Question

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

There seems never1.a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown．They probably came about just to give children something to do．

In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with2.．In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls 3.(prepare), even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world．

4.is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but 5.they have remained the same．The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology．It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the word and their persistence to the present 6.is amazing．In Egypt, America, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的)people, generally the same kinds of toys appeared．Variations depended on local customs and way of life 7. toys imitate their surrounding．Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles．

Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps 8. characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the cart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (进步)．The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓)used by a baby in 3000BC to 9.used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject 10.the limitations of available materials.

Answer

1.to have been

2.others

3.are being prepared

4.What

5.how much

6.that

7.because

8.that

9.one

10.to

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了玩具的发展过程及发展特点。

1.

考查固定句型和时态。句意：似乎从来没有过一个没有玩具的文明，但是玩具是什么时候和怎样发展起来的是不为人知的。本句是there be句型，句中又涉及句型seem to do sth.似乎是，仿佛，所以应用动词不定式形式，再根据句意可以推断出，应该是从过去到现在为止似乎从来没有过一个没有玩具的文明，所以时态应为现在完成时。故填to have been。

2.

考查固定短语。句意：在古代世界，和今天一样，大多数男孩玩一些种类的玩具，大多数女孩玩另一些。根据句中some kinds of toys中的some可以推断出，男孩们玩一些种类的玩具，与之相对应的，女孩们玩另一些，some…others一些……另一些。故填others。

3.

考查固定句型和时态。句意：甚至在游戏中，女孩们也在为步入成年人的世界和责任做准备。首先，本句涉及句型sb. be prepared to do sth.某人为做某事做准备，其次，根据句意，女孩们在玩游戏的同时，准备的动作正在发生，前调动作正在同时进行，应用现在进行时。故填are being prepared。

4.

考查主语从句连接词。句意：关于玩具的历史显著的不是几个世纪以来它们改变了多少，而是有多少东西保持不变。空格所在句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代后文提到的抽象概念。故填What。

5.

考查特殊疑问词。句意：关于玩具的历史显著的不是几个世纪以来它们改变了多少，而是有多少东西保持不变。空格所在句强调的是几个世纪以来，玩具有多少东西保持不变，这里的“保持不变的东西”是抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填how much。

6.

考查强调句。句意：玩具在各个方面发展的普遍性以及它们能够存续至今都是令人惊奇的。本句是强调句，句型为It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其它部分，因为被强调部分是物，所以用that。故填that。

7.

考查原因状语从句。句意：玩具的变化取决于当地的风俗和生活方式，因为玩具会模仿它们的周边环境。本句是原因状语从句，模仿周边环境是玩具发生变化的原因。故填because。

8.

考查定语从句。句意：因为玩具一般被认为是一种艺术形式，所以它们不受技术进步的影响，这些技术进步是以提供成年人使用的发明为特征的。本句是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物。故填that。

9.

考查代词。句意：进步是从公元前3000年一个婴儿玩的拨浪鼓到如今一个婴儿玩的拨浪鼓。空格处指代的是拨浪鼓这类玩具中的任意一个，表示泛指一个。故填one。

10.

考查固定短语。句意：每一个拨浪鼓都是时代艺术品味的产物，受可用材料限制性的影响。be subject to受……影响。故填to。