Question

Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.

Our faces show emotions, but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as members of another culture, but it does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.

It is difficult to conclude about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.

1.The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ________.

A.show friendliness to strangers

B.be used to hide true feelings

C.be used in the wrong places

D.show personal habits

2.What should we do before attempting to “read” people?

A.Learn about their relations with others.

B.Understand their cultural backgrounds.

C.Find out about their past experience.

D.Figure out what they will do next.

3.What would be the best title for the test?

A.Cultural Differences

B.Smiles and Relationships

C.Facial Expressiveness

D.Habits and Emotions

Answer

1.B

2.B

3.C

【解析】

本文是说明文。文章讲述了面部表情的种种表现形式，以及文化之间的差异导致的面部表情的含义不同。

1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures.”可知，这是一个中心句，其后用例证法证明微笑能隐藏真正的感情。其中越南人讲故事的例子就是为了说明这一观点。故选B。

2.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.”可知，我们在“读”人们的表情的时候，要先理解他们的文化背景，否则，就会出错。故选B。

3.主旨大意题。文章通篇阐述了面部表情的种种表现形式，以及文化之间的差异导致的面部表情的含义不同。故C适合作文章题目。故选C。