Question

    From poverty to a rocket scientist to the CEO of the Girl Scouts (女童子军), Sylvia Acevedo’s story is inspiring.

Sylvia Acevedo grew up on a dirt road in New Mexico. Her family was _______, living paycheck to paycheck. After an infectious disease _______in Las Cruces nearly killed her younger sister, her mother moved the family to a different _______. At her new school, a classmate _______her to become a Brownie Girl Scout. And from that moment, her life _______a new path.

The Girl Scout cookie program equips girls with basic _______knowledge. Women constantly in the sector said they got their _______through it. Sylvia Acevedo was there going door-to-door _______ cookies to all her neighbors. There’s a famous sales _______ that her troop leader gave her: you never leave the side of a sale ________ you’ve heard “no” three times, and to this day she ________ by that.

The Girl Scout experience in a way got girls ________. When they are earning different badges (徽章) , they have all those job skills that are ________related to what they’ve learned. On one camping trip, Acevedo’s troop leader saw her looking up at the ________—she didn’t know that there were planets. Her troop leader ________the Big Dipper, the Little Dipper and a few planets. Later, when the girls were ________ badges, Acevedo’s leader remembered her ________with the stars and suggested she try for her science badge. She went on to get a master’s in ________ from Stanford University, then became a rocket scientist with NASA, and then, in 2016, was appointed to ________ the Girl Scouts.

What the Girl Scouts taught her was determination and resilience (适应力) and she has kept that ________in her life ever since.

1.A.large B.happy C.poor D.close

2.A.control B.outbreak C.symptom D.victim

3.A.project B.neighbourhood C.schoolyard D.division

4.A.convinced B.advised C.forced D.allowed

5.A.took up B.took in C.took off D.took on

6.A.political B.cultural C.financial D.religious

7.A.start B.way C.head D.vote

8.A.allocating B.selling C.making D.tasting

9.A.campaign B.figure C.program D.technique

10.A.after B.while C.until D.since

11.A.lives B.gets C.passes D.judges

12.A.adopted B.hired C.noticed D.supported

13.A.gradually B.hopefully C.closely D.loosely

14.A.trees B.birds C.stars D.tents

15.A.pointed out B.ruled out C.sorted out D.brought out

16.A.wearing B.donating C.counting D.earning

17.A.satisfaction B.association C.combination D.fascination

18.A.engineering B.marketing C.teaching D.nursing

19.A.back B.head C.fund D.check

20.A.dream B.promise C.lesson D.standard

Answer

1.C

2.B

3.B

4.A

5.D

6.C

7.A

8.B

9.D

10.C

11.A

12.B

13.C

14.C

15.A

16.D

17.D

18.A

19.B

20.C

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。Sylvia Acevedo幼年时成为女童子军的一员。在一次露营中，队长发现她对星星着迷，鼓励她学习科学。多年后，她获得了斯坦福大学的工程学硕士学位，随后成为了NASA的科学家，并在 2016年被任命为女童子军的CEO。

1.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她家里很穷，靠薪水过日子。A. large大的；B. happy幸福的；C. poor 贫穷的；D. close亲密的。根据第一段中“From poverty to a rocket scientist to the CEO of the Girl Scouts”，可知 Sylvia Acevedo出身贫困。故选C项。

2.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Las Cruces爆发的一场传染病几乎夺去了她妹妹的生命之后，她的母亲把家搬到了另一个临近的地区。A. control控制； B. outbreak （疾病等）突然 爆发；C. symptom症状；D. victim 受害者。根据“…nearly killed her younger sister” 可知，此处指传染病“爆发”很严重。故选B项。

3.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Las Cruces爆发的一场传染病几乎夺去了她妹妹的生命之后，她的母亲把家搬到了另一个临近的地区。A. project项目； B. neighbourhood 临近的地区，地区；C. schoolyard校园；D. division分区。Sylvia Acevedo 一家搬家应该是搬到另一个“地方”。故选B项。

4.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的新学校，一个同学说服她成为一名女童子军。A. convinced说服；B. advised建议；C. forced 强迫；D. allowed允许。根据下文可知，Sylvia参加了女童子军，因此是同学“说服”了她。故选A 项。

5.

