A new study suggests climate conditions in the Sahara Desert, one of hottest, driest and most deserted areas in the world, have changed from wet to dry a about every 20,000 years.
But previous evidence has suggested the Sahara did not always experience such extreme heat and dry conditions. At times, the Sahara Ranged to a very wet climate. This permitted plants and animals to develop and grow and led to the creation of human settlements. Now, they have discovered more evidence, which, the lead researcher David Mc Gee says, supports the idea that the Sahara's climate kept changing between wet and dry about every 20,000,years.
McGee reported these climate changes were mainly driven by changes in the Earth's(地轴)as the planet travels round the sun .This process affects the amount of sunlight between seasons. Every 20,000 years the Earth receives more strong summer sunlight. When the Earth's axis changes again, the amount of sunlight is reduced. This season change happened continuously every 20,000 years. The other part of the season produced rainy conditions, resulting in a wetter, greener, plant-rich environment. When the rainy activity weakens, the climate becomes hot and dry, like the Sahara remains today.
The scientists based their research on dust collected from ocean sediment(沉积物)in the Atlantic Ocean bottom off the coast of West Africa. The dust contained layers (层)of ancient sediment built up over millions of years. Each layer could contain traces of Saharan dust as well as the remains of life forms. This information was used to assess over what time period the dust had built up. This led to the overall finding that the Saharan changes from wet to dry climates happened every 20,000 years.
David McGee said that today we only see the Sahara Desert as an extremely deserted and “inhospitable” place. The new study suggests that the area's climate has changes between grasslands and a much wetter environment, and back to dry climates, even over the last quarter million years. McGee says he thinks the latest research can be valuable in studying the Sahara's history as it relates to human settlement.
1.What does the new study find about the Sahara Desert?
A. It is one of the hottest, driest and most deserted areas in Africa.
B. It always experiences extreme conditions because of its position.
C. Its climate changes between wet and dry about every 20,000 years.
D. Its environmental conditions stop plants and animals from surviving.
2.What is the direct reason for Sahara's climate changes?
A. Rainy activity. B. Solar radiation.
C. Human activity. D. Global environment.
3.How did the researchers acquire the evidence?
A. By analyzing ocean life.
B. By studying Sahara’s history.
C. By collecting dust on the coast.
D. By examining mean sediment.
4.What does the underlined word “inhospitable” probably mean?
A. Unsuitable to live. B. Insignificant lo study.
C. Unable to explore. D. Impossible to change.
Daniel Lamplugh remembers going shopping with his dad on Black Friday." Waking up at 6 a.m. the day after Thanksgiving is what I grew up doing," says the University of New Orleans film student.
A lot has changed since those childhood days. Online retailers(零售商)have forced many chains out of business. Consumers are increasingly shopping with their smart-phones. But a funny thing happened on the way to the future: Most shoppers are not going all-digital. Surveys show they're eager for good experiences at retail stores.
This November and December, for the first time ever retailer websites will get more traffic from mobile users than computer users, predicts Adobe Digital In sights." We live our lives with a combination of the physical and the digital." says Kit Yarrow, author of book Decoding the New Consumer Mind. Retailers have to understand it's not a question of either/or. It's a question of combining the two.
Heather Howe, an MBA student, said," Consumers like shopping on their phones and online because it's more convenient and because there are more options. I went to the Vans store to try on shoes and then I actually purchased them online while I was in the store.
While mobile sales are growing, the widest use smart-phones in stores is researching products or looking up product information(58 percent), closely followed checking or comparing prices(54 percent), according to a survey.
"My phone plays a huge role in online shopping, because I am on the email list for all of my favorite brand. so I get many emails daily informing me of sales, "s Rachel Lynch, who works at a Boston public-relation agency." Also, a store has an app that allows me to chat with other users about the products, and read reviews Online reviews are one of the first things I look at when I am about to buy a new product.”
“Electronics and kitchen equipment are definitely online purchases for me, since they're heavy to get home on the subway and often cheaper online," says Michael Miller-Ernest, a manager in Brooklyn,N.Y.
1.What do most shoppers tend to do now?
A.Do shopping all-digitally.
B.Use computers to do online shopping.
C.Do window shopping in shopping malls.
D.Go to physical stores with their smart-phones.
2.What's Kit Yarrow's suggestion for retailers?
A.Reaching both online and offline consumers.
B.Focusing on either the physical or the digital.
C.Encouraging consumers to use smart-phones.
D.Providing more convenience for computer users.
3.What does Heather Howe think of online stores?
A.They offer wider choices.
B.They sell high quality goods.
C.They will replace physical stores.
D.They are burning shoppers' patience.
4.What can be inferred about Rachel Lynch's habits?
A.She buys heavy goods online.
B.She often writes users' reviews.
C.She is fond of sending producers emails.
D.She tries to learn about other users' experience.
