fish.
In word, my village has become a green one.
