Question

    More than half the young children and teenagers in China are nearsighted, according to a survey by top government agencies, which called for intensified efforts to prevent and control the condition.

The survey, which was conducted last year, found that eight of 10 senior middle school students were nearsighted, compared with 71.6 percent in junior middle school, 36 percent in primary school and 14 percent of 6-year-olds in kindergarten. Overall, 53.6 percent were nearsighted. The prevalence (流行程度) of a high degree of myopia also became alarming as the percentage of senior students in high school, who wear glasses stronger than six diopters, has mounted to 21.9 percent. Up to 80 percent of the country’s young adults suffer from nearsightedness, according to a report in the medical journal Lancet. In contrast, the overall rate of myopia in the UK is about 20-30 percent. If you walk the streets of China today, you’ll quickly notice that most young people wear glasses. In Shanghai, for instance, 86 percent of high school students suffer from myopia, or nearsightedness, according to Xinhua News Agency.

The growing prevalence of myopia is not only a Chinese problem, but it is an especially East Asian one. According to a study published in The Lancet medical journal in 2012, by Ian Morgan, of the Australian National University, South Korea leads the pack, with 96 percent of young adults (below the age 20) having myopia; and the rate for Seoul is even higher. In Singapore, the figure is 82 percent. To say that Asia is having an eye problem is an understatement.

Several factors are associated with the high rate of nearsightedness in China's children and teenagers, including lack of outdoor physical activity, lack of adequate sleep due to heavy work and excessive use of electronics products. And some biologists compared Singaporeans living in Singapore to those living in Australia. They found that 29 percent of the Singaporean students had myopia compared with just 3 percent in Sydney. The main correlation was once again, time spent outside.

“The big difference was the Chinese children in Australia were outdoors a lot more than their matched peers in Singapore,” says Ian Morgan, a retired biologist at Australian National University, who coauthored the 2008 study. “This was the only thing that fit with the huge difference in prevalence.”

1.From paragraph 2, according to the survey we can know that ____________.

A.the rate of myopia in Shanghai is the highest

B.the rate of myopia in the UK is higher than that in China

C.the rate of junior middle school students who suffer from myopia is the highest

D.the rate of senior middle school students who suffer from myopia is the highest

2.Which of the following is not the reason associated with the high rate of myopia in China?

A.Time of reading books. B.Lack of adequate sleep.

C.Lack of outdoor physical activity. D.Excessive use of electronics products.

3.The author writes the passage to __________.

A.introduce some methods to protect our eyes

B.tell us why so many people have an eye problem

C.compare the myopia figures of different countries

D.call on everyone to pay attention to the myopia among the young people

4.Where is the passage most probably from?

A.A literary essay. B.A historical novel.

C.A science report. D.A travel magazine.

Answer

1.D

2.A

3.D

4.C

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今东亚国家包括中国的年轻人近视率高这一现象并解释了近视的原因。

1.

细节理解题。根据第二段中的The survey, which was conducted last year, found that eight of 10 senior middle school students were nearsighted, compared with 71.6 percent in junior middle school, 36 percent in primary school and 14 percent of 6-year-olds in kindergarten.可知，去年进行的这项研究发现，10名高中生中有8人近视，而初中生近视率为71.6%，小学生近视率为36%，幼儿园6岁儿童近视率为14%。也就是说高中生的近视率是最高的。故选D项。

2.

细节理解题。根据第四段中的Several factors are associated with the high rate of nearsightedness in China's children and teenagers, including lack of outdoor physical activity, lack of adequate sleep due to heavy work and excessive use of electronics products.可知，有若干个因素与中国儿童和青少年近视率高有关，包括缺乏户外体育活动、课余作业繁重导致睡眠不足，以及过度使用电子产品。A项（读书的时间）在原文中并没有被提到。故选A项。

3.

推理判断题。文章第二段通过列举数据表明中国学生的近视现象非常严重，第三段作者提出近视患病率的不断上升不仅是中国一个国家的问题，而是困扰整个东亚的问题。第四段作者解释了近视的原因，可以看出全文都围绕着年轻人近视率高这一点来写的，作者写这篇文章的目的就是为了让人们看到这个问题的严重性，呼吁人们注意年轻人中的近视现象。故选D项。

4.

推理判断题。文章主要介绍了如今东亚包括中国的年轻人近视率高这一现象并解释了近视的原因，还引用了生物学家伊恩·摩根的话。由此可知，本文最有可能出自一篇科学报告。故选C项。