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People often say that “failure is the mo...

    People often say that “failure is the mother of success”. 1. As a result, Manalo, a professor of educational psychology in Japan says, “We know we shouldn’t give up when we fail—but in reality, we do.”

Manalo and Manu, a professor of learning sciences in Swiss, put together a special issue (专利) last December on benefiting from failure. The issue’s 15 studies provide teachers and educational researchers with a guide for achieving success. 2. Another confirmed that advice on failures is most constructive when the receiver is prepared to experience unpleasant feelings.

Manalo and his co-authors also focused on overcoming one everyday form of failure: not completing a task. They asked 131 students to write an article about their school experiences. Half of the students received instructions for their writing, and half were left to their own. 3. Afterward the researchers found that those in the instructed group were more willing to complete their articles, compared with those who lacked guidance—even if the latter were closer to being done. 4.

5. Stephanie Couch, the director of the Lemelson-MIT Program, holds the opinion. Couch, whose work was also featured in the special issue, says that we should tell them to think of failure as part of a process toward success.

A.However, all were stopped before finishing.

B.The saying shows the importance of success.

C.Teaching students not to fear failure makes goals achieved more easily.

D.One study reported that the sooner students fail, the sooner they can move forward.

E.Though having some truth to it, the saying does not tell us how to turn a loss into a win.

F.They believed that learning how to fail can help people avoid becoming lasting failures.

G.Knowing how to finish, in other words, was more important than being close to finishing.

 

1.E 2.D 3.A 4.G 5.C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。人们常说“失败是成功之母”。这句话虽然有一定道理,但并没有告诉我们如何化输为胜。文章主要介绍了日本教育心理学教授Manalo的一项研究表明学生越早失败,他们就能越早前进。告诉我们要教会学生不要害怕失败,这会让目标更容易实现。 1.根据上文People often say that “failure is the mother of success”.可知人们常说“失败是成功之母”。以及第二段中The issue’s 15 studies provide teachers and educational researchers with a guide for achieving success.可知本期的15项研究为教师和教育研究者提供了成功的指南。由此可知,本句承接上文对“失败是成功之母”这句话进行评价,认为虽然说得有道理,但是也指出这句话并没有告诉我们如何将失败变成胜利,与后文一项研究提供了成功指南相呼应。故E选项“这句话虽然有一些道理,但并没有告诉我们如何将失败变成胜利”符合上下文语境,故选E。 2.根据后文Another confirmed that advice on failures is most constructive when the receiver is prepared to experience unpleasant feelings.可知另一项研究证实,当接受失败的人准备经历不愉快的感觉时,关于失败的建议最有建设性。由此可知,本句是在说明一项研究结果,且后文Another与D选项中One相对应,one…another…表示“一个……另一个……”。故D选项“一项研究表明,学生越早失败,他们就能越早进步”符合上下文语境,故选D。 3.根据本段第一句Manalo and his co-authors also focused on overcoming one everyday form of failure: not completing a task.可知Manalo和他的合著者们还专注于克服一种常见的失败:没有完成任务。由此可知,这项研究需要在学生们完成写作任务之前就停止。故A选项“然而,所有这些都在完成前停止了”符合上下文语境,故选A。 4.根据上文Afterward the researchers found that those in the instructed group were more willing to complete their articles, compared with those who lacked guidance—even if the latter were closer to being done.可知之后,研究人员发现,与缺乏指导的小组相比,接受指导的小组更愿意完成他们的文章——即使后者更接近完成。由此可知,本句承接上文说明,这项研究结果证明,知道如何完成比接近完成更重要。故G选项“换句话说,知道如何完成比接近完成更重要”符合上下文语境,故选G。 5.根据后文Stephanie Couch, the director of the Lemelson-MIT Program, holds the opinion. Couch, whose work was also featured in the special issue, says that we should tell them to think of failure as part of a process toward success.可知Lemelson-MIT项目主任Stephanie Couch持有这种观点。Couch的作品也出现在本期特刊中。他说,我们应该告诉他们,失败是走向成功的过程中的一部分。由此可知,失败是走向成功的过程中的一部分,因此要教会学生不要害怕失败,反而会让目标更容易实现。故C选项“教学生不要害怕失败会让目标更容易实现”符合上下文语境,故选C。
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    It is no secret that physical activity is necessary to a person’s well-being. Because children are continuously developing physically and emotionally, they are especially affected by the benefits of activity. Former First Lady Michelle Obama’s Let’s Move initiative reports that nearly one-third of US children are overweight or obese, and that “schools are a key setting for kids to get their 60 minutes of play with moderate activity, given the significant portion of time they spend there.”

