Question

在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There were many great philosophers in ancient China.

Confucius, 1.was born in 551BC and died in 479 BC, was the 2.( great ) philosopher of all time in the history of China. He stressed the 3.(important) of kindness, duty and order in society. His ideas affected Chinese society for over 20000 years.

Mencius, born in 372 BC, was a student of Confucius’s ideas. So, his teachings were similar to4.of Confucius. He believed man was born with good and5.people were more important than rulers. He wrote a book in his last years6.( call ) The Book of Mencius.

Mozi, who was born in 476 BC and died in 390 BC, was also7.influential philosopher. In some ways, his ideas were similar to those of Confucius. 8.example, he9.( think ) government was the most important thing. Mozi believed all men were10.( equally ). His idea of love differed from the Confucian idea of kindness, Mozi founded the philosophy called Mohism.

Answer

1.who

2.greatest

3.importance

4.those

5.that

6.called

7.an

8.For

9.thought

10.equal

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三位杰出的中国古代思想家，孔子，孟子，以及墨子。

1.

考查非限制性定语从句。句意：孔子生于公元前551年，卒于公元前479年。分析句子，Confucius为先行词，非限制性定语从句部分缺主语，所以用关系代词who。从句的先行词指人，故填who。

2.

考查形容词最高级。句意：是中国历史上最伟大的哲学家。分析句子，提示词为形容词可以修饰后面的名词，故此处的提示词不需要变词性。定冠词the后面接修饰形容词的最高级且根据句意，故填greatest。

3.

考查名词。句意：他强调了善良、责任和社会秩序的重要性。分析句子，提示词为形容词性，需将其改为名词和of构成所属关系。故填importance。

4.

考查代词。句意：所以，他的学说和孔子的相似。分析句子，该空应填teachings，为复数。而该句中已经出现了teachings，故此处需用代词来指代前文提及的内容。此处指代前文提及的复数名词，应用those。故填those。

5.

考查宾语从句。句意：他相信人性本善，人比统治者更重要。分析句子结构可知，主语为he，谓语动词为believe，其后的宾语从句为 man was born with good和and______people were more important than rulers。填空处所在的宾语从句，句子成分完整，不缺任何意思。故需要连接词that作为引导词。故填that。

6.

考查非谓语动词。句意：他晚年写了一本书，名叫《孟子》。分析句子，提示词所处句中已有动词wrote，故call需用非谓语动词。call和逻辑主语a book之间表示被动关系,所以需用过去分词表示被动。故填called。

7.

考查冠词。句意：墨子生于公元前476年，卒于公元前390年，也是一位有影响力的哲学家。分析句子，划线后的philosopher译为“哲学家”是可数名词，此处需表示单数。又因为修饰词influential以元音音素开头。故填an。

8.

考查固定短语。句意：例如，他认为政府是最重要的。For example 译为“例如”，是固定短语。故填For。

9.

考查时态。句意：例如，他认为政府是最重要的。分析句子，简单句中除了think外无其余动词，故此处需填动词的时态。提示词和逻辑主语之间表示主动关系。分析句意，此处表示墨子那个年代他的看法，所以此处此处应用动词的过去时。故填thought。

10.

考查形容词。句意：墨子认为人皆平等。分析句子，be动词were后需用形容词作表语。提示词为副词，需将其变为形容词。故填equal。