While it's no surprise that heavy drinking comes with health consequences, women in particular are more likely to suffer from alcohol—including an increased risk of alcohol-related death, according to a new study.
The study, published in the journal Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, looked at the death data of Americans 16 and older from 1999 to 2017. The researchers found nearly 1 million alcohol-related deaths in that time period and the largest annual increase of alcohol-related deaths occurred among Non-Hispanic white women.
"Historically, the most protective factor for women was that it was less common for women to drink a lot," Keith Humphreys, a professor of Stanford University tells Yahoo Lifestyle. "That was changed largely by alcohol companies. Women were targeted in advertising and it worked—and now women drink much more and now they're dying much more. ”
Excessive alcohol use can lead to several health problems over time—and women are particularly affected. "The risk of cirrhosis（肝硬化）and other alcohol-related liver diseases is higher for women than for men," according to the CDC. Drinking too much alcohol can also affect the brain, causing shrinkage（收缩）and memory loss. Research suggests that women are weaker than men to the brain damaging effects of alcohol abuse, and the damage tends to appear with shorter periods of excessive drinking for women than for men. Heavy drinking also influences heart health. The CDC states that studies show women who drink excessively have a higher risk of damaging the heart muscle than men, even for women drinking at lower levels.
The health consequences of drinking also develop more rapidly in women than in men. "You'll commonly see a woman who hasn't been drinking alcohol as long as men and the physical punishment comes faster,” says Humphreys.
1.How was the study done?
A.By doing experiments. B.By comparing data.
C.By watching closely. D.By asking and recording.
2.What's the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A.It explains the reasons for women to drink.
B.It compares the past and present of women.
C.It shows the newest finding about women drinking.
D.It comments on the terrible results of women drinking.
3.How many body parts of women may be damaged by excessive drinking?
A.Two. B.Three.
C.Four. D.Five.
4.What might be the best title for the passage?
A.Women, Suffer More from Drinking B.Drinking, Fashionable but Harmful
C.Drinking Does Harm to Health D.Men and Women, Drink Less
Like producers of wine from France's Champagne area, Brazil's chocolate industry is using geographical indication, or GI labels with good results. These labels show where the cocoa comes from and its quality. The special labels can lead to higher prices on the market.
Henrique Almeida is the 63-year-old owner of a farm in Coaraci, in the northeastern Brazilian state of Bahia. He is pleased with the "South Bahia" geographical indication for his cocoa. "The production of fine cocoa and the creation of the geographical indication label make it possible to have a profitable business and pull our region upwards," Almeida said.
For many years, farmers in Bahia had produced common cocoa, used widely in the chocolate industry. But in 1989, an outbreak of "witches' broom" disease sharply reduced the productivity of Bahia's cocoa trees. These trees make up to 86 percent of Brazil's national crop. At the time, Almeida, like other producers in southern Bahia, chose to improve the quality of his crop in order to be able to continue growing.
"When I bought the farm, standard cocoa prices were low, and cocoa farmers were unmotivated（无动机的）, while the chocolate market was doing well," he told the French news agency AFP. "I started growing fine cocoa to make my own chocolate and add value to my product."
The label is the result of 10 years of work by Almeida and other cocoa producers, as well as cooperatives and researchers. Together, they created the South Bahia Cocoa Association to define（定义）production rules. The National Institute of Industrial Property registered the GI 6 years after the first registered GI.
The “South Bahia” label is the second GI given to Brazilian cocoa. The Linhares region in the state of Espirito Santo was the first GI to be registered in 2012. Tome-Acu in the northeastern state of Para became the third in 2019.
1.What might be a result of witches' broom in 1989?
A.Many cocoa trees in Brazil died. B.Cocoa became quite expensive.
C.Farmers started to grow fine cocoa. D.Chocolate industry had to use common cocoa.
2.When was the "South Bahia" labeled?
A.In 2012. B.In 2014.
C.In 2016. D.In 2018.
3.What might happen to Brazilian cocoa in the future?
A.A national cocoa association may appear quickly.
B.Common cocoa may disappear soon.
C.Cocoa fanners may apply for more GI labels.
D.Cocoa prices will be higher and higher.
4.What's the main idea of the text?
A.Brazil's cocoa industry benefits from GI labels.
B.Brazil's cocoa farmers are learning to make French wine.
C.GI labels are making higher profits for Brazil's cocoa farmers.
D.Better Brazil's cocoa trees will bring finer Brazil's cocoa.
Sometimes while sitting doing nothing, our minds recall events from the past that make us all tingly inside. I had one of those moments yesterday. I believe this was triggered（引起）by the oldie The Impossible Dream that was playing on the radio yesterday afternoon!