考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那一刻起，她的生活呈现出一个新面貌。A. took up占据，开始从事；B. took in收留，欺骗；C. took off （飞机）起飞，脱下；D. took on呈现出，承担。根据下文Sylvia参加女童子军后的经历可知，她的生活“呈现出”一个新面貌。故选D 项。

6.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女童军的饼干义卖项目使女童具备了基本的金融方面的知识。A. political政治的；B. cultural文化的；C. financial经济的；D. religious宗教的。根据下文提到的“sales”可知，通过销售饼干，女孩们了解到基本的与“经济”有关的知识。故选 C项。

7.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：该行业的女性经常表示，她们是通过这个行业起步的。A. start开始；B. way方法；C. head 头；D. vote投票。故选A项。此处start是名词，指“ (谋生、事业等)开始，起步”。根据上文“The Girl Scout cookie program equips girls with basic 6 knowledge”中的“basic 6 knowledge”可推知，了解基本知识应该是“开始”。故选 A项。

8.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sylvia Acevedo挨家挨户地向所有的邻居们推销饼干。A. allocating分配；B. selling 卖，销售；C. making制作；D. tasting品尝。根据下一句提到的“sales”可知，女孩们是“销售”饼干。故选 B项。

9.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的团队队长给了她一个著名的销售技巧：如果你没有听过三次“不”，你就不能离开销售现场。A. campaign宣传活动；B. figure数据；C. program项目；D. technique技巧。根据 you never leave the side of a sale ___10___ you’ve heard “no” three times可推知，团队队长是告诉她销售“技巧”。故选D 项。

10.

考查连词词义辨析。句意：她的团队队长给了她一个著名的销售技巧：如果你没有听过三次“不”，你就不能离开销售现场。A. after在……之后；B. while当……时候， C. until直到；D. since自从。根据本句中never可知，此处是短语never…. until ，意思为“直到……才”。故选C项。

11.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到今天她还奉行那个著名的销售技巧。A.lives居住； B.gets得到； C.passes 通过；D.judges判断。 lives by 以……为生；以……为行为准则；gets by勉强应付；Casses by经过； judges by根据……判断。根据“ to this day”可知，此处指现在她还以这个销售技巧为行为准则。故选A项。

12.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：女童子军的经历从某种程度上来说帮助女孩子们受到聘用。A. adopted收养；B. hired雇佣，聘用；C. noticed 注意到；D. supported支持。根据下文“... they have all those job skills...”可知，女孩们在女童子军中的经历对她们的工作技能有帮助。故选 B项。

13.

考查副词词义辨析。句意：当她们获得不同的徽章，所有那些职业技能和她们所学的密切相关。 A. gradually逐渐地；B. hopefully有希望地； C. closely密切地；D. loosely松散地。根据上一句“The Girl Scout experience in a way got girls 12 ”可知，女孩们在女童子军中学到的东西与她们后来的工作技能有密切相关。故选C项。

14.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次野营旅行中，Acevedo的团队队长看到她在仰望星空——她不知道有行星存在。A. trees 树木；B. birds鸟儿；C. stars星星；D. tents帐篷。根据下一句“ she didn’t know that there were planets”中的“planets”可知，她是抬头看着“星空”。故选C项。

15.

考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的队长指出了北斗七星、小北斗七星和几个行星。A. pointed out指出；B. ruled out排除在外；C. sorted out 分类，整理；D. brought out使显现出。根据上一句中“she didn’t know that there were planets”，她不知道有行星，因此队长给她“指出”都有些什么星星。故选 A项。

16.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，当女孩们获得徽章时，Acevedo的队长想起了她对星星的着迷，建议她争取她的科学徽章。A. wearing佩戴；B. donating捐赠；C. counting数；D. earning赚取，赢得。根据上文“When they are earning different badges ( 徽章)… ”可知，是“赢得徽章”，此处是词汇复现。故选D项。

17.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，当女孩们获得徽章时，Acevedo的队长想起了她对星星的着迷，建议她争取她的科学徽章。A. satisfaction满意； B. association联想，联系；C. combination结合；D. fascination入迷。根据上文“...her looking up at the ___14___—she didn’t know that there were planets.”可知，Acevedo对星星很“着迷”。故选D项。

18.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：她后来在斯坦福大学获得了工程学硕士学位。A. engineering工程学；B. marketing市场营销；C. teaching教学；D. nursing护理学。根据下一句的“then became a rocket scientist with NASA”可知，她学习的是工程学。故选A项。

19.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在2016年被任命为女童子军负责人。A. back支持；B. head 作为……的领头人，带领；C. fund资助；D. check核对，检查。根据第一段中的“From poverty to a rocket scientist to the CEO of the Girl Scouts ( 女童子军) ”可知，她被任命为女童子军的负责人。故选B 项。

20.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：女童子军教会她的是决心和适应力，从那以后，她也把那些课程运用到生活中。A. dream梦想；B. promise承诺；C. lesson课程，教训；D. standard标准。此处是指前文中提到“What the Girl Scouts taught her was determination and resilience(女童子军教会她的是决心和适应力)”可知，此处指她把学到的“课程”运用到生活中。故选C项。