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Robots have certain advantages compared ...

    Robots have certain advantages compared to humans: They are efficient, tireless, can be repaired when damaged and they never get sick. This last trait has made them the star during our fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. While hundreds of thousands of medical workers have fallen ill dealing with this highly infectious virus and a lot more are forced to stay at home for fear of getting the disease, this isn’t a problem for robots.

This is why the COVID-19 outbreak is seen as the “tipping point”---noted The Independent Science reporter Anthony Cuthbertson---for robots to start to replace humans in certain jobs.

In areas like hospitals and healthcare facilities, robots are used to perform high-risk tasks. In China, for example, a hotel in Hangzhou employed a robot named “Little Peanut” to deliver food to people under quarantine(隔离期). In Spain, robots are about to be used to test people for the coronavirus. Ultraviolet-light-disinfection (紫外线消毒) robots are also being widely used to clean hospital corridors and wards.

“Hospitals around the world are waking up to autonomous disinfection,” Per Juul Nielsen, CEO of Denmark’s UVD Robots, a leading company manufacturing disinfection robots, told Forbes. “We can’t build these robots fast enough.”

In non-medical companies, robots are also replacing human employees since they don’t have the problem of social distancing and will never take sick leave. Walmart and Amazon, for example, where robots are already used in sorting, packing and shipping, are planning to increase the number of robots in their facilities. Fast-food chains like McDonald’s are not only delivering food with robots in some areas, but also looking to use them as cooks and servers.

According to futurist Martin Ford, using more robots than human employees can prove to be rewarding for companies---even when the pandemic is over. “People will prefer to go to a place that has fewer workers and more machines because they feel they can lower overall risk,” Ford told the BBC.

But this sudden surge (激增) in robot demand doesn’t mean that they triumph over humans in every aspect. According to Bill Smart, a roboticist at Oregon State University, the human contact between doctors and patients is still important. Doctors comfort the patients and guide them through hard decisions while robots are only doing routine tasks, like cleaning and giving tests, just to free up doctors and nurses.

It might be true that robots have certain advantages over humans, but they are still secondary to human interaction.

1.What is the text mainly about?

A.The advantages of robots compared to humans.

B.Different views toward applying robots to fight COVID-19.

C.Why the COVID-19 outbreak has fueled robot demand.

D.The important role humans play in certain areas.

2.What has made robots desirable during the pandemic according to the text?

A.They can be repaired when damaged.

B.They test people for coronavirus more precisely.

C.They never get tired and can replace doctors and nurses.

D.They are not vulnerable to the coronavirus.

3.What does Martin Ford think of the application of robots?

A.Its benefits are appealing and lasting.

B.Machines are less disturbing than humans.

C.It poses a threat to human employment.

D.There are some risks with the use of robots.

4.What can be concluded from the last two paragraphs?

A.The demand for robots is too great to meet.

B.Human interaction is essential in some areas.

C.Doctors can make more accurate judgments than robots.

D.Robots need updating to improve contact with humans.

 