Physical education programs in schools directly benefit students’ physical health. Regular exercise promotes muscles and bone development. In addition to participating in physical activity, students in P.E. learn the fundamentals of a healthful lifestyle, the building blocks upon which they can develop into healthy, knowledgeable adults.

Though the lack of attention on P.E. is often justified as an opportunity to spend more time in the classroom, studies show that physical activity contributes to improved academic performance. Regular activity during the school day is strongly associated with higher concentration levels. A statewide policy in North Carolina requires that children from kindergarten to eighth grade participate in 30 minutes of physical activity each day.

Activities in P.E. help children develop healthful social interactions. From a young age, children learn cooperation through group activities and form a positive sense of identity as part of a team. Such group activities are continually important as children grow older. The International Platform on Sport and Development states that sport has been used as a practical tool to engage young people in their communities through volunteering, resulting in higher levels of leadership and community engagement among young people.

The benefits of P.E. to a child’s mental health are both complex and comprehensive. Improved physical health, academics and social interactions all contribute to good mental health. Physical activity sets the stage for a good night’s sleep, provides more energy to participate in hobbies and interact with others.

1.The first paragraph implies that            .

A.children are becoming much lazier nowadays

B.some schools have forbidden physical activity

C.most parents are dissatisfied with school education

D.schools must pay more attention to physical education

2.Physical education is ignored in a way because            .

A.children dislike taking physical activity B.schools are worried about children’s safety

C.students should have more time for study D.less sporting equipment is available to school children

3.What is the author’s possible attitude towards the policy in North Carolina?

A.Skeptical. B.Favorable.

C.Ambiguous. D.Objective.

4.Which is NOT a benefit of P. E. classes?

A.They assure you of a successful future. B.They keep your mind in a good state.

C.They help you focus on your studies. D.They do good to your social skills.

 

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    Robots have certain advantages compared to humans: They are efficient, tireless, can be repaired when damaged and they never get sick. This last trait has made them the star during our fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. While hundreds of thousands of medical workers have fallen ill dealing with this highly infectious virus and a lot more are forced to stay at home for fear of getting the disease, this isn’t a problem for robots.

This is why the COVID-19 outbreak is seen as the “tipping point”---noted The Independent Science reporter Anthony Cuthbertson---for robots to start to replace humans in certain jobs.

In areas like hospitals and healthcare facilities, robots are used to perform high-risk tasks. In China, for example, a hotel in Hangzhou employed a robot named “Little Peanut” to deliver food to people under quarantine(隔离期). In Spain, robots are about to be used to test people for the coronavirus. Ultraviolet-light-disinfection (紫外线消毒) robots are also being widely used to clean hospital corridors and wards.

“Hospitals around the world are waking up to autonomous disinfection,” Per Juul Nielsen, CEO of Denmark’s UVD Robots, a leading company manufacturing disinfection robots, told Forbes. “We can’t build these robots fast enough.”

In non-medical companies, robots are also replacing human employees since they don’t have the problem of social distancing and will never take sick leave. Walmart and Amazon, for example, where robots are already used in sorting, packing and shipping, are planning to increase the number of robots in their facilities. Fast-food chains like McDonald’s are not only delivering food with robots in some areas, but also looking to use them as cooks and servers.

According to futurist Martin Ford, using more robots than human employees can prove to be rewarding for companies---even when the pandemic is over. “People will prefer to go to a place that has fewer workers and more machines because they feel they can lower overall risk,” Ford told the BBC.

But this sudden surge (激增) in robot demand doesn’t mean that they triumph over humans in every aspect. According to Bill Smart, a roboticist at Oregon State University, the human contact between doctors and patients is still important. Doctors comfort the patients and guide them through hard decisions while robots are only doing routine tasks, like cleaning and giving tests, just to free up doctors and nurses.

It might be true that robots have certain advantages over humans, but they are still secondary to human interaction.

1.What is the text mainly about?

A.The advantages of robots compared to humans.

B.Different views toward applying robots to fight COVID-19.

C.Why the COVID-19 outbreak has fueled robot demand.

D.The important role humans play in certain areas.

2.What has made robots desirable during the pandemic according to the text?

A.They can be repaired when damaged.

B.They test people for coronavirus more precisely.

C.They never get tired and can replace doctors and nurses.

D.They are not vulnerable to the coronavirus.

3.What does Martin Ford think of the application of robots?

A.Its benefits are appealing and lasting.

B.Machines are less disturbing than humans.

C.It poses a threat to human employment.

D.There are some risks with the use of robots.

4.What can be concluded from the last two paragraphs?

A.The demand for robots is too great to meet.

B.Human interaction is essential in some areas.

C.Doctors can make more accurate judgments than robots.

D.Robots need updating to improve contact with humans.

