Nurses play a vital role on the front lines of the novel coronavirus(冠状病毒）pandemic. But a shortage of these essential health care workers could pose challenges in countries dealing with a growing number of COVID-19 cases.
"One of the lessons I hope the world learns from COVID-19 is that we must invest in nurses ," said World Health Organization Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus during a speech Tuesday in celebration of World Health Day.
WHO's new "State of the World's Nursing 2020" report has identified a global shortage of 5.9 million nurses. Many of those gaps are found in Africa, Southeast Asia, the Eastern Mediterranean, and parts of Latin America.
Among regions of the world, the Americas have the highest density of nurses at 83.4 per 10,000 people, followed by Europe with 79.3 nurses per 10,000 people. In contrast, there are 8.7 nurses per 10,000 people in Africa, 15.6 nurses per 10,000 people in the Eastern Mediterranean region, 16.5 nurses per 10,000 people in Southeast Asia, and 36 nurses per 10,000 people in the Western Pacific.
But there are also differences within regions. In the Americas, for example, countries such as Brazil, Canada, Chile, and the US have a higher density of nurses at close to or over 100 per 10,000 people, distorting the regional average. Many of the neighboring countries in the region have less than 50 nurses per 10,000 people. In Haiti, there are only 3.8 nurses per 10,000 people.
When based on country income, data in the report shows an unsurprising trend: The higher the income, the higher the nursing density. In low-income countries, the average density of nurses is 9.1 per 10,000 people, while the figure for high-income countries is 107.7 per 10,000 people.
But training more nurses won't solve the problem, said Dr. Giorgio Cometto, WHO coordinator on human resources for health policies and standards.
"If the country lacks the economic capacity to employ them or to create economic opportunities for them to work as nurses ... training more nurses can just go into the direction of making labor market imbalances, resulting in unemployment among nurses. And that's a huge wastage of human capital as well as financial resources," Cometto said.
The key is balancing training with the creation of employment opportunities in rural areas where there are known health worker shortages.
That may be easier said than done, especially among countries that are suffering from chronic or complex emergencies, in active conflict, or struggling in the wake of conflict. But in these settings, the international aid community can arrange its assistance with national priorities and covering recurrent costs, such as salaries, within a specified period of time, Cometto said.
1.How many nurses are needed according to WHO's new" State of the World 's Nursing 2020" report?
A.6 million. B.8.7Million.
C.3.8 Million. D.5.9Million.
2.From the figures in the passage , where are nurses most needed?
A.Africa. B.Haiti.
C.Eastern Mediterranean region. D.Southeast Asia.
3.Based on the country income what does the data in the report show?
A.The higher the income ,the more nurses are.
B.The higher the income,the more doctors are.
C.The lower the income ,the more doctors are.
D.The lower the income, the more nurses are.
4.From what Cometto said, we know that___.
A.It is easy to solve the problem of shortage of nurses.
B.It is not easy to solve the problem of shortage of nurses.
C.Training more nurses is a way to solve the problem.
D.The international aid community can arrange its assistance all the time.
Argentina: Land of Discovery
Experience the lively culture of Buenos Aires as you work to build low-income housing for local families in need.
Duration: 14 to 21 days
Program Type: Find Your Passion
Tuition: $4,999 (21 days); $3,399 (14 days)
Community Service Hours: 45 (21 days); 35(14 days)
Belize: Rhythms of the Caribbean
Make a difference as you work to promote children’ literacy, explore Belize’ diverse ecosystems, and experience the color and culture of this exotic nation.
Duration: 23 days
Program Type: Find Your Passion
Tuition: $4,999
Community Service Hours: 60
Costa Rica: Spanish Service Adventure
Navigate（驾驶船只）through a diverse mountainscape and improve your Spanish skills.
Duration: 14 to 21 days
Program Type: Language Exposure
Tuition: $4,999 (21 days); $3,399 (14 days)
Community Service Hours: 55 (21 days); 36(14 days)
Costa Rica: Protecting the Pacific
Protect the oceans through volunteer projects on the Pacific coast.
Duration: 13days
Program Type: Environmental Conservation
Tuition: $3,399
Community Service Hours: 30
1.Which program is focused on helping to improve the living conditions of the poor?
A.Land of Discovery . B.Rhythms of the Caribbean.
C.Spanish Service Adventure. D.Protecting the Pacific.
2.How is Rhythms of the Caribbean different from other programs?
A.It’ tuition fees are the cheapest. B.It provides different community service hours.
C.It is the longest program. D.It offers great opportunity to learn a language.