1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 【解析】 这是一篇科普说明文。通过实例说明机器人的用途:在与新冠病毒疫情作斗争中发挥作用,能代替人类作一些人类所不能作的工作等,但这不能说机器人能最终能代替人类。机器人的确有优点,但仍然在人类互动上略输一筹。 1. 主旨大意题。通过审题得知这篇文章主要讲什么。这样的文章行文往往有一个特点就是每段的开头直接点明主题,综合这些主题你便得到中心思想,即文章主要讲什么。通过第一段信息可以得知在与新冠病毒疫情作斗争的过程中有成千上万的医护人员都病倒了,但机器人如果介入的话,就不存在这个问题。而第二段开头一句:This is why the COVID-19 outbreak is seen as the “tipping point”---noted The Independent Science reporter Anthony Cuthbertson---for robots to start to replace humans in certain jobs.这正是为什么新冠疫情爆发被看作是机器人在某些特定的工作中开始代替人类的转折点的原因。下文接着讲机器人是如何代替人类作一些特定工作的。由此可以推出新冠疫情的爆发,实际上促进了机器人使用的发展和壮大,不然的话,怎么会出现转折点这一字眼呢?转折点的意思就是原来不是很流行,现在变得流行起来,而变得流行起来是需要动力的,fuel是加速的意思,即给予动力让其速度提起来。这里C选项中:Why the COVID-19 outbreak has fueled robot demand.为什么新冠疫情爆发加速机器人的需求。切合文意。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。审题得知:是什么使得机器人在疫情中很理想。这是问机器人的一个特点。文章中 “Hospitals around the world are waking up to autonomous disinfection,” Per Juul Nielsen, CEO of Denmark’s UVD Robots, a leading company manufacturing disinfection robots, told Forbes.一位制造免受感染机器人公司的领军人物告诉福布斯说:“全世界的医院在制造免感染自动化机器人方面都觉醒过来”。……这里disinfection是免受感染的意思,转换一下意义就是说不容易受到伤害的意思。而上面的文章内容讲述的是杭州使用机器人在高危地方即隔离区里的人员派送一日三餐工作的经历,西班牙使用机器人检测病人新冠病毒,利用机器人进行紫外线进行消毒处理的经历。而这些都是高危工作,高风险的工种,让机器人去做是因为它们作的时候不会那么容易受到伤害。而D选项:They are not vulnerable to the coronavirus.他们不受新冠病毒的伤害。这里vulnerable是超纲词汇表示受伤的、弱势的意思。这与文意切合。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。审题得知:马丁福特如何看待机器人的应用。关键词信息是马丁福特,所以定位于此:According to futurist Martin Ford, using more robots than human employees can prove to be rewarding for companies---even when the pandemic is over. 根据未来主义者马丁福特的观点,使用更多的机器人而不是更多的劳力能够证明这对公司是有回报的。哪怕是在疫情完结以后。“People will prefer to go to a place that has fewer workers and more machines because they feel they can lower overall risk,” Ford told the BBC.福特告诉BBC电台说,“人们宁愿去有更少的人更多的机器人工作的地方,因为他们感觉它们能够降低风险。”这里可以提炼出两点关键信息:一、使用更多的机器人对公司有回报,说明它的利益诱人;二、哪怕是疫情结束以后,说明这个利益是可持续的。而A选项切合此意:Its benefits are appealing and lasting.它的利益诱人且持久。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。审题得知最后两段的意思是什么。通过分析可以得知倒数第二段主要讲的是人类的活动机器人代替不了的一些具体事实,the human contact between doctors and patients is still important. 人类的接触比如医生与病人之间的接触仍然很重要。Doctors comfort the patients and guide them through hard decisions 医生安慰病人,指导他们做出艰难的决定从而度过难关。while robots are only doing routine tasks,而机器人仅仅只能做一些日常工作诸如……。这里就已经说明机器人虽然可以替代人类做一些事情,但仅限于做一些机械的工作比如日常事务等。而人类在情感交流方面机器人却达不到要求,比如医生能够安慰病人而机器人却不行。能够指导病人做出艰难的决定,而机器人却不行。这说明人与人之间的最重要的超越机器人的品质就是能够互动。因此文章最后一段说:It might be true that robots have certain advantages over humans, but they are still secondary to human interaction.也许机器人在某些特定的品质上优于人类,但它们比起人类互动起来仍然略输一筹。这里点睛之笔就是关键词interaction,互动。而选项中含有这个关键词的只有B选项:Human interaction is essential in some areas.人类互动依然在某些领域很重要。切合文意。故选B。
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Suddenly, Lina spotted something in the water. It was a boat, and inside it were Marie, Celia, and Marie’s dad, who was steering through the fast flowing waters. As the boat approached, they saw Lina waving and the worried expressions on their faces turned to relief.

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1.What is special about the island?

A.It is very near the ocean. B.It is a popular place for boating.

C.It is surrounded by thick forest. D.It has never been reached by others.

2.Why did Lina get angry?

A.Lina was left alone on the island. B.Marie would not help row the boat.

C.Marie didn’t know how to row the boat. D.Celia supported Marie in the disagreement.

3.What caused Lina to feel scared?

A.Her shame about the unnecessary argument.

B.The first raindrop of the approaching storm.

C.The idea that no one would come to save her.

D.The drop in temperature as the sun went down.

4.What can we infer about the three girls?

A.All of them could swim well. B.They had an adventurous spirit.

C.They lived far away from the island. D.They didn’t make up in the end.

 

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Motel 6 Downtown

Neighboring the Golden Gate Bridge, it’s one of the most popular motels in San Francisco with enough free parking spaces.

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Check out: before 12:00 am.

$140, free charge for two children.

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The Opera Inn

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Check Out: before 11:00 am.

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1.For a couple with two children planning to check out at 10:30 am, which is the most economical hotel for them?

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