 

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    When Lina was awoken by the sound of thunder, she was alone on the island. The air was cool and bullfrogs croaked. It was that brief moment when the summer sun had set but the stars hadn’t yet appeared. Lina rubbed her eyes and looked around. “Hello?” she called. “Celia? Marie?” There was no response.

The moon was rising now, shedding light on the island. They had always called it “Forgotten Island” because no one but they seemed to remember its existence. It wasn’t on any of the maps they could find, and even the forest rangers didn’t know about it. Lina loved that the island, hidden in a heavily-wooded side stream of the river, was a secret between the three friends---her, Celia, and Marie. But now Lina was here alone, and it was night. Worse still, it was her own fault.

“Come on, Lina, let Marie row the boat.” Celia had said. Marie was two years older than Lina, but she was a hopeless rower. That’s why Lina refused and rowed the boat to the island. The argument that followed the refusal took the usual form. Celia took Marie’s side, as she always did. Lina exploded and yelled at them to just leave. So they got back in the boat and left.

A bolt of lightning crossed the darkened sky, accompanied by a deafening thunder clap. The storm was here. As the first cold raindrop slid down her neck, Lina’s mind returned to her current problem. She was stuck here by herself. She just hoped she didn’t become as forgotten as the island. The thought of it sent a chill down her back.

Suddenly, Lina spotted something in the water. It was a boat, and inside it were Marie, Celia, and Marie’s dad, who was steering through the fast flowing waters. As the boat approached, they saw Lina waving and the worried expressions on their faces turned to relief.

In her excitement Lina jumped into the river. Only once she was in the icy water did she remember how fast the water was moving. Luckily a strong arm reached into the water and pulled her out. She smiled weakly at Marie’s dad and, without a word, hugged Celia and Marie. They didn’t seem to mind becoming wet.

1.What is special about the island?

A.It is very near the ocean. B.It is a popular place for boating.

C.It is surrounded by thick forest. D.It has never been reached by others.

2.Why did Lina get angry?

A.Lina was left alone on the island. B.Marie would not help row the boat.

C.Marie didn’t know how to row the boat. D.Celia supported Marie in the disagreement.

3.What caused Lina to feel scared?

A.Her shame about the unnecessary argument.

B.The first raindrop of the approaching storm.

C.The idea that no one would come to save her.

D.The drop in temperature as the sun went down.

4.What can we infer about the three girls?

A.All of them could swim well. B.They had an adventurous spirit.

C.They lived far away from the island. D.They didn’t make up in the end.

 

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    If you are taking a trip across the States, and are eager for a hotel, here are four economical ones for you to choose in San Francisco.

Motel 6 Downtown

Neighboring the Golden Gate Bridge, it’s one of the most popular motels in San Francisco with enough free parking spaces.

Check in: 15:00 pm with passports and credit card.

Check out: before 12:00 am.

$140, free charge for two children.

Pets not permitted in.  Tel:77345984

The Opera Inn

Located in the art district, it’s close to the Opera House, with chances to take part in various cultural activities.

Check in: at 16:00 pm with passport and credit card

Check out: before 11:00a.m.

$179, free charge for one child. No extra bed.

Pets not permitted in. Tel:77345244

Amsterdam Hotel

Located in downtown San Francisco, it’s a clean and tidy cheap hostel, with only eight minutes’ walk to the Chinatown.

Check in: 15:00 pm with passports and credit card

Check out: before 10:00 am

$106, free charge for two children.

Pets not permitted in.  Tel:72346654

Van Ness Inn

Neighboring the blue sea, it has a quiet and beautiful environment. It’s a best choice for those who are tired of the noisy downtown.

Check In: 1:00 pm with passports and credit card.

Check Out: before 11:00 am.

$118, $ 5 for one child

Pets not permitted in.  Tel:72346664

1.For a couple with two children planning to check out at 10:30 am, which is the most economical hotel for them?

A.Motel 6 Downtown. B.The Opera Inn.

C.Amsterdam Hotel. D.Van Ness Inn.

2.What is Amsterdam Hotel the most competitive in?

A.Low Price. B.Excellent Service.

C.Peaceful Surroundings. D.Pets permission.

3.If you are an art lover, you are most likely to book the hotel and call________.

A.Tel:77345984 B.Tel:77345244

C.Tel:72346654 D.Tel:72346664

 

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假如你是学生会主席李华,为了让同学们(包括外国留学生)了解并加入新社团Traditional Chinese Culture Lovers,请你用英语拟一份通知张贴在校园文化宣传栏。主要内容包括:

1.社团成立的目的和意义;

2.社团计划开展的活动;

3.报名时间和地点:410号至15号,学生会办公室。

注意:词数100左右;

可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Notice

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