Question

    Human brains begin growing and developing at a very young age. They learn from the simplest experiences, which enable your children to be aware of the world. There’s no denying that outdoor play helps a lot!

Times when children have to wait for their turns on playground equipment and following the playground rules by sharing, all these form components of a healthy social-emotional development. Young children develop their social-emotional skills through practice and small steps over time.

As parents or caregivers, it is fairly simple to support your child’s social-emotional skills. Acts like holding him, touching him, and speaking to him and giving him loving care and attention are all helping factors. When you allow them freedom to play, it is important to follow their interests in helping build their social-emotional skills.

Difficulties in social-emotional skills can often lead to children having trouble when playing with other children. Becoming easily angry or not empathizing (理解) with other children are all signs that may point in this direction. This can in turn lead to them not empathizing with the needs of other children.

As for the development of cognitive (认知的) skills, these develop through practice and opportunity over time. And while some cognitive skills may be genetic, most are learned through real life situations. In other words, learning and thinking skills can be improved through experiences.

To enable them to learn, it is important that we are mindful of what our children are interested in. And this realization is only set in place once the child is given enough room and time to grow and explore.

Depriving children of such experiences can mean that they might struggle with higher- level thinking skills. And while it is normal to keep them safe, we forget that by rushing them and cutting down on play time, we’re actually causing more harm than good.

1.What can playing with other children greatly help children do?

A.Learn from other children.

B.Develop their social emotion.

C.Promote their personal hobbies.

D.Help them to control their emotion.

2.What usually brings trouble to a child while playing with other children?

A.Not understanding others.

B.Caring too much about others.

C.Lacking social emotional skills.

D.Being more selfish than selfless.

3.What does the underlined word “depriving” in the last paragraph mean?

A.Taking away.

B.Providing for.

C.Referring to.

D.Focusing on.

4.What is the main purpose of the text?

A.To call on us to promote children’s interest.

B.To show us the importance of social emotions.

C.To tell us how to improve children’s social emotions.

D.To persuade parents to allow their children to play outdoors.

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章通过分析户外玩耍对孩子的成长的利与弊，劝说家长让孩子在户外玩耍。

1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的最后一句“Young children develop their social-emotional skills through practice and small steps over time. 小孩子通过练习和一些小的步骤来发展他们的社交情绪技能。”及第三段最后一句“When you allow them freedom to play, it is important to follow their interests in helping build their social-emotional skills. 当你允许他们自由玩耍时，跟随他们的兴趣来帮助他们建立社交情感技能是很重要的。” 通过这两句可推断出当孩子们玩耍时可帮助他们培养社会情感技能，故远B。

2.细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“Difficulties in social-emotional skills can often lead to children having trouble when playing with other children.” 社交情感技巧的困难常常会导致孩子与其他孩子玩耍时有困难。而社会情感技巧的困难即是缺乏社交情感技巧导致孩子难以与别的孩子一起玩，故选C。

3.猜测词义题。倒数第二段最后一句“. And this realization is only set in place once the child is given enough and time to grow and explore.” 只有孩子得到足够的时间和成长和探索，这种认识才会到位。最后一段最后一句“by rushing them and cutting down on play time, we’re actually causing more harm than good.” 通过减少他们玩的时间，我们实际上造成的伤害大于好处。可知如果不让孩子玩即剥夺了孩子玩耍的时间会造成更多的伤害，故deprive指的是take away，带走，剥夺。故选A。

4.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“There’s no denying that outdoor play helps a lot!” 无可否认，户外运动（对孩子的大脑成长）有很大帮助。第二段最后一句“Young children develop their social-emotional skills through practice and small steps over time.”社交情感技能是通过玩形成的。最后一段最后一句“by rushing them and cutting down on play time, we’re actually causing more harm than good.”减少孩子玩的时间弊大于利。分析这三句可知文章的主要目的是劝说父母允许孩子在户外玩耍。故选D。