Want a wonderful travel in London? Don’t miss the following!
The Guards Museum
The Guards Museum was created as an educational tool for the newest intake of the Guards and includes exhibits of uniform for the five Roval regiments (团) dating from the Civil War, with details of the nature and origin of their ceremonial duties right up to their contemporary role. To anyone interested in these world-famous soldiers this London tourist attraction is a must-see.
Telephone: 020 7414 3428
Toy theatre
Toy theatre (or paper theatre) was most popular in the 1800s, and consists of paper theatres, some with an extraordinary level of detail, allowing children to stage their own productions at home, usually with cut-out sheets of figures for the scenery, props (道具) and various characters in the play.
Telephone: 020 7967 1066
Charles Dickens Museum
The Charles Dickens Museum, an author’s house museum at Doughty Street, is a celebration of one of the greatest novelists in British history. The museum exhibits over 100, 000 items from personal items to artworks (艺术品) from some of his books. It is said that Dickens wrote 3 of his most famous stories while living here, Oliver Twist, Nicholas Nickleby and The Pickwick Papers. The building is the writer’s only surviving London house and we can get to know what life in the household would have been like.
Telephone: 020 7405 2127
Foundling Museum
The Foundling Museum was originally one of the first houses in London for abandoned children and housed over 27, 000 children before its closure (关闭). Since then this London attraction has transformed (转化) itself into one special London museum with a large collection of artworks and social history relating to the children taken in and the terrible social problems that led to children being abandoned by their parents.
Telephone: 020 7841 3600
1.Which will you call if you prefer some history of the army?
A.020 7414 3428 B.020 7967 1066
C.020 7405 2127 D.020 7841 3600
2.What can we learn from the Charles Dickens Museum?
A.The house remains famous as before.
B.It is Charles Dickens’ only surviving house.
C.Visitors can have a taste of Dickens’ life there.
D.Charles Dickens wrote most of his novels there.
3.Which used to be a welfare(福利) institute?
A.The Guards Museum B.Toy theatre
C.Charles Dickens Museum D.Foundling Museum
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序给学校英文报投稿，记述你所居住的小区在你的建议下建立爱心驿站的过程。
注意：1. 词数不少于60;
2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词： 物业 the management department
Last week, a rest station was set up at my suggestion in our community. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你从英国笔友Jim的来信中得知他所在的大学正在招募国际学生参加暑期夏令营活动。你有意参加。请给该大学写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感兴趣；
2. 你打算参加的原因；
3. 询问相关信息。
注意：1．词数不少于50；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
At one point or another, you’ve probably heard someone speak with confidence on a topic that they actually know almost nothing about. This phenomenon is known as the Dunning-Kruger effect, which refers to the finding that people who are relatively unskilled or unknowledgeable in a particular subject sometimes have the tendency to overestimate their knowledge and abilities.
In a set of studies, researchers Justin Kruger and David Dunning asked participants to complete tests of their skills in a particular domain. Then, participants were asked to guess how well they had done on the test. 1. This effect was most pronounced among participants with the lowest scores on the test.
David Dunning explains that “the knowledge and intelligence that are required to be good at a task are often the same qualities needed to recognize that one is not good at that task.” In other words, if someone knows very little about a particular topic, they may not even know enough about the topic to realize that their knowledge is limited. Importantly, someone may be highly skilled in one area, but be influenced by the Dunning-Kruger effect in another domain.2.
If people who know very little about a topic think they’re experts, what do experts think of themselves? Interestingly, Dunning and Kruger found that although experts typically guessed their performance was above average, they didn’t realize quite how well they had done. They often make a different mistake:3.
What can people do to overcome the effect? Dunning and Kruger once had some of the participants take a logic test and then complete a short training session on logical reasoning. After the training, the participants were asked to assess how they’d done on the previous test. 4.
Afterward, the participants who scored in the bottom 25 percent lowered their estimate of how well they thought they had done on the initial test. In other words, one way to overcome the effect may be to learn more about a topic.
The Dunning-Kruger effect suggests that we may not always know as much as we think we do.
5. However, by challenging ourselves to learn more and by reading about opposing views, we can work to overcome the effect.
A.Researchers found that the training made a difference.
B.They assume that everyone else is knowledgeable, too.
C.This happens when people don’t know much about a topic.
D.All of them had a more accurate view of their performance.
E.They found that participants tended to overestimate their abilities.
F.This means that everyone can potentially be affected by the Dunning-Kruger effect.
G.In some domains, we may not know enough about a topic to realize that we are unskilled.
Once I told someone I wanted to get a master’s degree of fine arts in creative writing and they told me it was the second-to-worst post-graduation plan they’d ever heard from a student. Arts degrees — especially fine arts degrees, which usually come in the form of music, studio art, creative writing and theater — have been, over the years, labeled useless.
It’s true that for the most part, STEM degrees lead to higher paying jobs than liberal and fine arts degrees, and it’s understandable why young people care about a higher starting salary and financial security. Student loan debt is playing a role in the physical and mental stress of young people.