3.Which of the following statements gives you the least hours of community service.
A.Land of Discovery . B.Rhythms of the Caribbean.
C.Spanish Service Adventure. D.Protecting the Pacific.
假设你是李华，你的朋友Anne前天举办了生日聚会，但由于期末考试的临近，你忙于备考而未能出席。请根据以下要点写一封道歉信。
1. 表达歉意；2. 说明原因；3. 另约时间。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Anne,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
请改正下面短文中的错误。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Mike,
How is everything going with you? Hearing that you have a plan to learn Chinese, I’m writing to recommend a university that you can have a fruitful learning experience. My recommendation is Peking University, a well-known university suitable for language learning in China.
The reasons account for my recommendation are as follows. To begin with, being a first-class university with the best equipments and the finest teachers, Peking University is capable of offering professional guide and systematic training to you to master Chinese. That I think will impress you must be the resources you can have access during the whole process. Furthermore, locating in Beijing, which is the capital of China, this university has had profound historical culture. Thus, not only can we get to know those who speak standard Mandarin, but you will experience the power of Chinese culture.
All in all, I really hope you can pay a visit to Beijing. I’ll wait for you here and offer help wherever you need.
Yours sincerely,
Jane
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s time to reconsider food. Around the globe, food problems threaten wildlife, wild places and the planet itself. Today, 7.3 billion people consume 1.6 times 1.the earth’s natural resources can supply. By 2050, the world’s population will reach 9 billion and the demand for food will double.
So how do we produce more food for more people without 2.(expand) the land and water already in use? We can’t double the amount of food. 3.(fortunate), we don’t have to—we just have to double the amount of food available now instead. 4.short, we must freeze the footprint of food.
In the near-term, food production is enough 5.(provide) for all, but it doesn’t reach everyone who needs it. About 1.3 billion tons of food 6. (waste) each year—four times the amount 7. (need) to feed the more than 800 million people who are 8.(hunger).
By improving efficiency and productivity while reducing waste and shifting consumption 9. (pattern), we can produce enough food for everyone by 2050 on roughly 10. same amount of land we use now.
I come from one of those families where you have to yell at the dinner table to get in a word. Everyone has a strong _________ and talks at the same time, and no one has _________ leading to heated arguments. My aunts and uncles are lawyers. Discussions on politics are considered polite conversations. We’re that kind of family.
_______ a family like mine has made me more _________ about the world around me, making me tend to question anything anyone tells me. But it has also made me realize that I’m not a good listener. And when I say “listening”, I’m not_________ the nodding-your-head-and-_________-answering-Uh-huh-or-Ooh-I-see variety. I mean the kind of listening where you find yourself deeply _________ with the person you’re speaking with, when his story becomes so _________ that your world becomes less about you and more about him. No, I was never very good at that.
I spent summer in South Africa two years ago. I worked for a good non-profit _________ called Noah, which tirelessly __________ children affected by AIDS. But __________ you asked me what I really did in South Africa, I’d tell you one thing: I listened, and I listened. Sometimes I __________, but mostly I listened.
And had I not spent two months __________, I might have missed the touching __________ when a quiet little girl at one of Noah’s community centers, orphaned at the age of three, whispered after a long __________, “I love you.”
________ that summer, I knew how to hear. I could sit down with anyone and hear their __________ and nod and respond at the __________ time but most of the time I was __________ about the next words out of my own mouth. Ever since my summer in South Africa, I have noticed that it’s in those moments when my mouth is closed and my __________ is wide open that I’ve learned the most about other people, and perhaps about myself.
1.A.assumption B.influence C.opinion D.feeling
2.A.choice B.difficulty C.fun D.request
3.A.Belonging to B.Believing in C.Taking up D.Struggling for
4.A.curious B.anxious C.nervous D.adventurous
5.A.objecting to B.agreeing to C.attending to D.referring to
6.A.rudely B.loudly C.politely D.gratefully
7.A.identifying B.quarreling C.debating D.competing
8.A.vivid B.confusing C.addictive D.educational
9.A.school B.institute C.factory D.church
10.A.trains B.arranges C.employs D.assists
11.A.unless B.because C.although D.if
12.A.cheered B.spoke C.acted D.explained
13.A.speaking B.studying C.listening D.working
14.A.moment B.sound C.scenery D.performance
15.A.rest B.course C.journey D.silence
16.A.Before B.After C.Except D.Since
17.A.needs B.stories C.comments D.cases
18.A.valuable B.free C.right D.same
19.A.talking B.arguing C.learning D.thinking
20.A.door B.ear C.mind D.notebook
