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阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It...

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

It’s time to reconsider food. Around the globe, food problems threaten wildlife, wild places and the planet itself. Today, 7.3 billion people consume 1.6 times 1.the earth’s natural resources can supply. By 2050, the world’s population will reach 9 billion and the demand for food will double.

So how do we produce more food for more people without 2.(expand) the land and water already in use? We can’t double the amount of food. 3.(fortunate), we don’t have to—we just have to double the amount of food available now instead. 4.short, we must freeze the footprint of food.

In the near-term, food production is enough 5.(provide) for all, but it doesn’t reach everyone who needs it. About 1.3 billion tons of food 6. (waste) each year—four times the amount 7. (need) to feed the more than 800 million people who are 8.(hunger).

By improving efficiency and productivity while reducing waste and shifting consumption 9. (pattern), we can produce enough food for everyone by 2050 on roughly 10. same amount of land we use now.

 

1.what 2.expanding 3.Fortunately 4.In 5.to provide 6.is wasted 7.needed 8.hungry 9.patterns 10.the 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。由于受到粮食问题的威胁,号召大家重视提高生产效率并且减少浪费。 1. 考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:如今,73亿人消耗的资源是地球自然资源能供应的1.6倍。分析句子可知,___1___the earth’s natural resources can supply为宾语从句,空中缺少的连接词在从句中做宾语,意为“所……的事,什么”,故填what。 2. 考查动名词。句意:那么,我们如何为更多的人生产更多的粮食,而不扩大已经使用的土地和水? 分析句子可知,空中的词作without的宾语,应用动名词形式,故填expanding。 3. 考查副词。 句意:幸运的是,我们不必这样做——我们只需将现有的食物量翻一番就可以了。分析句子可知,空中的词修饰整个句子作状语,应用副词形式,故填Fortunately。 4. 考查固定短语。 句意:总之,我们必须冻结粮食的足迹。短语In short为固定短语,意为“总之”,根据句意,故填In。 5. 考查不定式。 句意:短期内,粮食生产足以满足所有人的需求,但并不能满足所有需要的人。分析句子可知,空中的词用来作目的状语,应用不定式形式,故填to provide。 6. 考查时态和语态。 句意:每年约有13亿吨食物被浪费,是8亿饥饿人口所需食物的4倍。分析句子可知,空中的词作谓语,并且和主语之间为被动关系,根据时间状语each year,应用一般现在时的被动语态,并且主语food为不可数名词,故填is wasted。 7. 考查过去分词。 句意:同上。分析句子可知,空中的词作定语,修饰名词amount,并和修饰语之间为被动关系,应用过去分词,故填needed。 8. 考查词性转换。 句意:同上。 分析句子可知,空中的词作表语,应用形容词形式, 故填hungry。 9. 考查名词。 句意:通过提高效率和生产力,同时减少浪费和改变消费模式,到2050年,我们可以用与现在大致相同的土地为每个人生产足够的粮食。分析句子可知,空中的词作宾语,应用名词,并且pattern为可数名词,应加s, 故填patterns。 10. 考查固定搭配。句意:同上。分析句子可知,词语the same为固定搭配,意为 “相同的,一样的”,根据句意,故填the。
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B.draw people’s attention to those with social disorders

C.introduce a new trend in facial expression recognition

D.explain how emotional mirroring affects people’s empathy

 

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    They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them. With little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated the precise track that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrong’s history—making moonwalk, let it return to Earth.

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As Mrs. Johnson herself was fond of saying, her term at Langley—from 1953 until her retirement in 1986—was “a time when computers wore skirts.”

1.What is the function of the first paragraph?

A.To present the Apollo moon mission. B.To stress Mrs. Johnson’s contributions

C.To honour Neil Armstrong’s moonwalk. D.To mourn a great woman—Mrs. Johnson.

2.Which of the following was the toughest thing Mrs. Johnson had to overcome?

A.The difference between male and females in this field.

B.People’s not recognizing her talent.

C.Inequality in gender and race.

D.The hardships before the modern feminist movement.

3.Why were Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues described as “computers”?

A.Because they used computers to keep their work secret.

B.Because they were the agency’s human calculators.

C.Because computer systems engaged them deeply.

D.Because they calculate precisely using computers.

4.What can we learn from Mrs. Johnson’s experience?

A.Don’t judge a person by his appearance.

B.The world awaits our discovery.

C.Use knowledge to wipe out ignorance.

D.Never be limited by the labels attached by others.

 

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    While many of us may have been away somewhere nice last summer, few would say that we’ve “summered.” “Summer” is clearly a noun, more precisely, a verbed noun.

Way back in our childhood, we all learned the difference between a noun and a verb. With such a tidy definition, it was easy to spot the difference. Not so in adulthood, where we are expected to “foot” bills, “chair” committees, and “dialogue” with political opponents. Chances are you didn’t feel uncomfortable about the sight of those verbed nouns.

“The verbing of nouns is as old as the English language,” says Patricia O’Conner, a former editor at The New York Times Book Review. Experts estimate that 20 percent of all English verbs were originally nouns. And the phenomenon seems to be snowballing. Since 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns.

Even though conversion (转化) is quite universal, plenty of grammarians object to the practice. William Strunk Jr. and E.B.White, in The Elements of Style — the Bible for the use of American English — have this to say: “Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbs. Not all are bad, but all are suspect.” The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint, advising writers to use verbs with great care.

“Sometimes people object to a new verb because they resist what is unfamiliar to them,” says O’Conner. That’s why we’re comfortable “hosting” a party, but we might feel upset by the thought of “medaling” in sports. So are there any rules for verbing? Benjamin Dreyer, copy chief at Random House, doesn’t offer a rule, but suggests that people think twice about “verbifying” a noun if it’s easily replaceable by an already existing popular verb. Make sure it’s descriptive but not silly-sounding, he says.

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1.What can we learn about the verbing of nouns?

A.It hasn’t recently been opposed by many grammarians.

B.It is more commonly accepted by children than adults.

C.It hasn’t been a rare phenomenon in the past century.

D.It is easily replaced by existing verbs in practice

2.What is most leading experts’ attitude towards the practice of the verbing of nouns?

A.Cautious. B.Satisfied.

C.Disappointed. D.Unconcerned.

3.What does the author think of ending the verbing of nouns?

A.Predictable. B.Practicable.

C.Approaching. D.Impossible.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Are 40 Percent of all new verbs from nouns

B.Are Summering and Medaling Annoying?

C.Are You Comfortable about a New Verb?

D.Are There Any Rules for Verbing?

 

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