At 24, Tiffany Calver might worry she has already peaked (达到顶峰) as a DJ. She began DJing as a hobby, uploading mixes to her SoundCloud. Her high-energy selections soon caught the ears of the online station Radar Radio and then Drake’ s management, leading her to land many firsts.
“I just want to express myself,” she says. “I’m not interested in copying anyone else’s work; I have to be me. I love artists such as Kojey Radical whose lyrics (歌词) are so aware of human experiences. There are also great examples set by artists from the older generation like Ghetts. Ghetts actually cooperated with Kojey on Black Rose, which is all about colourism — prejudice against darker-skinned women — a huge problem in the black community (团体).”
“It’s really exciting to see the BBC taking notice of a new generation of tastemakers in our community. I remember a time when there was no place for younger voices. Snoochie Shy is taking on the 1Xtra rap (说唱) from Monday to Thursday and Charlie Sloth is being replaced by two women, which is huge for one of the biggest radio stations in the country. I think it’ll have a big effect and encourage more women to follow suit.”
“It was great to hear women such as Rico Nasty, who is aggressive, succeed last year because, even as a DJ, I hate it when people tell me I have to ‘play something for the ladies’. There’s such a rich history of unapologetic women in hip-hop, from Lil’ Kim to Cardi B and Nicki Minaj. Even rappers such as Noname, who might not have as much of an aggressive sound but can talk about politics in the same song, are not afraid to show all the layers there are to being a woman. It isn’t just soft and feminine.”
1.We learn from paragraph 2 that Kojey Radical and Ghetts ________.
A.are a new generation B.are in the same station
C.dare to express themselves D.live in the same community
2.What does Calver think of Charlie Sloth’s replacement?
A.She feels it is unbelievable. B.It is a heavy blow for many men.
C.It allows women to change jobs. D.She holds positive attitude towards it.
3.Which of the following words can describe the women mentioned in the last paragraph?
A.Brave. B.Creative.
C.Selfless. D.Considerate.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A.The success in music. B.The new voice of rap.
C.The different trend in DJ. D.The influence of a woman.
Camp Chinqueka
June 23—Aug. 17； $ 3,600—$ 10,000
The active participants at Camp Awosting’s all-girls sister camp are sure to give the boys a run for their money when it comes time to compete. With everything from swimming to sailing? dance? drama and gymnastics? the campers rarely stand still? and they are encouraged to do it all! Mornings and afternoons are packed with exciting happenings? and when the sun goes down, there are dances? movie nights and more to keep everyone entertained. Ages 6—16.
Curious Jane Summer Camps
July 8—Aug. 16 : Mon.—Fri. 9 am—3 :30 pm； per week $ 585
Curious Jane offers small artists in the third through sixth grades the chance to select a theme for a weeklong program. “Kitchen Chemistry “Stop Motion" “Sew Fun" and “Spy Science" are just a few of the offerings on the menu. Chances are, once the first session ends, your little camper will request a return ticket. Ages 7—12.
New Victory Theater Camp
July 15—19： Mon.—Fri. 9 am—4 pm； per week $ 525
Your actors will get an in-depth theater experience in which participants create an entire play all by themselves—from the script and music to the sets and props （道具）--under the direction of experienced artists. They'll also see professional productions of the “Victory Dance" show and experiment with different art forms. Ages 7——12.
Writopia Camp
Aug. 12—Aug. 23； $ 3,675
The WriCampia program in the Poconos is perfect for those desiring to pen the next great American novel. Published authors and playwrights help kids learn the secrets to writing? poetry and what makes a great novel? while campers also enjoy arts activities such as photography, theater and filmmaking. In the evening, everyone gathers around the campfire to exchange stories or test their team-building skills. Ages 7——18.
1.What is special about Camp Chinqueka?
A.Only girls are permitted to take part in.
B.Boys will be trained to run for money.
C.Campers will get performing experiences.
D.All are requested to see a film at night.
2.What is “Kitchen Chemistry"?
A.A subject at school. B.A dish on a menu.
C.The theme of a program. D.The topic of a discussion.
3.Which camp should those interested in writing novels go to?
A.Camp Chinqueka. B.Writopia Camp.
C.New Victory Theater Camp. D.Curious Jane Summer Camps.
假定你是李华，由于新冠状病毒疫情，你不能如期去英国诺丁汉大学报到。请你给学校写一封邮件申请延迟报到。主要内容包括:
1、表达歉意2、阐述理由3、希望获准
注意：1、100词左右；
2、可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：诺丁汉大学Nottingham University
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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
A few months after return to the US from Spain, I took a French course. I could speak well Spanish, so I decided to study other language. In the first lesson, Mr. White guided us to do a lot of pronunciation exercise. He would say a word and two in French，and each of us were asked to follow him in turn. When it was my turn, he kept having me to repeat what he said. After class, I ask Mr. White why. “I find it great fun. I've never heard American speak French in a Spanish accent"， he said happily.