And while STEM majors usually have starting salaries that are $20,000 higher than those of liberal arts majors, by the time people reach the age of 40, the salaries between those who majored in the liberal arts and those who majored in STEM are virtually the same. For example, women who major in STEM earned nearly 50% more than social science and history majors at ages 23-25, but only 10% more by ages 38-40, a New York Times analysis reported. So even in terms of salary, which doesn’t solely determine whether or not a degree is useful, liberal arts degrees aren’t all that far behind STEM.
It seems too that since people nowadays are going to have to work longer, it’s more important than ever that we actually like and care about what we’re doing. Pursuing something enjoyable, or else a passion, is continuously found to be a key factor in maintaining healthy relationships, mental health, physical health and energy. In other words, not useless.
Art is also a method of communication. It allows people from different backgrounds, from different walks of life to communicate with each other. In a world where borders and division seem to be all over the place, we need art more than ever. We need liberal arts majors. And more than anything, we need to be able to pursue what we love with confidence, and we need to not get caught up in the “usefulness” of what we love.
And just because someone’s primary job isn’t in their field of study — a writer who teaches high school for example— doesn’t make the degree useless. It just means that their way of finding a stable income is different. The same goes for artists who have to work multiple jobs to support themselves. They might have to find other means of supporting themselves and their artistry. It might be copy editing or it might be tutoring.
So I am going to graduate school, and I am going to graduate school for writing. I might be paying rent by way of overnight restaurant shifts — there’s so much I’m not sure of. But one thing I am sure of is this — I would rather be a writer working two jobs to pay my bills than be no writer at all.
1.A New York Times analysis report is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to ______.
A.analyse the potential value of different majors
B.put forward the opinion on majors by example
C.prove the argument against arts degrees wrong
D.demonstrate the link between majors and incomes
2.Why does the author think learning arts is useful?
A.Following one’s dream of arts keeps one in good condition.
B.Doing what one loves builds up one’s self-confidence in arts.
C.Mastering arts improves one’s understanding of different jobs.
D.Developing a love for arts helps one maintain passion for work.
3.The author thinks that doing multiple jobs is _______.
A.unavoidable B.common
C.traditional D.acceptable
4.What can we infer from the passage?
A.Students learning arts are more concerned about the value of life.
B.People tend to place income in the first place when choosing majors.
C.The man who doesn’t love his work won’t stick with the job for long.
D.Graduates can find a broader space of development in the field of arts.
Mathew White, an environmental psychologist, is on a mission to give Mother Nature the respect he thinks she deserves when it comes to human health. For decades, scientists and health-care professionals have recognized that exposure to green spaces, such as public parks or forests, is linked with lower risks of all sorts of illnesses common in the world. Experimental work has demonstrated various physiological responses that occur when people spend time in natural environments: blood pressure drops, heart rate decreases, immune function improves, and the nervous system directs the body to rest and digest.
As humans increasingly populate urbanized areas, they are spending less and less time in natural environments. But before doctors can start advising their patients to head to the nearest park, there is an important outstanding question, says White: How much time in nature do you need to generate these apparent benefits? Most of the research that has linked health outcomes with exposure to the natural world didn’t use frequency or duration of park visits, but rather the amount of green space within a certain distance of a person’s home, White says. But “it’s not so much where you live; it’s whether you use it or not.”
So he collected data to estimate what dose（剂量） of nature was needed to show benefits to a person’s health. White’s group found the answer he was after: Spending at least two hours in nature per week was strongly correlated with self-reports of being in good health or having high wellbeing. “I was very surprised, to be honest,” says White, who had been expecting a much longer time. “We had no idea that such a clear threshold of time per week would emerge from the data.”
He was further surprised to learn that it didn’t seem to matter how many trips to a park people took, so long as they got in their two hours per week. It could be a long visit one day, a couple of hour-long trips, three visits of 40 minutes, or four half-hour excursions. He and his colleagues speculate that, if nature’s apparent health benefits are a result of being able to de-stress, then whatever pattern of green space exposure fits one’s schedule is probably the best way to achieve that goal.
Health-care recommendations for people to spend time in nature are probably years away, but the movement has begun. Several organizations around the world are working to promote awareness of nature’s contribution to health. Some researchers have used the term “a dose of nature” to evaluate the amount of exposure needed to gain benefits. “That was kind of the deliberate medicalization of the language around nature and health,” says White.
1.White’s research focused on_______.
A.required amount of green space
B.benefits from the exposure to nature
C.necessary time length of nature visits
D.physical responses to outdoor activities
2.What does the underlined phrase “threshold of time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Maximum time. B.Minimum time.
C.Adequate time. D.Average time.
3.From the last paragraph, we can infer that White______.
A.is confident about his mission
B.is willing to cooperate with others
C.has persuaded others to accept his idea
D.has adopted the term for his research result
4.What’s the best title for the passage?
A.Respect for Nature B.Nature as Medicine
C.Present from Nature D.Mission in Nature