In 1971, returning from our regular Friday night pregame meeting, I had no sooner walked in the door of our three-room apartment hack than the phone rang. It was the township police. They inquired if I was the football coach. I answered yes and asked if there was a problem. He said our football team had climbed the fence of the township football field and were sitting somewhere around the 50-yard line quietly. It was really not a problem. However, he thought I would like to know. I called my assistants, and made our way to the field.
We met the police at the locked gate. The field was dark and silent. Then, suddenly, we heard voices singing—together and on key—the team theme song, The Impossible Dream. Silently, we listened and became overwhelmed（压倒）with emotion. Even the policemen had tears rolling down their cheeks. When the team had finished, they walked slowly to the now-opened gate of the field and were shocked to see us waiting there. Of course, our first words were, "What is going on?"
Mike Bernert, the team captain, replied, "Well, coach, you told us to visualize our performance in our mind just before the night of the game. So we came and visualized the upcoming game while sitting on the 50-yard line. Afterward, we would sing The Impossible Dream.”
The coaches and I were overwhelmed. And of course, the team, which was undefeated at this point, never lost a game that season.
1.What does the underlined word “tingly” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A.Frightened. B.Excited.
C.Worried. D.Puzzled.
2.Why did the police call?
A.The team did something unusual.
B.The team had conflicts with fans.
C.The team locked themselves in the football field.
D.The team damaged the fences of the playground.
3.How did the team feel when they saw the author and the policeman?
A.Happy. B.Sad.
C.Ashamed. D.Surprised.
4.What is the purpose for the team to sing the song?
A.To enjoy themselves. B.To inspire themselves.
C.To celebrate their success. D.To rest themselves.
Here are some drop-dead wonderful botanical gardens where you can fill your mind with facts as well as filling your camera roll with beautiful pictures.
Cape Town, South Africa
Rhodes Drive, Newlands, 7735 Cape Town, South Africa.
Kissing the east side of Table Mountain, Kirstenbosch is one of the world's most biodiverse gardens and a leader in conservation science. The sprawling site contains incredible forms of flora and near-endangered plants that have been cultivated since the early 1900s. Explore at ground level or from up above along "the Boomslang" , a treetop walkway.
Don't miss: The beautiful sculpture garden includes a bust of Nelson Mandela and breathtaking Mambo sculptures, carved from opal stone（蛋白石）.
Singapore Botanical Gardens
1 Cluny Rd, 259569 Singapore.
This place is called the Disneyland of Botanical Gardens. Now 160 years old, the tropical garden has it all：a section of the city's primary rainforest, an orchid garden, a ginger garden and an exhibition on ethnobotany, plus some wise old trees. It even has a pair of swans from Amsterdam, a national flower called Vanda Miss Joaquim and its own mist garden.
Don't miss：The National Orchid Garden with more than 1 000 species and 2 000 hybrids on display, plus a series of special tools and equipment to ensure the right humidity（湿度）.
Ryoan-ji Temple, Kyoto, Japan
13 Ryoanji Goryonoshitacho, Ukyo Ward, Kyoto 616 -8001, Japan.
While Kyoto's bonsai-and bamboo-filled botanical gardens are worth a visit, you should also check out the city's Zen Buddhist temple. Set inside a fifteenth-century temple, this is a place for reflection. For maximum zen（禅/禅宗），walk the grounds and a lake flanked by Japanese blossom and maple trees.
Don't miss: Try the local delicacy, yudofu（boiled tofu）at the temple's traditional restaurant.
1.What is Kirstenbosch garden special for?
A.Wonderful views. B.Garden tools.
C.Stone sculptures. D.Local foods.
2.Where would a person go if he is interested in religion?
A.Rhodes Drive, Newlands, 7735 Cape Town, South Africa.
B.1 Cluny Rd, 259569 Singapore.
C.Royal Botanic Gardens, London, TW9 3AB, UK.
D.13 Ryoanji Goryonoshitacho, Ukyo Ward, Kyoto 616 -8001, Japan.
3.Which section of a newspaper does the passage belong to?
A.Agriculture. B.Photography.
C.Traveling. D.Food.
假设你是学生会主席李华,你将代表你校2020届毕业生在学校毕业典礼上发言，请你用英语写一篇发言稿，发言稿内容要点如下：
1.回顾；
2.感谢；
3.祝愿。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 不得使用真实人名、校名等相关信息；
3.可适当增加细节。
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, my dear teachers and fellow graduates,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Nowadays, many people like buying second-hand goods. The reason are as follows: First of all, second-hand goods are cheaper than new ones, enabled poor people to buy the things they want. Moreover, the second-hand goods trade makes possible for people to make good use of the goods what may be useless in their hands. Besides, the Internet provides a conveniently platform for second-hand goods. Therefore, there are some problems in the second-hand goods trade. For one thing, the quality of second-hand goods cannot be promise. For another, second-hand goods markets lack of enough management, and there exist many dishonest trade activities. In the word, the second-hand goods trade is a good trading way, but it need further perfection.
