Question

    Exploration is about how we experience our most meaningful geography. A geography education without actively learning how to explore places is as frustrating as teaching music lessons without sound. Besides that, in its widest sense, exploration has the potential to be one of the most enjoyable and rewarding things we humans will ever do. It can be good for developing problem-solving, teamwork, social and other vital skills. Therefore, we should be given the opportunities to learn properly how to do it.

The sad reality is that millions of children are socially and geographically deprived (剥夺的). Their learning environments lack the diversity of place and experience-based opportunities that they need to develop well and as a result, they will not reach their full potential.

There is plenty of research showing that many children have little time and space to explore, play and learn outdoors. Perhaps most shockingly, Dirt is Good conducted a survey which found that three-quarters of UK children spend less time outside than prisoners, that the amount of time children spend playing in natural places has decreased and that a fifth of children do not play outside on an average day.

There are a large number of good and complex reasons why parents do not let their children play (and so learn) outdoors and not overcoming these barriers comes with its own risks. Changing the parenting cultures that are overly limiting many children’s freedom will potentially need efforts of generation after generation.

Partially as a response to this situation, an increasing number of doctors are providing social prescriptions (处方). Instead of being offered medicine for a mental or physical illness, young patients are being prescribed time with nature, volunteering, doing sports or some other activities instead.

Teachers are, in many ways, in a better position to provide time and space for children to benefit from experiences that help them not only to learn, but also to be well. Teachers can  spare both formal and informal time and space for exploration that helps not just children who are ill, but also those who are well to remain well or become even better.

1.What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?

A.The way to reach full potential.

B.The methods of doing exploration.

C.The different attitudes to exploration.

D.The importance of doing exploration.

2.What can we learn from the survey of Dirt is Good?

A.Prisoners in the UK are treated very well.

B.Children are badly in need of time outdoors.

C.Children are becoming less outgoing nowadays.

D.There aren’t enough natural places in many countries.

3.What do we know about the process of changing parents’ attitude?

A.It’s interesting but tiring.

B.It’s complex and risky.

C.It’s challenging but worthwhile.

D.It’s troublesome and demanding.

4.By mentioning social prescriptions, the author wants to say _______.

A.playing outside can promote people’s health

B.traditional medicines may have side effects

C.experienced doctors are in short supply

D.mental illness needs special treatment

5.Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?

A.①-②③④⑤-⑥ B.①-②③-④⑤⑥

C.①②③-④⑤-⑥ D.①②-③④-⑤⑥

Answer

1.D

2.B

3.C

4.A

5.B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了出外探索的重要性，提出了儿童在外接触自然的时间较少的原因。最后文章从父母，医生和老师的角度提出了解决方案。

1.

主旨大意题。文章第一段认为A geography education without actively learning how to explore places is as frustrating as teaching music lessons without sound（地理教育如果不积极地学习如何探索地方，就像教音乐课没有声音一样令人沮丧）。另外作者认为Besides that, in its widest sense, exploration has the potential to be one of the most enjoyable and rewarding things we humans will ever do. It can be good for developing problem-solving, teamwork, social and other vital skills（除此之外，在最广泛的意义上，探索有可能成为我们人类将要做的最愉快和最有回报的事情之一。它有助于培养解决问题、团队合作、社交和其他重要技能）。综合分析，文章第一段在告诉我们出外探索重要性。故选D项。

2.

细节理解题。根据第三段Perhaps most shockingly, Dirt is Good conducted a survey which found that three-quarters of UK children spend less time outside than prisoners, that the amount of time children spend playing in natural places has decreased and that a fifth of children do not play outside on an average day（也许最令人震惊的是，Dirt is Good的一项调查发现，四分之三的英国儿童在户外的时间少于囚犯，儿童在自然场所玩耍的时间减少了，五分之一的儿童平均每天不在户外玩耍）可知，英国儿童在户外玩耍的时间很少，他们急需多走出去。故选B项。

3.

推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Changing the parenting cultures that are overly limiting many children’s freedom will potentially need efforts of generation after generation（改变过度限制许多孩子自由的养育文化可能需要一代又一代的努力）可知，改变父母的养育文化需要一代又一代的努力。同时根据前文第二段提及的父母限制孩子在户外玩耍的时间不利于孩子们的成长。综合分析，改变父母的限制孩子自由的养育文化具有挑战性，但又很值得。故选C项。

4.

推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段Instead of being offered medicine for a mental or physical illness, young patients are being prescribed time with nature, volunteering, doing sports or some other activities instead（他们没有为精神或身体疾病提供药物治疗，而是规定年轻患者去大自然、做志愿者、做运动或其他活动）可知，出外游玩可以有利于身体健康。故选A项。

5.

推理判断题。综合分析文章，文章第一段提出了外出探索的重要性。然后在文章第二和第三段描述了有很多小孩子的外出自由受到了限制的现象。文章最后三段提到了改变这种现象的 方法，包括了改变父母的教养文化，医生的帮助以及老师的指导。综合分析可知，故选B项。